Jeffrey M Drazen’s research while affiliated with Harvard Medical School and other places

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Publications (698)


Making Long-Term Oxygen Therapy Less Burdensome
  • Article

September 2024

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10 Reads

The New-England Medical Review and Journal

Darren B Taichman

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Jeffrey M Drazen

Epithelial cells crowded out in asthma

April 2024

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75 Reads

Science

Bronchoconstriction causes epithelial cell extrusion that promotes airway inflammation







Leukotriene receptors in GtoPdb v.2023.1
  • Article
  • Full-text available

April 2023

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84 Reads

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1 Citation

IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology CITE

The leukotriene receptors (nomenclature as agreed by the NC-IUPHAR subcommittee on Leukotriene Receptors [35, 38]) are activated by the endogenous ligands leukotrienes (LT), synthesized from lipoxygenase metabolism of arachidonic acid. The human BLT1 receptor is the high affinity LTB4 receptor whereas the BLT2 receptor in addition to being a low-affinity LTB4 receptor also binds several other lipoxygenase-products, such as 12S-HETE, 12S-HPETE, 15S-HETE, and the thromboxane synthase product 12-hydroxyheptadecatrienoic acid. The BLT receptors mediate chemotaxis and immunomodulation in several leukocyte populations and are in addition expressed on non-myeloid cells, such as vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells. In addition to BLT receptors, LTB4 has been reported to bind to the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) α [201] and the vanilloid TRPV1 ligand-gated nonselective cation channel [223]. The crystal structure of the BLT1 receptor was initially determined in complex with selective antagonists [141, 231] and has recently been extended to the cryo-electron microscopy structure of LTB4-bound human BLT1 receptor at 2.91 Å resolution [389]. The receptors for the cysteinyl-leukotrienes (i.e. LTC4, LTD4 and LTE4) are termed CysLT1 and CysLT2 and exhibit distinct expression patterns in human tissues, mediating for example smooth muscle cell contraction, regulation of vascular permeability, and leukocyte activation. Quite recently, the the crystal structures of both receptors have been solved, the CysLT1 in complex with zafirlukast and pranlukast [203] and the CysLT2 in complex with three dual CysLT1/CysLT2 antagonists [122]. There is also evidence in the literature for additional CysLT receptor subtypes, derived from functional in vitro studies, radioligand binding and in mice lacking both CysLT1 and CysLT2 receptors [38]. Cysteinyl-leukotrienes have also been suggested to signal through the P2Y12 receptor [99, 251, 280], GPR17 [60] and GPR99 [173].

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Citations (78)


... Nonetheless, it could preclude the types of evidence syntheses and meta-analyses required to advance the field. Other areas that may benefit from greater standardization either in study design or reporting include trial preregistration [57]; greater harmonization of data formats; and providing adequate descriptions of data, devices, and software (eg, versions and operating systems). ...

Reference:

Utility of Consumer-Grade Wearable Devices for Inferring Physical and Mental Health Outcomes in Severe Mental Illness: Systematic Review
Trials of AI Interventions Must Be Preregistered
  • Citing Article
  • March 2024

NEJM AI

... 6 Complementing doctors' intelligence with Artificial Intelligence to enhance patient care and augment clinical practice is a useful trend. 7 Digital health technology for improving access to care is a promising field with favourable potentials. ...

To do no harm — and the most good — with AI in health care
  • Citing Article
  • February 2024

Nature Medicine

... Therefore, to prepare for a future where generative AI is integrated into nursing practice and education [10], it is crucial to understand the interaction between humans and generative AI, including the impact of input file formats. ...

To Do No Harm — and the Most Good — with AI in Health Care
  • Citing Article
  • February 2024

NEJM AI

... Indeed, in Spring 2024, a Lung Alliance Netherlands survey (n=640) revealed that 4.5% of healthcare professionals reported severe patient complications, such as emergency department visits and hospital admissions, linked to salbutamol pMDI unavailability [9]. For inhaled respiratory medicines in particular, recent environmental policy could inadvertently restrict the diversification of drug supply chains, and thus increase the risk of their unavailability [10]. Policymakers have called for restrictions on the use of F-gases (fluorinated gases that have global warming potential (GWP)) and per-and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS; "forever chemicals" that are highly persistent environmental substances) as propellants in pMDIs [11]. ...

Global access and patient safety in the transition to environmentally friendly respiratory inhalers: the Global Initiative for Asthma perspective
  • Citing Article
  • July 2023

The Lancet

... Finally, while AI holds great promise in clinical decision support, it's essential to address potential risks and ethical concerns. Recent studies have highlighted several critical considerations [80,81]: (1) The risk of AI systems perpetuating or amplifying existing healthcare disparities if trained on biased datasets, (2) The potential for overreliance on AI recommendations leading to decreased clinical autonomy and judgment, (3) The challenge of maintaining transparency in AI decision-making processes, particularly with complex 'black box' algorithms, and (4) The need for clear accountability frameworks when AI systems contribute to clinical decisions. These concerns necessitate careful implementation strategies that prioritize patient safety, maintain physician autonomy, and ensure equitable care delivery. ...

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Clinical Medicine, 2023
  • Citing Article
  • March 2023

The New-England Medical Review and Journal

... 113 Additionally, applying artificial intelligence to this data can further drive innovation. 114 However, critical studies [115][116][117] raise concerns about the ethical implications of commodifying health information, emphasizing that healthcare innovation operates within an ethically sensitive area. There are concerns about privacy and security, emphasizing the need for stringent measures to protect sensitive health information from breaches and misuse. ...

Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
  • Citing Article
  • March 2023

The New-England Medical Review and Journal

... 34 Nonetheless, scarce investigation on the implication of genetic determinants of COPD on lung function throughout childhood, adolescence, and adulthood had been conducted in individuals born term before the present study. 36 PRSs for lung function have been linked to a higher risk for the development of COPD in adults from different ancestry groups. 17,[28][29][30][31]35 There is a substantial overlap between genetic markers of lung function and COPD, mostly given the key contribution of spirometry measurements to the current criteria for a COPD diagnosis. ...

Genes, Environment, and Loss of Lung Function in Premature Infants
  • Citing Article
  • February 2023

NEJM Evidence

... study. 24 The asthma diagnosis was confirmed by a pediatric allergist. To be eligible, the children had no history of cardiac or pulmonary disease including cystic fibrosis and should have no history of recent antibiotic usage (during the past 2 months) or any probiotic consumption for 2 weeks. ...

Key recommendations for primary care from the 2022 Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) update

npj Primary Care Respiratory Medicine

... Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are currently considered the mainstay treatment for asthma. Historically, recommended treatment for mild asthma was as-needed (AN) with inhaled short-acting β2-agonists (SABA) prescribed on symptom presentation [1]. Nevertheless, frequent exacerbations and deaths have still been reported in approximately one-third of patients [2,3]. ...

Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Strategy 2021 – Executive summary and rationale for key changes
  • Citing Article
  • October 2021

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology In Practice

... 5 Asthma is treated with specific medications and, according to international and national recommendations, begins in a stepwise manner. [6][7][8][9] Asthma is associated with increased risks for perinatal mortality, preterm birth, low birthweight, fetal growth restriction (SGA), and asphyxia, but why and by what mechanism remains unclear. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Several mechanisms have been proposed relating to hypoxia, the effects of asthma medications, offsprings' DNA methylation changes, or similarities in hyperreactivity of uterine and bronchial muscle function. ...

Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Strategy 2021 – Executive summary and rationale for key changes

Archivos de Bronconeumología