Jeremy Rolfe’s research while affiliated with New Zealand Department of Conservation and other places

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Publications (32)


Figure 1. New Zealand Threat Classification System structure of Townsend et al. (2008).
Figure 2. Revised (2022) structure of the New Zealand Threat Classification System.
Codes used in New Zealand Threat Classification System assessments. INC = increasing, DECR = decreasing, MATIND = number of mature individuals, AREA = area of occupancy, SUBPOP = total number of sub-populations.
New Zealand Threat Classification System manual 2022 Part 1: Assessments
  • Technical Report
  • Full-text available

July 2024

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351 Reads

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1 Citation

Jeremy Rolfe

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Janice Molloy

The New Zealand Threat Classification System (NZTCS) provides a tool for assessing the extinction risk for taxa based on the estimated sizes of and forecasted changes to their populations. This revision of the 2008 system includes removal of the conservation status At Risk – Relict; the modification of At Risk – Naturally Uncommon to include all taxa that meet its population size and trend criteria, regardless of whether their condition is natural; and the re-labelling of At Risk – Recovering A and At Risk – Recovering B into Threatened – Nationally Increasing and At Risk – Recovering, respectively. Changes to qualifiers that were implemented in 2019 are also documented, including the replacement of Data Poor by Data Poor Recognition (DPR), Data Poor Size (DPS) and Data Poor Trend (DPT); the redefinition and renaming of Sparse to Biologically Sparse (Sp); and the introduction of two new qualifiers to complement each of Secure Overseas (SO) and Threatened Overseas (TO), reflecting uncertainty about the state of taxa overseas. Seven new qualifiers have also been added: Climate Impact (CI), Conservation Research Needed (CR), Naturalised Overseas (NO), Natural State (NS), Possibly Extinct (PE), Population Fragmentation (PF) and Relict (Rel). Finally, criteria codes have been modified to include values for population state, trend and size, resulting in a unique code for every possible assessment of resident native taxa. This manual provides guidance on how to use the NZTCS and outlines the processes by which candidate taxa and taxonomically unresolved entities will be assessed. It replaces all previous NZTCS manuals. The NZTCS is due for review in 2032, or sooner if required.

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Conservation status of parasitic mites and ticks (Acari) in New Zealand, 2021

February 2022

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105 Reads

The conservation status of 211 parasitic (on animals only) mite and tick (Acari) taxa was assessed using the New Zealand Threat Classification System (NZTCS). A list is presented, along with a statistical summary and brief notes on the most important changes. This list replaces all previous NZTCS lists for parasitic mites and ticks.





Analysis of the conservation status of New Zealand freshwater invertebrates: temporal changes, knowledge gaps, impediments, and management implications

July 2020

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87 Reads

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8 Citations

New Zealand Journal of Zoology

The 2018 conservation status assessment of freshwater invertebrate taxa was the most comprehensive to date. Of the Threatened and At Risk taxa in 2018 (177 taxa), 48 were listed as Nationally Critical, 14 as Nationally Endangered, 16 as Nationally Vulnerable, 10 as Declining, and 89 as Naturally Uncommon. Most taxa were listed as either Not Threatened (315 taxa) or required more information for assessment (Data Deficient; 178 taxa). Analyses of temporal changes in conservation status since 2002 revealed that the majority of changes were due to greater understanding of taxa distributions, rather than gains or losses in population sizes or area of occupancy. Insufficient data on taxa distributions, along with a lack of autecological information, are two of the major knowledge gaps facing freshwater invertebrate conservation in New Zealand. Further impediments to conservation include (i) a lack of systematics research, (ii) a large number of species remain undiscovered and undescribed, and (iii) the status and trend of populations is unknown for most taxa. We also provide an analysis of the habitats that harbour many of the rarer taxa. Finally, we conclude by recommending a number of actions that should, collectively, help fill these knowledge gaps and address these issues.


Conservation status of New Zealand hor nworts, 2020.
Conservation status of New Zealand hornworts and liverworts, 2020

June 2020

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862 Reads

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1 Citation

The conservation status of 770 New Zealand hornwort and liverwort taxa was assessed using the New Zealand Threat Classification System (NZTCS). A full list is presented, along with a statistical summary and brief notes on the most important changes. This list replaces all previous NZTCS lists for hornworts and liverworts.




