Julius Afolabi Falola’s research while affiliated with Bayero University Kano and other places

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Publications (3)


Figure 1. Conceptual model of fire disaster emergency response demand and supply relationships
Figure 2. Flowchart of Methodology
Figure 3. Kano Metropolis By 2018, Kano metropolis is expected to have a population of 4, 331, 790, making it one of the West African subcontinent's urban centers with the highest economic and demographic growth (NPC, 2013). Good management is challenging due to the ongoing intensification of human activities, which worsens the environment and raises the danger of multiple tragedies (Barau et al., 2015; Yunus & Falola, 2022). The expansion of the metropolis has been credited factors including natural growth, immigration, the existence of educational institutions, the proximity of businesses and large markets, and the fact that it serves as the state capital (Ayila et al. 2014). Throughout the city, there is a wide range in the density of residential units. There are about 7,000 people living there every square kilometer. The six major LGAs (Dala, Municipal, Nassarawa, Gwale, Fagge, and Trauni) make up much of the urbanized area with population density of about 19, 000 persons per square kilometer over an area of roughly 145 square kilometers. According to reports, this region experiences the greatest fire outbreaks because of its high population density, intense socioeconomic activity, high demand, and consumption of a variety of energy sources throughout the year. Kano Metropolis is susceptible to numerous calamities, both natural and man-made which has caused loss of lives, properties, and harm to the environment. While some strikes immediately, others take time to develop. Some of the disasters include flooding, dam collapsing/failure, collapsing of buildings, traffic and aviation accidents, explosions, riots, and fire disaster affecting commercial, residential, and industrial landuses. Urban fires are a serious problem in the city, where they frequently result in fatalities, serious injuries, and the damage of valuable property
Figure 4. Distribution of fire stations and fire incident locations (response demand points) in Kano Metropolis from 2009 to 2019
Figure 10 and 11. Emergency Response Demand and Supply Distance Range: (a) KRN, JKR, BP and GH stations (b) RZ, SG and DNSD stations

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Emergency Response Demand and Supply: A GIS-Based Network Analysis For Fire Station's Service Coverage Delineation in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria
  • Article
  • Full-text available

April 2023

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356 Reads

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1 Citation

Geosfera Indonesia

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Julius Afolabi Falola

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Ibrahim Musa

Inadequate fire emergency response infrastructure and a lack of defined service coverage remain key barriers to timely fire disaster response. This study is applied research which employed geospatial techniques and aimed at examining fire disaster emergency response demand and supply relationships with the view to delineating service coverage and locating more facilities for optimum coverage in Kano metropolis. Locations of the existing fire stations and fire incidents (2009-2019) were gathered through GPS surveying. Network data set were generated. Nearest Neighbor and Network Analysis (origin-destination, service coverage and location-allocation) were conducted to determine emergency response demand and supply relationships, service coverage area delineation and identifying best site for allocating new facilities within the metropolis respectively. It was found that no clearly defined service coverage exist as emergency response supply takes more than 4-8 times the NFPA travel standard, and with a great deal of overlapping response patterns. New service coverage areas were proposed and best sites for 8 firefighting facilities identified for optimum coverage. It is concluded that emergency fire disaster response demand and supply relationships within Kano metropolis is imbalanced, with extensive recurrent demand especially within the core area served by overstretched and inefficient response supply. This, therefore, implies continuous exposure of lives and properties to the menace of fire disaster in Kano metropolis.

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Analysis of Spatio-Temporal Pattern, Causes and Consequences of Fire Disaster in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria

October 2022

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309 Reads

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4 Citations

Nigerian Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology

The threat of urban fire disaster has been and is still a serious problem in Kano metropolis resulting to increased risk exposure of human and properties, thereby rendering the metropolis unsafe for business, residence and recreational activities. This study examined the spatio-temporal patterns of fire disaster and it causes and consequences. The study adopted a mixed method integrating quantitative and geospatial data from various sources. Fire incidents data (2009-2019) was obtained from the records of the existing fire stations and subjected to Global Positioning System (GPS) surveying for spatial mapping. Three fire incident clusters were identified and selected within which questionnaire survey was conducted. Coefficient of Variance and simple percentages were used for the qualitative data analysis. The result revealed the influence of space-time relationships in fire disaster recurrence throughout the period of study. Annual incident trend indicated general increase in occurrence of fire disaster. Seasonally, the trend revealed the highest incidents during the cool and dry season (32%). Diurnally, there were more fire incidents in the morning (26%) and evening hours (24.7%) than in the early night hours (8.8%) due to low temperatures especially during the cool and dry season. Electric related problems and negligence constituted the dominant causes of fire disaster which is being responsible for about 36% and 73% of the total incidents recorded respectively. Residential and commercial landuses experienced the highest number of fire disaster with about 72% and 14% respectively. It is concluded that recurrence of fire disaster in Kano metropolis is influenced by space-time relationship and landuse. Massive enlightenment campaign on fire disaster prevention and preparedness measures should be embarked on especially within the high population density residential areas, stressing on negligence and electric related faults as the two major causes of fire outbreaks within the metropolis.


