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... Por ello, la comunicación política se vincula con la creación, modelamiento, diseminación y procesamiento informativo de mensajes por parte de una multiplicidad de actores que utilizan una variedad de canales para difundir sus ideas. Se enlaza con la transmisión de intereses y demandas ciudadanas, la legitimación simbólica de la autoridad y la clarificación de las distintas alternativas dentro de la constitución de las políticas (Blumler, 2017). ...
February 2015
... Ky proces transformon formacionet politike, mediat dhe vetë elektoratin (Plasser, 2002). Edhe autorë të tjerë të rëndësishëm të fushës si Blumler et al (1996) apo Scammell (1998) i konsiderojnë Shtetet e Bashkuara të Amerikës si një model që ndiqet në formën e teknikave elektorale. ...
January 1996
... In essence, entertainment is defined as something enjoyable or pleasurable that holds their attention for the time the entertaining object or occasion is perceived (Stebbins, 2007;Vorderer, 2001). In communication science, entertainment and information factors are an essential function of television media and education (Blumler & Nossiter, 1991;Holtz-Bacha & Norris, 2001;Maulana & Fatmawati, 2018). But interestingly, the FGD participants in this study placed the educational aspect in fourth place, even though they often discussed the need for television stations to have educational value in their television programs. ...
July 1991
... The regulations in Germany did not allow any private TV stations in the beginning of 1980s. The first private TV station in Germany was PKS (Programmgesellschaft für Kabel-und Satellitenrundfunk), which started broadcasting on the January 1, 1984 but, as a cable TV channel, it was only available to around 1200 households in the cities of Ludwigshafen and Munich [26]. A year later, it was renamed Sat 1, the name under which it still operates today. ...
July 1991
... The most common form for its financing in Western countries, the licence fee, was already described more than 50 years ago as 'logical', 'more eqitable than the alternatives' and potentially 'easily adjustable' to changing circumstances, yet 'politically impossible' because it is 'generally unpopular' (Coase 1966). Ideological, political, economic and transnational pressures have been noted to influence changes in public broadcasting financing policy incurred by changes in technology dictating a constant need for reevaluation (Blumler and Nossiter 1991). Most recently, different countries have chosen different paths to meet the challenge of new media: Sweden by extending the fee to more devices than just radio and television, the Netherlands, by transitioning to support from the state budget, the UK by significantly lowering the fee, and Germany and Finland by replacing the fee with an 'excise tax' collected from all citizens (Herzog and Karppinen 2014). ...
July 1991
... Schlesinger, 1987). In reciprocal models, the relationship between sources and journalists is described as a process of exchange and ongoing social relationship, in which the gathering of information is not a single event but the result of complex interactions between the two actors (Blumler & Gurevitch, 1981). This process of "finding the truth" is described as epistemology of news reporting, which is defined by rules and routines that operate within a social setting, and determines how journalists obtain their knowledge (Ekström, 2002). ...
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April 2023
... Additionally, using AI in deliberative formats introduces a new deliberative divide. Traditional deliberative formats already face the challenge of motivating and recruiting people with low political interest and low cognitive propensity for deliberation (Coleman & Blumler, 2009;Landemore, 2020). Our findings show that AI-enabled deliberation introduces another deliberative divide -one driven by people's attitudes toward AI. ...
June 2012
... Precisely, the last one is a very important section considering that the preferred means of communication for monitoring this type of information, especially during electoral periods, continues to be television (Blumler, Thoveron, & Cayrol, 1978;Martínez-Pandiani, 2006). Supporting this idea, Holgado (2003) remarks the fundamental role played by the media in the transmission of electoral information, so that citizens can exercise their right to vote freely and rationally (p. ...
January 1978
... For this reason, the endeavour of archiving isiXhosa written materials requires institutions whose muscles can gather the body of documentary materials that have been produced by isiXhosa language speakers or those that are versed in the language. It must further be argued that digital resources provide an opportunity for improved preservation and access to isiXhosa materials, but also new challenges when it comes to who has access to this information, how the materials are categorised, used, and how to best safeguard indigenous rights associated with their content, including rights of privacy and dissemination (Blumler and Coleman 2021). With that in mind, it is clear then that issues surrounding the isiXhosa language and archiving require attention. ...
January 2021
Javnost - The Public
... Klasyczne modele komunikowania politycznego uwzględniają co prawda obywateli jako jeden z kluczowych elementów procesu przepływu informacji politycznej (Wolton 1990;Blumer, Gurevitch 1995;Rush 1992;Perloff 1998;Negrine 2008;McNair 2018), ale traktują publiczność mediów jako "słabe ogniwo" w porównaniu z aktorami politycznymi i mediami (Adamczewska 2023, s. 89). Obywatele postrzegani są w tych modelach komunikowania politycznego zwykle jako ci, którzy nie mają ani zaplecza personalnego, ani finansowego i organizacyjnego, by wpływać istotnie na zawartość przekazów politycznych i ich dystrybucję (Dobek -Ostrowska 2012, s. 194). ...
April 2020