Joke Kokkonen’s research while affiliated with Brigham Young University–Hawaii and other places

... and untrained participants (Cohen's d: 0.06-0.49) [63][64][65]. However, none of the studies included both trained and untrained participants and directly compared the ergogenic effects of caffeine among these populations, which future studies may consider performing. ...

Reference:

Effects of Caffeine on Resistance Exercise: A Review of Recent Research

... Additionally, a reduction in blood glucose clearance was seen following ingestion of melatonin (31). Changes in human exercise substrate utilization with exogenous melatonin, however, are poorly understood with only Sanders et al. (36) reporting that blood glucose levels during graded exercise were higher following the ingestion of melatonin. ...

Reference:

A Pre-Exercise Dose of Melatonin Can Alter Substrate Use During Exercise

... Time to exhaustion during high-intensity cycle ergometer exercise was appreciably extended (17%) by high doses of oral lactate [5]. More recently, other commercially available supplements containing lactate have been shown to have unappreciable effects on skeletal muscle endurance during resistance exercise [37,38] but interpretation pertaining to lactate supplementation per se was complicated by the addition of other potentially active ingredients. ...

Reference:

The Influence of Acute Oral Lactate Supplementation on Responses to Cycle Ergometer Exercise: A Randomized, Crossover Pilot Clinical Trial

... Furthermore, increased metabolic activity accompanying passive muscle stretching is related to the GLUT-4 activation pathway. Therefore, passive muscle stretching could induce the incorporation of GLUT-4 into the stretched skeletal muscles (15,16). ...

Reference:

Active versus Passive Stretching Exercises on Blood Glucose and Functional Capacity in Elderly Diabetic Patients: Comparative Study

... The American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) describes flexibility as one of the most important components of physical fitness [13]. Stretching is a non-pharmacological, low-intensity activity that can improve vascular function for those with cardiovascular disorders and chronic fatigue disorders and elicits a lower metabolic demand compared to moderate or vigorous aerobic exercise [14][15][16]. Planned exercise therapy to strengthen weakened muscle or to increase joint flexibility is often included as part of a treatment program for patients with chronic fatigue and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), a common condition that remains difficult to diagnose and manage. Some of the current challenges include an absence of diagnostic markers and differing diagnostic criteria [17]. ...

Reference:

Changes in the Allostatic Response to Whole-Body Cryotherapy and Static-Stretching Exercises in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Patients vs. Healthy Individuals

... Melatonin is an indoleamine produced by the pineal gland in humans (Ackermann and Stehle, 2006;Arendt, 2006;Zawilska et al., 2006). Its regulation is impacted by dark-light and both seasonal, and lunar cycles (Arendt and Broadway, 1987;Dergaa et al., 2019;Dergaa et al., 2021b;, Nelson et al., 2015). Melatonin secretion decreases progressively with advancing age, resulting in a reduction in sleep duration (Iguchi et al., 1982). ...

Reference:

Can melatonin reduce the severity of post-COVID-19 syndrome?

... A variety of stretching methods have been reported to increase range of movement (RoM) (2). Range of movement has been shown to increase with both static and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching regimens (13,17,18,20,19,22,25,27,30); however, there is debate about which method is the most effective (14,18). Many of the studies have focused exclusively upon RoM and not on the effect of changing RoM on running mechanics. ...

Reference:

The Effect of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation and Static Stretch Training on Running Mechanics

... Static stretching (SS) increases ROM [11][12][13] and may limit strength, maximum force, running velocity, balance or sprint performance, with an average reduction in performance of 3.7% 16 . Studies have shown that acute SS reduced force production 17 ; sprint performance 18,19 ; depth jump performance; vertical jump height; long jump distance 20,21 ; strength endurance 22 ; and balance, reaction, and movement times 23 . Consequently, Dynamic stretching (DS) has a minor effect on flexibility, but may well increase muscular strength with an average improvement in performance of 1.3% 24,25 . ...

Reference:

Flexibility responses to different stretching methods in young elite basketball players

... In other words, how much stretching does it take before gains in muscular performance are realized? Recent research into the deleterious effects of preexercise stretching suggests that as little as one 30-second stretch can lead to a reduction in maximal strength in an acute sense (31). Could the reverse be true for chronic stretching? ...

Reference:

Early-Phase Resistance Training Strength Gains in Novice Lifters Are Enhanced by Doing Static Stretching

... Consequently, 41 eligible studies were included for the fulltext screening. Finally, 13 articles were considered to be included in this SRMA, involving 277 participants [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49]. Figure 1 displays the information concerning the PRISMA flow diagram. ...

Reference:

Effects of Creatine Monohydrate on Endurance Performance in a Trained Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis