Joseph Price’s research while affiliated with Brigham Young University–Hawaii and other places

... In contrast to height, human lifespan has a low heritability (Kemkes-Grottenthaler, 2004). A recent study, based on a very large genealogical dataset of eight million families, looked at life spans of kin surviving to at least age 25 and estimates the correlation between a parent's and child's lifespan as merely 0.07 to 0.10 (Black et al., 2023). This is much lower than correlations in socio-economic positions or other indicators of health than lifespan. ...

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Genetic and Shared-Environment Effects on Stature and Lifespan. A Study of Dutch Birth Cohorts (1785-1920) Based on Genealogies

... Recent models have posited that it is unlikely that affirmative action reduces effort. For instance, in the Cotton et al. (2020) model, the impact of preferential policies differs across population groups; it matters whether one is a beneficiary of the policy and one's relative ability within the group. The model shows that a preferential treatment policy that targets disadvantaged students may increase their effort by placing them within reach of outcomes that would otherwise be unattainable. ...

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Racial and income-based affirmative action in higher education admissions: lessons from the Brazilian experience

... Adults with higher educational attainment have better health and lifespans compared to their lesseducated peers [135]. A study of a cohort of adults born 1906-1915 revealed that one additional year of education was associated with approximately 0.4 more years of life [136]. ...

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Facing stress and inflammation: From the cell to the planet

... Our work contributes to this literature by demonstrating that social interactions also a ect behavior, and rea rming that behavior may be malleable beyond childhood. 5 Interactions outside the classroom have also been studied higher education (Sacerdote, 2001;Zimmerman, 2003;Marmaros and Sacerdote, 2006;Camargo et al., 2010;Garlick, 2018;Corno et al., 2022;Michelman et al., 2022) and in a handful of other settings such as sports (Mousa, 2020;Lowe, 2021). In contrast to the context in our paper, these studies often focus on either an extremely intense form of interactions (college roommates) or academically oriented interactions (study groups). ...

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Informal Social Interactions, Academic Achievement and Behaviour: Evidence from Peers on the School Bus

... Therefore, income differences across individuals emerge and persist over time. Recent empirical evidence from Michelman et al. (2021) 1 The existence and salience of positional concerns have been empirically tested in several studies on self-reported happiness, expenditure surveys or experiments. Findings indicate that individuals' happiness is significantly and negatively affected by their relative income and relative consumption (Clark et al., 2008;Clark & Senik, 2010;Dynan & Ravina, 2007;Ferrer-í-Carbonell, 2005;Luttmer, 2005) and that individuals' consumption is positively correlated to the consumption of the reference group (Charles et al., 2009;De Giorgi et al., 2020;Heffetz, 2011;Ravina, 2019). ...

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Social inclusion through social status and the emergence of development traps

... These early adulthood effects of birth endowment can influence old-age health and longevity. Several strands of research point to the influence of income, education, health, height, and adulthood socioeconomic status on old-age mortality outcomes (Chetty et al., 2016;Crimmins & Finch, 2006;Fletcher, 2015;Lleras-Muney, 2005;Lleras-Muney et al., 2020;Mazumder, 2008;Meghir et al., 2018;Salm, 2011). ...

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Long-Term Health Benefits of Occupational Licensing: Evidence from Midwifery Laws

... This ratio is often expressed in terms of hours worked or the number of workers engaged in the production process. By comparing the output achieved to the labor invested, labor productivity becomes a key performance indicator that aids in evaluating the economic efficiency of a given system [ 26 ] . The numerator, typically representing the economic output or value-added, speaks to the tangible and intangible contributions of human labor. ...

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SIMULATING LABOR PRODUCTIVITY IN A WASTE WATER TREATMENT PLANT USING SYSTEM DYNAMIC MODELING

... As a basic measurement of parental time, we included a measure of total shared time (minutes per day), which was not specific to the activity being carried out. One-on-one time with a child facilitates parental engagement (Crouter and Crowley 1990;Price et al. 2021), self-worth for children (Lam et al. 2012), and closeness between parent and child (Larson and Richards 1991;Larson et al. 1996), was also measured. One-on-one time with a child (minutes per day) was not specific to the activity being carried out and was based solely on answers to the "who were you with?" survey question. ...

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The Developmental Course of Parental Time Investments in Children from Infancy to Late Adolescence

... Affirmative action has also been widely implemented outside the United States, from Canada to Malaysia to Northern Ireland, and in India, where reservation law, a set of caste-based quotas, is imposed by constitutional edict. Today, AA is a pervasive fixture of US college admissions, though it has been caste-based and generated much controversy [7]. However, the use of affirmative action in state universities and colleges is almost universally voluntary and has actually been banned in eight states. ...

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Affirmative Action in Higher Education: A Systematic Literature Review

... Unsere Analyse und damit unser Einsatz für einen adäquaten Umgang mit konfundierenden Einflüssen im Rahmen von Kompetenzmessungen steht damit im Einklang der im Beitrag diskutierten internationalen Literatur (siehe Einleitung). Eine mögliche Lösung dieses grundsätzlichen Problems wäre der Einsatz von Anreizen (materiell und/oder nicht-materiell) zur extrinsischen Stärkung der Testmotivation (siehe Jacob 2005, Angrist und Lavy 2009, Fryer 2011,Gneezy et al. 2011, Bettinger 2012, Levitt et al. 2016, DellaVigna und Pope 2018, Gneezy et al. 2019, Cotton et al. 2020, Burgess et al. 2021.Dieses Vorgehen ist jedoch nicht immer praktikabel und setzt überdies voraus, dass derartige Effekte uniform verlaufen und nicht auch Heterogenität in ihren Wirkungen unterliegen (z.B.Leuven et al. 2009). Daher scheint uns vor allem die adäquate Berücksichtigung der Testmotivation auf Basis von empirisch beobachteten Differenzen im Antwortverhalten (insbesondere der Antwortzeiten) mithilfe von mikroökonometrischen Methoden weiterhin besonders vielversprechend. ...

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Testmotivation und Leistungsdifferenzen in der ökonomischen Domäne