Vulnerability Dynamics and Urban Flood Hazardscape Pattern: A Geospatial Analysis in Gombe City, Nigeria

August 2022

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146 Reads

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1 Citation

Geosfera Indonesia

In many Nigerian states, urban flooding has resulted into the death of numerous people and destruction of properties worth billions of Naira. This study examined the vulnerability dynamics and urban flood hazardscape pattern within Gombe city with a view to providing bases for policy formulation (where necessary), enforcement and decision making on flood risk reduction for enable sustainable urban development. ASTER DEM and Landsat images (2000, 2010 and 2019) was used to generate Digital Terrain Model (DTM) and impervious surface areas. Rainfall data for 2000-2018 was used to examine rainfall trend using regression analysis. The result revealed that flood hazardscape and vulnerability dynamics are largely influenced by physical and social factors. The results for vulnerability dynamics shows that as at 2000, about 1.4km2 lies on the relatively low vulnerable area,4.1km2falls within the moderate, and about 14.6km2 falls on critical area. By 2010, only about 1km2 lies on the relatively low area, 5.2km2 occupied the moderate and about 15km2was found within the critically vulnerable area. In 2019, the vulnerability dynamics depicts that about 33.4km2, impervious surface (builtup area) existed, out of which 2.8km2 lies on the low vulnerable area, 9.4km2 on the moderately vulnerable and 21.2km2 in critically vulnerable areas. It is concluded that flood hazardscape and vulnerability dynamics in Gombe city is influenced by both physical and anthropogenic factors. It is recommended that planning departments should put into consideration urban flood hazardscape maps for future development so as to reduce the risk and control future exposure flood impact. Keywords : Impervious surfaces; Feature extraction; Hazardscape; Urban flood; Vulnearbility dynamics Copyright (c) 2022 Geosfera Indonesia and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share A like 4.0 International License

Citations (2)


... Additionally, leveraging technology such as early warning systems and geographic information systems (GIS) can improve fire detection and response times, potentially saving lives and minimizing damage (Gernay et al., 2016). Numerous studies have examined fire disasters using a variety of methodologies and approaches across different locations (Adamu & Yunus, 2016;Oladokun et al., 2012;Oladokun & Emanuel, 2014;Adekunle et al., 2016;Ayuba et al. 2016;Isa et al. 2016;Ogundele et al., 2013;Dogondaji et al., 2017;Kihila, 2017;Yunus 2019aYunus , 2019bYunus , 2023Li et al. 2011;Yunus and Falola 2022;Mao et al. 2020;Yu et al. 2020;Zhang et al. 2018;Zhibang et al. 2018;Chhetri et al. 2017 Kiran andCorcoran 2017;Khan et al. 2020;Oppong et al. 2017;Yao et al. 2018;Nowell et al. 2018;Mantra, 2020;Falola and Agbola 2022;Abdulsalam, Kabir & Arafat, 2016;Zhu et al., 2018;Dube, 2018;Ejeta, Ardalan & Paton, 2015;Makachia, Gatebe & Makhonge, 2014;Yagoub & Jalil, 2014). These studies utilized data from various sources, including historical fire response data, fire department incident reports, surveys and interviews with firefighters and other stakeholders, and government publications. ...

Reference:

Urban fire disaster response delay model revisited
Analysis of Spatio-Temporal Pattern, Causes and Consequences of Fire Disaster in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria

Nigerian Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology

... Nigeria has an average elevation of 380 meters above relatively low sea level. 12 Floods can have positive environmental repercussions. 13 Floods preserve biodiversity and vital ecological services in many natural systems. ...

Vulnerability Dynamics and Urban Flood Hazardscape Pattern: A Geospatial Analysis in Gombe City, Nigeria

Geosfera Indonesia