José Sarukhán's research while affiliated with Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México and other places
What is this page?
This page lists the scientific contributions of an author, who either does not have a ResearchGate profile, or has not yet added these contributions to their profile.
It was automatically created by ResearchGate to create a record of this author's body of work. We create such pages to advance our goal of creating and maintaining the most comprehensive scientific repository possible. In doing so, we process publicly available (personal) data relating to the author as a member of the scientific community.
If you're a ResearchGate member, you can follow this page to keep up with this author's work.
If you are this author, and you don't want us to display this page anymore, please let us know.
It was automatically created by ResearchGate to create a record of this author's body of work. We create such pages to advance our goal of creating and maintaining the most comprehensive scientific repository possible. In doing so, we process publicly available (personal) data relating to the author as a member of the scientific community.
If you're a ResearchGate member, you can follow this page to keep up with this author's work.
If you are this author, and you don't want us to display this page anymore, please let us know.
Publications (97)
Long-term climate and vegetation data were used to determine the role of rainfall variability and its seasonal distribution on litterfall nutrients. Based on a 20-year data set on rainfall (range 334–1,506 mm per year) and litterfall nutrients from old-growth tropical dry forest (TDF) in Mexico, we examined litterfall N and P concentrations from th...
Crop wild relatives (CWR) intra- and interspecific diversity is essential for crop breeding and food security. However, intraspecific genetic diversity, which is central given the idiosyncratic threats to species in landscapes, is usually not considered in planning frameworks. Here, we introduce an approach to develop proxies of genetic differentia...
Biodiversity conservation calls for spatial explicit approaches to maximize the representation and persistence of genetic diversity given species idiosyncratic threats in mosaic landscapes, but conservation planning methodologies seldom account for this. Here, we introduce a novel approach that uses proxies of genetic diversity to identify conserva...
Mexico is the center of domestication and a center for diversity of maize. Area planted with maize is the country’s largest agricultural land use, mostly planted by smallholder family farmers known as campesinos. They generally plant native varieties, saving and sharing seed by and among themselves, enabling the evolutionary processes that sustain...
El estudio de largo plazo (35 años) sobre los procesos ecológicos funcionales del bosque tropical caducifolio en la región de Chamela, Jalisco, en la costa del Océano Pacífico, ha sido una herramienta científica muy útil para entender las propiedades del ecosistema y su variabilidad natural. Nos ha permitido documentar, por ejemplo, las alteracione...
México es un centro de origen de la agricultura y domesticación de plantas. Como resultado, más de 130 cultivos son originarios de México y forman parte de un profundo entramado biocultural que permite realizar agricultura en un amplio rango de condiciones ambientales. Esta agrobiodiversidad emergió del proceso de la evolución bajo domesticación, e...
Mexico is a center of origin for agriculture and plant domestication. As a result, more than 130 crops are native to Mexico, forming part of a deep biocultural network and allowing agriculture to take place in a wide range of environmental conditions. This agrobiodiversity emerged from the process of evolution under domestication, which occurred si...
This book compiles the state of knowledge of the biodiversity in the Americas and Australia.
Maize evolution under domestication is a process that continues today in Mexico carried out by smallholder family farmers, known as campesinos. Here we examine the evolutionary and food security implications of the scale and scope under which campesinos produce maize. We gathered official municipal-level data on maize production under rainfed condi...
En la última década, gracias al trabajo de casi 800 co-laboradores, la conabio ha publicado cuatro volúmenes de la obra Capital natural de México dedicada a docu-mentar el estado del conocimiento, la conservación, y el uso de la diversidad biológica del país y de los servicios ecosistémicos que brinda. En esta obra capital natural se entiende como...
Domestication has been influenced by formal plant breeding since the onset of intensive agriculture and the Green Revolution. Despite providing food security for some regions, intensive agriculture has had substantial detrimental consequences for the environment and does not fulfill smallholder’s needs under most developing countries conditions. Th...
