January 2017
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107 Reads
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3 Citations
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January 2017
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107 Reads
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3 Citations
October 2016
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179 Reads
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31 Citations
Review of European Community and International Environmental Law
Fences, walls and other barriers are proliferating along international borders on a global scale. These border fences not only affect people, but can also have unintended but important consequences for wildlife, inter alia by curtailing migrations and other movements, by fragmenting populations and by causing direct mortality, for instance through entanglement. Large carnivores and large herbivores are especially vulnerable to these impacts. This article analyses the various impacts of border fences on wildlife around the world from a law and policy perspective, focusing on international wildlife law in particular. Relevant provisions from a range of global and regional legal instruments are identified and analysed, with special attention for the Bonn Convention on Migratory Species and the European Union Habitats Directive.
March 2015
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75 Reads
... 75 It may just be possible to argue that in certain circumstances Article 16(1) can provide a basis for actively maintaining large carnivores in particular areas at lower densities than would 'naturally' exist, whether in the species' own interest (Article 16(1)(a)), to prevent serious damage to livestock (Article 16(1)(b)), for 'imperative reasons of overriding public interest' (Article 16(1)(c)) or on the basis of Article 16(1)(e). 76 However, this is likely to require creative legal reasoning in combination with very strong evidence demonstrating the necessity of the approach in question, including a lack of satisfactory alternatives, and the absence of negative impacts on conservation statusand even then the odds of such an approach being approved by the CJEU appear uncertain. In this connection, it is important to recall the observations above regarding the relative ineffectiveness of (unfenced) small-scale LDAs, and the various potential adverse impacts of LDAs on large carnivores' population status. ...
January 2017
... These structures are widely recognized for their substantial impact on wildlife and ecosystems (Hovick et al. 2014;Jakes et al. 2018). The installation of fences can impede the movement, dispersal, and immigration of individuals or populations, which is critical for the survival of wildlife populations (Benitez-Lopez et al. 2010;Huijser et al. 2015;Trouwborst et al. 2016). Such barriers can lead to habitat fragmentation, population decline, and ecological disturbances, with far-reaching consequences for ecosystems (Dennis et al. 2013;Soh et al. 2019;McInturff et al. 2020). ...
October 2016
Review of European Community and International Environmental Law