Jun Liang's research while affiliated with Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine and other places

... Polysaccharide, a kind of biological macromolecule formed by dehydration and condensation of more than 10 monosaccharide molecules, possesses a series of biological activities [7][8][9]. For the past few years, an increasing amount of polysaccharides derived from herbal medicine were purified and structurally identified [10][11][12][13][14][15]. At the same time, the various biological functions of polysaccharides from Chinese medicine containing plants, animals and microorganisms have also attracted increasing attention [16,17]. ...

... Furthermore, extensive investigation has been conducted on multiple species of Ganoderma lucidum. As another example, researchers have recently isolated and purified a novel and unprecedented glucuronoxylogalactoglucomannan from Auricularia auricular-judae, and preliminarily evaluations have confirmed its anti-inflammatory activity [28]. This also inspires us to continue to explore the novel structure and broad biological activities of carbohydrates from fungal traditional Chinese medicine urgently, due to their rich medicinal and edible value. ...

... Polysaccharide, a kind of biological macromolecule formed by dehydration and condensation of more than 10 monosaccharide molecules, possesses a series of biological activities [7][8][9]. For the past few years, an increasing amount of polysaccharides derived from herbal medicine were purified and structurally identified [10][11][12][13][14][15]. At the same time, the various biological functions of polysaccharides from Chinese medicine containing plants, animals and microorganisms have also attracted increasing attention [16,17]. ...

... Recently, ultra-high performance supercritical fluid chromatography coupled with DAD was used for the first time to analyze the whole monosaccharide components of S. chinensis fruit polysaccharides. This study provided a new alternative method for determining the monosaccharide components of natural polysaccharides (122). Liu et al. (123) proposed a sample preparation method based on microwave assisted free radical degradation (MFRD) of plant polysaccharides to efficient degradation of S. chinensis and S. sphenanthera polysaccharides. ...

... For instance, studies have revealed that Ephedra polysaccharides can increase the relative abundance of rodshaped bacteria, lactobacilli, Prevotella, clostridia, and Veillonella while reducing the relative abundance of Bacteroides and Ruminococcus in the gut of mice with asthma-like airway inflammation. This results in higher production of acetic, propionic, butyric, isobutyric, valeric, isovaleric, and hexanoic acids, reduced eosinophil cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, BALF), as well as decreased serum Immunoglobulin E (Immunoglobulin E, IgE), Interleukin-6 (Interleukin-6, IL-6), Tumor Necrosis Factor α (Tumor Necrosis Factor α, TNF-α), and Interleukin-1β (Interleukin-1β, IL-1β) levels [19]. Although oral ginsenoside utilization rates are low and have poor activity, bifidobacteria, clostridia, and rod-shaped bacteria can transform them into more active ginsenoside compounds [20]. ...

... Monosaccharide composition analysis is the basis for studying the structural properties and the structure-activity relationships of polysaccharides. Common analytical methods for determining monosaccharide composition currently include liquid chromatography [10], liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry ( Figure 8) [97], gas chromatography [64] and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry [41]. A large number of studies have concluded that the chemical modification of natural polysaccharides generally leads to changes in the molar percentage of monosaccharide composition, but it does not lead to changes in monosaccharide composition [42,64,77,82]. ...

... The band at 1529 cm − 1 is associated to amide II vibrations of the protein, and C-N stretch vibrations were assigned with little C -O bending contributions and C -C and N -C stretch vibrations. The band at 1041 cm − 1 corresponds to C-O-C stretch of glycosidic bonds, probably from carbohydrates (Zhou, Liang, Lü, Kuang, & Xia, 2022). ...

... Variable importance for the projection (VIP) values of saponins and volatile oils were further calculated and ranked from the respective PLS-DA models. The VIP represents the importance of the variable in the explanation of the data sets and in relation to the grouping [30]. Combined with the loading plots (Figure 7), VIP > 1 was used as an indicator to screen for differential saponin and volatile oil components in North and South RB. ...

... Polysaccharide, a kind of biological macromolecule formed by dehydration and condensation of more than 10 monosaccharide molecules, possesses a series of biological activities [7][8][9]. For the past few years, an increasing amount of polysaccharides derived from herbal medicine were purified and structurally identified [10][11][12][13][14][15]. At the same time, the various biological functions of polysaccharides from Chinese medicine containing plants, animals and microorganisms have also attracted increasing attention [16,17]. ...

... Moreover, the pre-column derivatization of PMP is unstable and prone to produce by-products. In fact, some new liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry techniques have been proposed to comprehensively characterize the composition of various monosaccharides such as uronic acid in polysaccharides, although most of these methods require derivatization, but with higher accuracy and sensitivity (75)(76)(77)(78). In the future, these new technologies mentioned above can be applied to the study of T. aurantialba polysaccharides, so as to help us better analyze the structure-activity relationship of T. aurantialba polysaccharides and promote the application of T. aurantialba polysaccharides in medical and health care. ...