Tropical dry forests (TDFs) on the Pacific Coast of Mexico experience seasonal droughts and very infrequent direct hurricane disturbance. Over a 4-year period, two hurricanes made landfall in the Chamela-Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve, Hurricane Jova (category 2) in October 2011 and Hurricane Patricia (category 4) in October 2015. Our permanent long-te...
Acasi diez años de la publicación de los tres primeros volúmenes de la obra Capital natural de México se presenta esta síntesis actualizada que destaca aspectos medulares tratados en la obra sobre el estado de conocimiento, conservación y uso de la biodiversidad de México. En esta edición se han puesto al día aquellos aspectos centrales para los cu...
Rainfall, runoff and sediment yield have been measured over three decades (1983-2015) in five contiguous small watersheds (12-28. ha) covered by mature tropical dry forest (TDF) at the Chamela Biological Field Station, UNAM, in the southern Pacific Coast of Jalisco, Mexico. Hydrological dynamics strongly drive the seasonal and inter-annual variabil...
Different reproductive traits are compared among wild a 1d cultivated populations of Phaseolus coccineus L., growing along an altitudinal gradient (2 200-3 000 m) and under different environmental conditions. It is suggested that the high altitude populations are genetically isolated from both the cultivar and wild populations at low elevation due...
Ecological restoration has become an important conservation strategy to safeguard biodiversity and ecosystems services. To restore 15% of degraded ecosystems as stipulated by the CBD Aichi target 15, we developed a prioritization framework to identify potential priority sites for restoration in a megadiverse country. Based on a restoration planning...
This study is part of a larger effort by The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity for Agriculture and Food (TEEBAgFood), from the United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP), which has been “designed to provide a comprehensive economic evaluation of the ‘ecoagri-food systems’ complex, and demonstrate that the economic environment in which far...
p>Este trabajo es el inicial de una serie de estudios demográficos sobre Astrocaryum mexicanum que se encuentra en desarrollo desde 1975. En él se describe la estructura de las poblaciones de A. mexicanum, así como la composición florística arbórea de seis sitios permanentes de observación de 600 m2, situados en la selva alta perennifolia de la Est...
La valoración de las capacidads gumanas, institucionales y financieras es inherente a la evaluación del estado del conocimiento, de la conservación y del uso de la biodiversidad, al igual que la del impacto que las políticas, tanto de uso como de conservación, han tenido en el manejo del capital natual. Realizar este tipo de estudios es un aspecto...
In their commentary on our recent paper (Martínez-Ramos et al. 2016), Arroyo-Rodríguez and Melo (2016, hereafter referred to as A-R&M) present imprecisions that need clarification to avoid misleading the readership of FEE regarding the contribution of our paper.
Anthropogenic disturbances affecting tropical forest reserves have been documented, but their ecological long-term cumulative effects are poorly understood. Habitat fragmentation and defaunation are two major anthropogenic threats to the integrity of tropical reserves. Based on a long-term (four decades) study, we document how these disturbances sy...
Significance
Human activities disrupt ecosystem functioning and jeopardize biodiversity, especially in the tropics. Increasing evidence shows this disturbance is happening even within reserves, but the underlying causative mechanisms are unclear. This paper provides a unique long-term (four decades) empirical, experimental, and modeling study showi...
We describe the concept underlying the creation of CONABIO, its nature, and aspects of its philosophy, operation and results in almost a quarter of a century of its existence. CONABIO is a Mexican interministerial governmental organization that has compiled, with the participation of an interdisciplinary group constituted by hundreds of academics,...
The call for integrated social–environmental science, complete with outreach to applications and solutions, is escalating worldwide. Drawing on several decades of experience, researchers engaged in such science, completed an assessment of the design and management attributes and impact pathways that lead to successful projects and programs and to u...
Decisionmakers need updated, scientifically sound and relevant information to implement appropriate policy measures and make
innovative commitments to halt biodiversity loss and improve human well-being. Here, we present a recent science-based synthesis
on the biodiversity and ecosystem services of Mexico, intended to be a tool for policymakers. We...
