Jorge Guzman’s research while affiliated with Columbia University and other places

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Publications (6)


Accelerating Innovation Ecosystems: The Promise and Challenges of Regional Innovation Engines
  • Article

January 2024

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20 Reads

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20 Citations

Entrepreneurship and Innovation Policy and the Economy

Jorge Guzman

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Fiona Murray

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Scott Stern

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Heidi Williams


Reprint of “The Startup Cartography Project: Measuring and mapping entrepreneurial ecosystems”

June 2022

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16 Reads

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9 Citations

Research Policy

RJ Andrews

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Catherine Fazio

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Jorge Guzman

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[...]

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Scott Stern

This paper presents the Startup Cartography Project (SCP), which offers a new set of entrepreneurial ecosystem statistics for the United States from 1988 to 2016. The SCP combines state-level business registration records with a predictive analytics approach to estimate the probability of “extreme” growth (IPO or high-value acquisition) at or near the time of founding for the population of newly-registered firms. The results highlight the ability of predictive analytics to identify high-potential start-ups at founding (using a variety of different approaches and measures). The SCP then leverages estimates of entrepreneurial quality to develop four entrepreneurial ecosystem statistics, including the rate of start-up formation, average entrepreneurial quality, the quality-adjusted quantity of entrepreneurship, and the entrepreneurial ecosystem performance associated with a given start-up “cohort.” These statistics offer sharp insight into patterns of regional entrepreneurship, the correlation of quality (but not quantity) with subsequent regional economic growth and the evolution of entrepreneurial ecosystems over time. The SCP includes both a public-access dataset at the state, MSA, county, and zip code level, as well as an interactive map, the U.S. Startup Map, that allows academic and policy users to assess entrepreneurial ecosystems at an arbitrary level of granularity (from the level of states down to individual street addresses). The SCP and accompanying datasets may be found at: https://www.startupcartography.com/.


The Startup Cartography Project: Measuring and mapping entrepreneurial ecosystems

March 2022

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38 Reads

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35 Citations

Research Policy

This paper presents the Startup Cartography Project (SCP), which offers a new set of entrepreneurial ecosystem statistics for the United States from 1988 to 2016. The SCP combines state-level business registration records with a predictive analytics approach to estimate the probability of “extreme” growth (IPO or high-value acquisition) at or near the time of founding for the population of newly-registered firms. The results highlight the ability of predictive analytics to identify high-potential start-ups at founding (using a variety of different approaches and measures). The SCP then leverages estimates of entrepreneurial quality to develop four entrepreneurial ecosystem statistics, including the rate of start-up formation, average entrepreneurial quality, the quality-adjusted quantity of entrepreneurship, and the entrepreneurial ecosystem performance associated with a given start-up “cohort.” These statistics offer sharp insight into patterns of regional entrepreneurship, the correlation of quality (but not quantity) with subsequent regional economic growth and the evolution of entrepreneurial ecosystems over time. The SCP includes both a public-access dataset at the state, MSA, county, and zip code level, as well as an interactive map, the U.S. Startup Map, that allows academic and policy users to assess entrepreneurial ecosystems at an arbitrary level of granularity (from the level of states down to individual street addresses). The SCP and accompanying datasets may be found at: https://www.startupcartography.com/.


The State of American Entrepreneurship: New Estimates of the Quantity and Quality of Entrepreneurship for 32 US States, 1988–2014

November 2020

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108 Reads

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138 Citations

American Economic Journal Economic Policy

Assessing the state of American entrepreneurship requires not simply counting the quantity but also the initial quality of new ventures. Combining comprehensive business registries and predictive analytics, we present estimates of entrepreneurial quantity and quality from 1988 to 2014. Rather than a secular pattern of declining business dynamism, our quality-adjusted measures follow a cyclical pattern sensitive to economic and capital market conditions. Consistent with the role of investment cycles as a driver of high-growth entrepreneurship, our results highlight the role of economic and institutional conditions as a driver of both initial entrepreneurial quality and the scaling of new ventures over time. (JEL G24, G32, L25, L26, M13)


The Impact of State-Level Research and Development Tax Credits on the Quantity and Quality of Entrepreneurship

April 2020

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52 Reads

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24 Citations

Economic Development Quarterly

U.S. states often cite the acceleration of start-up activity as a rationale for the research and development (R&D) tax credit. While a strong empirical base links the R&D tax credit to increased innovation, prior work provides no causal evidence that the credit effects the rate of formation and growth potential of new businesses. This article combines data from the Startup Cartography Project with the Panel Database on Incentives and Taxes to implement a difference-in-differences estimate of the impact of state R&D tax credits on the quantity and quality-adjusted quantity of entrepreneurship. The authors find that the R&D tax credit is associated with a significant long-term impact on both. In contrast, the authors observe that state investment tax credits have no impact on the quantity of entrepreneurship and lead to a marked decline in the rate of formation of growth-oriented start-ups over time. The results indicate the potential of state R&D tax credits to stimulate entrepreneurship.

