Jonathan Calof's research while affiliated with University of Ottawa and other places
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Publications (38)
“Collective Intelligence” has been a popular area of research for more than a decade. We apply two different analytical approaches (local and global bibliometric analysis) to describe how this literature is organized and how it has evolved. A local approach focuses on the 3,138 articles indexed in the Scopus database where ‘collective intelligence’...
Since banks are competing in challenging and dynamic market environments, an anticipatory system generating futures-relevant knowledge is of primordial importance for an effective bank strategy. The objective of this research is to investigate how corporate foresight and competitive intelligence, considered as parts of an anticipatory system, creat...
Purpose
Given the importance of competitive intelligence (CI) to the economic performance of firms, understanding whether CI practice is impacted by firm size or by their awareness of CI maybe important when creating programs designed to improve firms’ CI performance. This paper aims to address this by examining the extent to which the CI practices...
The purpose of this article is to extend the Competitive
Intelligence (CI) business ecosystem concept and
measurements, as developed by our previous work, to
South Africa. The article is based on a pioneer study on the
CI business ecosystem conducted outside North America
and demonstrates how the concept and measurements are
applicable in other cou...
ABSTRACT
A great deal of information is available on international trade flows and potential
markets. Yet many exporters do not know how to identify, with adequate precision, those
markets that hold the greatest potential. Even if they have access to relevant information, the sheer volume of information often makes the analytical process complex,...
Innovation research suggests customer, competitor and market knowledge areimportant requirements for innovation. Researchers in competitive intelligence (CI) haveproposed that there should be a relationship between CI and innovation. Yet despite both fieldsrecognising the need for CI and related areas for innovation in their theories, there have no...
A great deal of information is available on international trade flows and potentialmarkets. Yet many exporters do not know how to identify, with adequate precision, thosemarkets that hold the greatest potential. Even if they have access to relevant information, thesheer volume of information often makes the analytical process complex, time-consumin...
Purpose
This paper aims to provide a detailed case study of a corporate foresight for innovation (CFI) project done by the Higher School of Economics’ (HSE) (Moscow, Russia) corporate foresight (CF) unit for a large state-owned Russian service company. It demonstrates how CFI methods lead to recommendations and how these recommendations result in d...
There are many models of foresight program delivery. This chapter looks at how a University Foresight program was used to help an aviation company become more innovative. In Russia, much foresight activity (including research, teaching, projects, consulting) is delivered by the Foresight center which is part of the Institute for Statistical Studies...
This introductory article to the special section «Innovation at Companies» focuses on how to enhance innovation performance at companies. It looks at the factors that define innovative activities at companies as well as the various kinds of corporate innovations. The author stresses importance of special training programs for managers, and suggests...
The traditional model of competitive intelligence and its operationalization in most organizations appears to be inadequate to address the intelligence challenges arising from the speed of change in the environment, increasing data complexity, and growth of international activities. To address this challenge, this article borrows concepts from open...
Purpose
With intelligence ( a field related to foresight) practice growing, the purpose of this study was to examine the practices of Canadian competitive intelligence (CI) practitioners.
Design/methodology/approach
Survey of Canadian CI practitioners who are SCIP members (Strategic and Competitive Intelligence Professional), using a revision to...
The article identifies how the combination of concepts drawn from foresight and foresight networks can be used to help open innovation. We found that foresight can support open innovation by providing analysis that looks at key open innovation questions such as those around technology selection, identifying future customer needs and scanning for di...
This article presents the results of a survey of competitive intelligence (CI) practices in European firms. In comparing the results to a similar 2006 global study and a 2006 European CI study, it appears that the breadth of applications for CI has grown well beyond competitors to include customer related intelligence, technology, market, etc. Inno...
Purpose
This paper aims to present a categorization scheme and use it to classify Canadian Government (federal and provincial) competitive intelligence (CI) programs and to also look at the impact of these programs on sectoral and regional economic development.
Design/methodology/approach
Based on the author’s 25 years of experience designing, r...
Can competitive intelligence (CI) be used to assist in regional and sectoral economic development? This article looks at intelligence initiatives (largely around training) sponsored by various government departments and agencies in Canada and their link to regional and sectoral economic development. The article provides examples of the kind of inte...