The relevance of addressing coexistence between GM, conventional, and organic agricultural production mostly has been driven in industrialized countries by (international) commercial issues and consumer choices. While some of these drivers are also relevant in less industrialized countries, coexistence of the different agricultural options in these...
Biological diversity is not homogeneously distributed around the globe. Notably, species diversity decreases with latitude. Superimposed on this and other natural trends of spatial variation is the heterogeneous distribution of diversity among nations. Geopolitical entities in which biodiversity is, in relative terms, particularly overrepresented,...
The rapid expansion of internet accessibility through mobile phone networks together with simple mobile applications and expert knowledge systems provide new opportunities to connect farmers, extension and development workers, and policymakers with site-specific knowledge and information. The amount of electronically available knowledge and informa...
México ha enfrentado a lo largo de su historia numerosos retos, propios de cada etapa de la vida de la nación; en general, ha salido triunfante y fortalecido de ellos, aunque cada uno ha exigido diferentes acciones y esfuerzos para resolverlos. en la actualidad enfrenta retos compartidos con todas la naciones del mundo, que tienen en nuestro territ...
trabajamos con animales y plantas con el fin de evaluar la diversidad biológica con enfoques genéticos, filogenéticos y de filogeografía (esto es, análisis de la distribución espacial de los linajes génicos, algo fundamental para reconstruir la historia evolutiva de una especie). Destacan los estudios sobre mamíferos y cactos, y especies endémicas...
People depend upon ecosystems to supply a range of services necessary for their survival and well-being. Ecosystem service indicators are critical for knowing whether or not these essential services are being maintained and used in a sustainable manner, thus enabling policy makers to identify the policies and other interventions needed to better ma...
La solución de los graves problemas ambientales que afectan a la humanidad requiere de políticas públicas dirigidas a considerar el mejor conocimiento científico disponible. La Evaluación de los ecosistemas del milenio1 inspiró una obra para México (Capital natural de México), cuyo enfoque central destaca el estado de conservación de nuestros ecosi...
Las decisiones respecto a los grandes problemas ambientales que afectan a la humanidad requieren del mejor conocimiento científico. La Evaluación de los Ecosistemas del Milenio inspiró el marco conceptual para la realización de una evaluación similar para México, adaptada a sus circunstancias y características, intitulada Capital natural de México,...
New initiatives are being proposed to create knowledge-transfer mechanisms between biodiversity science and so-called decision makers that are apparently ignoring some of the significant differences to which biodiversity governance is subject at different scales. Shifting scales seriously change the rules of knowledge transfer; some implications of...
The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA) introduced a new framework for analyzing social-ecological systems that has had wide influence in the policy and scientific communities. Studies after the MA are taking up new challenges in the basic science needed to assess, project, and manage flows of ecosystem services and effects on human well-being. Ye...
Globalization of labor and capital can increase the rate and extent of global environmental degradation, while enhancing the ability of ecologists to respond rapidly and collaboratively to mitigate these impacts. Nevertheless, ecological research remains focused at local and regional levels, with collaboration limited by national borders and fundin...
As attributes of the Earth's ecosystems shift in the face of human impact and sustainability of ecosystem services becomes less certain, one important tool at the disposal of the scientific community and other groups is a blueprint for understanding, evaluating, and communicating the value of ecological services. The blueprint presented here is bas...
Ecosystem services science has developed at a fast rate in Latin America, a region characterized by a high biological and cultural diversity, strong emphasis in foreign investment, and high socioeconomic inequities. Here we conducted the following analyses at the regional and national scales: (1) how and when did the study of ecosystem services ari...
For policymakers, biodiversity can present more complex challenges than climate change, argue Michel Loreau, Alfred Oteng-Yeboah and their co-authors. So why isn't there an international panel of experts for biodiversity?
We review and analyze the historical development and challenges facing ecology as a science in Mexico, a country with limited financial and human (one scientist per 5000 inhabitants) resources and numerous environmental problems. We outline a set of research, collaborative, and financial strategies that could help to strengthen the role of ecologic...