Figure 2. The previously Data Deficient Caloplaca allanii has been assessed as Threatened-Nationally Critical based on improved knowledge as more people become aware of lichens and lichen conservation. Photo: Dan Blanchon.
Table 2 continued NAME AND AUTHORITY FAMILY Psorotichia schaereri (A.Massal.) Arnold Lichinaceae Pyrenula filiformis Aptroot Pyrenulaceae Ramalina leiodea (Nyl.) Nyl. Ramalinaceae Ramalina microspora Kremp. Ramalinaceae Ramalina ovalis Hook.f. & Taylor Ramalinaceae Ramalodium succulentum Nyl. Pannariaceae Rhizocarpon simillimum (Anzi) Lettau Rhizocarpaceae Rinodinella fertilis var. fertilis (Körb.) Elix Physciaceae Rinodinella fertilis var. hyposticta (Körb.) Elix Physciaceae
Conservation status of New Zealand indigenous lichens and lichenicolous fungi, 2018

December 2018

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1,726 Reads

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3 Citations

The conservation status of all known New Zealand lichen and lichenicolous fungus taxa was reassessed using the New Zealand Threat Classification System (NZTCS). The names of 176 taxa have changed, 233 taxa have been added to the list and 10 have been removed from it since the 2010 assessment, making a total of 2026 taxa listed in this report. Assessments have been completed for 91 taxa that were previously Data Deficient. Of these, 1 was assessed as Threatened – Nationally Critical, 82 were At Risk – Naturally Uncommon and 8 Not Threatened. However, 19 taxa that were previously assessed At Risk – Naturally Uncommon or Not Threatened are now assessed as Data Deficient. Of the newly added taxa, 211 are also assessed as Data Deficient. Other changes include 8 taxa that were previously assessed as Naturally Uncommon, which now have a worse status: 1 Threatened – Nationally Endangered, 2 Threatened – Nationally Vulnerable, and 5 At Risk – Declining. Of 9 taxa that were previously assessed as Not Threatened, 2 are now Declining and 8 are now Naturally Uncommon. An improved status has been assessed for 7 taxa: 2 that were previously assessed as Nationally Endangered are now Nationally Vulnerable, and 5 that were previously Naturally Uncommon are now Not Threatened. The majority of the lichenised mycobiota indigenous to New Zealand remain poorly known. However, the need for further biosystematic investigation is hampered by the lack of New Zealand lichen expertise. A full list of New Zealand’s lichenised mycobiota (as of August 2018) is presented, along with a statistical summary and brief notes on the most important changes. This list replaces all previous NZTCS lists for lichens.


Citations (22)


... It is thought to feed on arthropods attracted to the extensive bird guano on the islands. A recent conservation assessment by Sirvid et al. (2020) considers the species at risk, with sea level rise a potential threat for a spider endemic to such a small archipelago. These spiders are rarely collected due to the remoteness of these islands, but they are also noted to be generally uncommon (Sirvid et al 2020, Vink et al., 2024. ...

Reference:

Mystery on the Bounty: The family-level status of Pacificana cockayni Hogg, 1904 (Araneae)
Conservation status of New Zealand Araneae (spiders), 2020

... • Managing pressures in freshwater habitats: Five main knowledge gaps and limitations to freshwater species management have already been comprehensively described by Drinan et al. (2020). The same knowledge gaps were captured in this analysis for freshwater fishes and invertebrates. ...

Analysis of the conservation status of New Zealand freshwater invertebrates: temporal changes, knowledge gaps, impediments, and management implications
  • Citing Article
  • July 2020

New Zealand Journal of Zoology

... (Bell 1978). Currently, the species' known populations are restricted to the Coromandel Forest Park (including Wharekirauponga south of the Coromandel Peninsula) and Whareorino Forest in the North Island of New Zealand where they occasionally occur sympatrically with L. hochstetteri (Bell 1989;Bell 1994;Bishop et al. 2013;Burns et al. 2018), plus a translocated population in Pureora Forest Park, Waikato (Cisternas 2019). Leiopelma archeyi is predominantly nocturnal (Bell 1978;Cree 1989) and previous studies have observed notable increases in their likelihood of emergence from underground refuge sites during wet and humid weather (Bell 1978;Cree 1989;Hotham 2019). ...