Creating industrial policy and programmes especially in technology is fraught with high levels of uncertainty. These programmes target the development of products that will not be sold for several years and one of the risks is that the products will no longer be in demand or have been overtaken by more advanced technologies. In several cases, the a...
This case study uses multiple lines of enquiry to better understand how Nortel went from being a 'global powerhouse' at the turn of the century to filing for bankruptcy just nine years later. It tracks competitive intelligence as well as other environmental awareness capabilities of the company and theorizes on how they have contributed to its rise...
Creating industrial policy and programmes, especially in technology, is fraught with high levels of uncertainty. These programmes target the development of products that will not be sold for several years; therefore, one of the risks is that the products will no longer be in demand or will have been over-taken by more advanced technologies. In seve...
The following paper examines the relationship between diversity measured in this paper as immigrants and export attitudes. After analyzing the results of interviews and attitude questionnaires administered to 76 managers, it was concluded that diversity is associated with more advanced export attitudes. Given the positive relationship between these...
In this study, we explore organizational failure through a process view of the demise of a large, publicly traded organization. Through a combination of surveys, semi-structured interviews and reviews of archival data, we found that inherent financial weaknesses led to rapid downsizing when the company was faced with external shocks. This downsizin...
Purpose
– The aim of this article and special issue is to propose a framework for foresight impacts on policy and decision making. The need to identify direct impacts, measure them and identify the factors that lead to impact is the primary objective of the special issue and, as outlined in the article, represents a critical addition to the foresig...
Purpose – This article aims to focus on how to ensure that Future-Oriented Technology Assessment (FTA) activities have an impact on decision-making. On the basis of the extensive experience of the authors, this article seeks to offer suggestions regarding the factors that may help policy makers, academics, consultants, and others involved in FTA pr...
This paper reports on an integrated research program involving three related studies that examined successful foresight programs.
It analyzes the key factors that appear to determine whether or not foresight, once launched by a government, can be successful.
The study was performed by a team of researchers in Canada in the period 2005–2007. It foun...
R&D takes years to come to fruition, thus choosing R&D programs should be set in the context of the environment that will exist at the time that research is completed. Foresight and competitive intelligence are two fields that seek to address future oriented environmental scanning. The paper looks at what the domains of foresight and competitive in...
Purpose
The article traces the origins of the competitive intelligence fields and identifies both the practitioner, academic and inter‐disciplinary views on CI practice. An examination of the literature relating to the field is presented, including the identification of the linear relationship which CI has with marketing and strategic planning acti...
Purpose
The paper seeks to explore competitive intelligence as a complex business construct and as a precedent for marketing strategy formulation.
Design/methodology/approach
In total, 1,025 executives were surveyed about their companies' usage of competitive intelligence collection, analysis, and dissemination as well as their perception concerni...
Purpose
Seeks to examine three empirical studies carried out in Canada, the UK and Europe with comparisons drawn on their approach and findings.
Design/methodology/approach
The studies were compared using a framework, developed by the authors, along four central elements and two influencing drivers.
Findings
Little measurement consistency or outp...
Citations
... Furthermore, developing the CI BoK and a common language should facilitate intra-, cross-and multi-disciplinary research involving CI and related disciplines. Some noteworthy examples are the foundational contribution to Collective Intelligence research, as defined by Mulgan [157] and Calof et al. [158]; the alignment and cross-pollination with Social Intelligence (SI) [159][160][161][162][163][164]; the empowerment of insights through collaboration [165] and knowledge advancement in decision sciences [166][167][168]. ...
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... Madureira et al. [30] identified over 800. Since then, in exactly 2 years, we identified 26 new CItermed definitions originated in various types of literature and fields of study: CI [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44], Technology [45], Big Data Analytics [9], Entrepreneurship [46], National Intelligence [47], Library and Information Science [48], Economics and Finance [49,50] and Social Media [51]. The myriad of narrow scope definitions provides incomplete and overlapping perspectives of the CI construct across its five dimensions -the 5Ps [30]. ...
... Websites can thus provide customers, investors or suppliers with information relevant to a wide range of topics: from the values a firm professes and the main products it supplies to actual data on finances, employment, etc. [77,78]. Thus, business website information is widely employed as a source of competitive intelligence (see for example [79,80]). It can also be applied in social research, as noted in modern methodology guides (for example, see the chapter "e-Research: Internet Research Methods" in Bryman (2012) [81]). ...