In the search for an integrated understanding of the relationships among productive activities, human well-being, and ecosystem functioning, we evaluated the services delivered by a tropical dry forest (TDF) ecosystem in the Chamela Region, on the Pacific Coast of Mexico. We synthesized information gathered for the past two decades as part of a lon...
The amount and annual net accumulation of above-ground dead woody material were quantified in a tropical deciduous forest in western Mexico. Three plots were located within a small watershed (16 ha) and distributed along a 150-m-elevation gradient (Upper, Middle and Lower plot). Total amount of above-ground dead phytomass (fine + coarse) was 27.2 M...
The appearance of the cactus moth Cactoblastis cactorum in Florida has roused concern over its possible effects on the Opuntia-rich areas of Mexico and the southwestern United States. In this paper we discuss the economic importance of Opuntia in Mexico and propose a method to predict the invasion of the alien species C. cactorum. In Mexico, the pr...
The study was conducted in five contiguous small watersheds (12–28 ha) gauged for long-term ecosystem research. Five 80 30 m plots were used for the study. We quantified inputs from the atmosphere, dissolved and particulate-bound losses, throughfall and litterfall fluxes, standing crop litter and soil available P pools. Mean P input and output for...
The earth's ecosystems provide goods and services that are essential to human existence, yet many of them are directly threatened
by human activities. A coordinated international effort is needed, to assess the current and probable future state of ecosystems
worldwide. An international ecosystem assessment is desirable to meet the needs of sustaina...
Measurements of the levels of herbivore damage on the foliage of trees (16 species) were made for three consecutive years in the Chamela-dry forest. There was a marked similarity in the overall levels of damage despite the fact that there were considerable climatic differences among years and that some of the species showed at least one significant...
To estimate the relative importance of genetic drift, the effective population size ∗∗∗(Ne ) can be used. Here we present estimates of the effective population size and related measures in Astrocaryum mexicanum, a tropical palm from Los Tuxtlas rain forest, Veracruz, Mexico. Seed and pollen dispersal were measured. Seeds are primarily dispersed by...
Astrocaryum mexicanum was studied in Los Tuxtlas rain forest, Veracruz, Mexico. Seeds are primarily dispersed by gravity and secondarily dispersed by small mammals. Mean primary and secondary dispersal distances for seeds were small (0.78 m and 2.35 m, respectively). A. mexicanum is beetle-pollinated. Estimates of pollen dispersal were similar, wit...
Phytomass was determined for a tropical deciduous forest in Chamela, Jalisco, México. The mean canopy height was 6.9 m, and the total basal area was 25.6 m2 ha−1 (dbh > 3.0 cm). The estimated phytomass for this forest (85 Mg ha−1) is among the highest values for tropical dry forests with similar seasonal climates. A stepwise multiple regression ana...
Continuous litterfall measurements were made from 1977 to 1982, at two sites with contrasting topography in a mature tropical deciduous forest in Chamela, Jalisco, on the Pacific Coast of Mexico (19° 30′ N, 105° 03′ W). The climate is strongly seasonal with the annual rainfall (x = 748 mm) concentrated in six months (June to November) and a mean an...
Most Astrocaryum mexicanum, a monopodial neotropical understorey palm, endure treefalls that form gaps in the forest, by bending under falling trees and limbs. After one year, a bent palm recovers vertical growths at its terminal meristem and forms a permanent kink in its stem. Using this morphological feature of the palm, together with its high de...
(1) This study examined soil erosion losses in agroecosystems on the Pacific coast of Jalisco, Mexico, to develop erosion control techniques for this seasonally dry mountainous area that would be appropriate for the ecological and socio-economic characteristics of the region. (2) Soil erosion and nutrient losses were measured for 2 years under seve...
Completely defoliated juvenile and immature palms produced significantly fewer leaves than control plants. In mature palms, the removal of the oldest portions of the crown increased leaf production by 30%. Complete defoliation and removal of 2/3 of the oldest leaves had the effect of reducing leaf abscission in all stages, except for seedlings. Def...