Citations (6)


... 2.5 | Formal institutional affordance: regional innovation readiness Regional innovation readiness pertains to a region's capacity to leverage resources such as talents, information, and knowledge to develop new products, processes, and technologies, particularly in CGI Regions with vital innovation ecosystems provide the necessary infrastructure, networks, and policies that promote DT (Guzman et al., 2024), thus supporting innovation readiness by providing robust talent aggregation capabilities that lead to significant spillover effects (Beynon et al., 2023). Particularly noteworthy is the ability of highly skilled technology professionals within these regions to assimilate and adapt existing technologies and foster the creation of new technological solutions that drive CGI (Sun & Li, 2022). ...

Reference:

Digital transformation and corporate green innovation: An affordance theory perspective
Accelerating Innovation Ecosystems: The Promise and Challenges of Regional Innovation Engines
  • Citing Article
  • January 2024

Entrepreneurship and Innovation Policy and the Economy

... Furthermore, the concept of embedded innovation ecosystems introduces the idea of innovation deeply ingrained within specific industries or regions (Daraojimba et al., 2023). This typology recognizes the unique characteristics and challenges inherent in different sectors, emphasizing the importance of tailoring innovation approaches to the specific needs of these contexts (Guzman et al., 2023). ...

Accelerating Innovation Ecosystems: The Promise and Challenges of Regional Innovation Engines
  • Citing Article
  • January 2023

SSRN Electronic Journal

... The second sub-question to answer is the following: How does the EE affect entrepreneurs? The concept of the EE aims to nurture and expand new companies at relatively low costs to benefit from their long-term growth compared to traditional economic development incentives (Andrews et al., 2022). However, a problem remains: Does the presence of high-level entrepreneurship support in an EE truly reflect the level of support received by entrepreneurs? ...

Reprint of “The Startup Cartography Project: Measuring and mapping entrepreneurial ecosystems”
  • Citing Article
  • June 2022

Research Policy

... For a long time, the regional innovation ecosystem has been regarded as a crucial driving force for supporting the sustainable development of the national innovation system and the construction of an innovative country [5], and the development level, dynamic evolution, and connectivity density of its basic constituent elements (including the regional innovation subjects, innovation resources, and innovation environment) are closely linked to the region's achievement of innovative development and high-level technological selfreliance [6][7][8]. From the perspective of the regional innovation niche, the evaluation of and empirical research on the suitability, resilience, symbiosis, health, and operational efficiency of regional innovation ecosystem niches have become a hot research topic in academic circles at home and abroad [9][10][11], and these research perspectives have provided solid theoretical support and specific quantitative standards for exploring the overall development process of regional innovation ecosystems. ...

The Startup Cartography Project: Measuring and mapping entrepreneurial ecosystems
  • Citing Article
  • March 2022

Research Policy

... Economic geography theories (Davis & Weinstein, 1999) conceptualize ecosystem boundaries as territorial phenomena. Within this category, spatial boundaries of ecosystems are clearly defined and can span from communal or city levels (e.g., Mack & Mayer, 2016;Motoyama & Knowlton, 2017;Spigel, 2017) to regional or provincial levels (e.g., Guzman & Stern, 2020;Sternberg et al., 2019;Xu et al., 2023) to national levels (e.g., Ács et al., 2014;Radosevic & Yoruk, 2013). However, when researchers choose to define the spatial boundaries of an entrepreneurial ecosystem in territorial terms, they encounter several difficulties in incorporating sector-specific expertise, socio-economic factors, and diverse forms of formal and informal institutional support (Fischer et al., 2022;Perugini, 2023). ...

The State of American Entrepreneurship: New Estimates of the Quantity and Quality of Entrepreneurship for 32 US States, 1988–2014
  • Citing Article
  • November 2020

American Economic Journal Economic Policy

... Studies of this kind have found evidence of positive effects of tax incentives on various measures, such as the market share of new products (Czarnitzki, Hanel, & Rosa, 2011), patenting (Tian et al., 2020;Ivus et al., 2021), and the development of new products (Aralica & Botric, 2013). Company performance can also be positively influenced by fiscal policies that encourage innovation, leading to job growth (Nilsen et al., 2020), export growth (Freel, Liu, & Rammer, 2019), and more entrepreneurship (Fazio, Guzman, & Stern, 2019). On the other hand, such incentives appear not to affect productivity (Nilsen et al., 2020;Cappelen, Raknerud, & Rybalka, 2007), suggesting that this may be a limitation or challenge that needs to be addressed in the design of these policy tools. ...

The Impact of State-Level Research and Development Tax Credits on the Quantity and Quality of Entrepreneurship
  • Citing Article
  • April 2020

Economic Development Quarterly