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... На развитие бизнесэкосистем, в этом случае, существенное влияние оказывает формирование конкурентной разведки. Эмпирическое исследование экосистем Южной Африки продемонстрировало успешность развития бизнеса при своевременном и постоянном изучении конкурентов фирмы -ядра экосистемы (Kuhn et al., 2020). Отметим, что при экономической интеграции фирм более развитые экосистемы формируются у крупных предприятий, где количество конкурентов невелико (Jumasseitova, Potluri, 2020). ...
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... Under the constant collision of these different technologies, blockchain technology has emerged. And with the continuous research on the blockchain in the academic world, it has been trying to apply it to other fields according to its characteristics and has produced considerable repercussions, for example, in various financial services such as digital assets, remittances, and online payments [14]. Furthermore, it can be applied in other fields including smart contracts, public services, reputation systems, and security services [15]. ...
... Big Data [5][6][7]52], Data Science [53,54], Market Research [55,56]), to information (e.g. Big Data Analytics [8,9,57,58], Information Science [10,16,17,59]), to insight (e.g. Competitive Insight [60,61], Futures & Foresight Science [62][63][64]), to intelligence (e.g. ...
... The innovation measure of the study received 420 responses. Ten percent of respondents said their organizations were innovators and change agents in their industry, while 31% said they dealt with industry change above average, 46% said they dealt with environmental change on scale with the norm, and 13% said their businesses performed below average (Calof and Swedass, 2020). The authors pointed out that, given the variety of answers to the innovation question and the volume of responses, it is possible to evaluate the aspects of intelligence connected to the operationalization of CI in the study using this rich base of data. ...
... • идентификации и вербализации глобальных трендов и слабых сигналов [Gomes et al., 2017;Kaivo-oja, Lauraeus, 2018]; • формирования эффективной стратегии [Ruff, 2006;Ruff, 2015;Ahlqvist, Kohl, 2016] и интеграции в систему принятия решений на базе технологических дорожных карт [Phaal, Farrukh, Probert, 2013;Weber, Sailer, Katzy, 2015;Vishnevskiy, Meissner, Karasev, 2015;Vishnevskiy, Karasev, 2016;Linton, Walsh, 2016]; • повышения инновационной активности [De Moor et al., 2014;Adegbile, Sarpong, Meissner, 2017;Yoon et al., 2018]; • создания ценности [Lockwood, 2004;Thom, 2010;Vecchiato, 2015a] и коммуникации внутри компании [Reger, 2001]; • выхода на зарубежные рынки [Højland, Rohrbeck; и оптимизации взаимодействия с внешней средой [Vecchiato, 2012;Calof, Meissner, Razheva, 2018], включая контрагентов [Hege, Boman, 2015; Khripunova et al., 2014]; • проведения конкурентной разведки [Calof, Richards, Smith, 2015;Calof, Rubén, Sewdass, 2020a;Sewdass, Calof, 2020]. В табл. 1 приведен перечень классических работ в области корпоративного форсайта. ...
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... These newer approaches characterized by the willingness to exploit CF benefits by applying them in different contexts such as product development, innovation management, or organizational change (Marinkovic et al., 2022). Strategic foresight is an important process to identify the activities, processes that help decision-makers chart a course for the organization's future work, examine the flexibility of current policies to future circumstances, identify consequences, and develop actions that enhance the situation desirable, within a participatory approach that considers all stakeholders use through Quantitative, qualitative, and cognitive methods, reading the past and present, study the environment surrounding the organization, build Scenarios, and development of strategic alternatives (Calof et al., 2020). Building scenarios is one of the most common used methods of strategic foresight, and through which more than one scenario is developed for the proposed alternatives, and as companies face the modern world, a lot of challenges that It require a future vision, and more foresight, the construction of scenarios can help explore, interpret and bring about change (Al-Ajeeb & Al-Najjar, 2021). ...
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... In today's diverse and global competitive climate, product and service innovation is beco ming more important, largely due to three major trends: concentrated international competition, disjointed and demanding environments, and varying and quickly evolving technology (Calof, 2018). Hamelink and Opdenakker (2019) indicate that companies practice innovation to meet customer needs and expectations. ...