Conservation status of New Zealand amphibians, 2017.

... In addition, pōhutukawa is under severe threat from the arrival of myrtle rust (Austropuccinia psidii (G. Winter) Beenken) [49,50] making the collection of data about its associated species critical. In this study, we present information on the species composition, richness and spatial characteristics of lichens present in 20 sampling sites in the Auckland Region in New Zealand to examine whether planted pōhutukawa in a range of ecological settings can host specific lichen assemblages, and whether this is influenced by habitat quality, anthropogenic pressures or other environmental factors. ...

Conservation status of New Zealand indigenous lichens and lichenicolous fungi, 2018

... All species are diurnal. Conservation status as per Hitchmough, et al. [33] and habitat information from Purdie [44]. Fieldwork was conducted within Oteake Conservation Park, Central Otago, New Zealand and on private land near Little Mount Ida. ...

Conservation status of New Zealand reptiles, 2015

... Hector's dolphin (Cephalorhynchus hectori) is a coastal delphinid, endemic to Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ). They are classified as threatened by the NZ Threat Classification System (NZTCS; Baker et al. 2019) and endangered by the IUCN (Reeves et al. 2013). Genetic information for this species has been collected using a combination of methods including tissue from dead specimens, skin swabs, and biopsy samples accumulated across decades (Pichler et al. 1998;Pichler 2001;Hamner et al. 2012). ...

Conservation status of New Zealand marine mammals, 2013

... Senecio carnosulus always has radiate flower heads, usually longer involucral bracts ((5-)5.5-9 vs. 2.8-6.5 mm), leaves that have a similar length but that are usually wider ((5-)15-45 vs. up to 23.4 mm wide), and a lower chromosome number (2n = 80 vs. 2n = 100) (Webb et al. 1988;de Lange et al. 2015). Senecio lautus almost always has radiate flower heads, has an annual or short-lived perennial instead of perennial life history strategy, sometimes has fewer involucral bracts ((8-)10-13(-15) vs. 10-21), and its chromosome number is 2n = 40 (vs. ...

Senecio esperensis (Asteraceae: Senecioneae) - A new combination for the L'Esperance Rock groundsel, Kermadec Islands

New Zealand Journal of Botany

... It was done at different scales: species level [17], genus level [18], and country-wide [19]. Going one step beyond scale-wise, Buckley et al. [20] published a systematized evaluation of the conservation status of New Zealand earthworms, establishing a template for further research in other countries and biogeographic regions. Due to its special status as a flagship species, the Giant Gippsland earthworm Megascolides australis has been the subject of particularly detailed conservation research [21,22], leading to a fully-fledged National Recovery Plan [23]. ...

Conservation status of New Zealand earthworms, 2014

... The remaining author of the NZ Orchid Key is Wellington-based Department of Conservation (DOC) botanist and photographer Jeremy Rolfe who contributed orchid images from his extensive collection. Jeremy has co-authored two books on native orchids with Peter de Lange, also of DOC (de Lange et al., 2007;Rolfe and de Lange, 2010), and an identification guide to Gastrodia (Rolfe, 2015). ...

Wild Orchids of the Lower North Island: Field guide 2007

... To that limited tropical component Beever et al. (1996) added Cyclodictyon blumeanum (Fig. 14), first collected by C.J. West in 1994, and which is confined in the New Zealand Botanical Region to Raoul Island. They also reaffirmed Ectropothecium sandwichense (Fig. 11) (which is otherwise known only as a very uncommon moss from northern New Zealand and the Chatham Islands (see Beever et al. 1992;de Lange & Rolfe 2011;). As noted above, they also reluctantly accepted the widespread tropical Calymperes graeffeanum, on the basis that the Kermadec islands had yet to be critically explored by a bryologist, and that being an inconspicuous moss it was easily overlooked. ...

Vascular Flora of Maungaraho Rock Scenic Reserve