Javier Banda-Leal’s research while affiliated with Autonomous University of Nuevo León and other places

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Publications (15)


Notes on the Herpetofauna of Mexico 41: New Range Extensions for the Plain-necked Glass Lizard, Ophisaurus incomptus McConkey, 1955, in the State of Tamaulipas, Mexico
  • Article
  • Full-text available

January 2023

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237 Reads

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We document reports of Ophisaurus incomptus from the state of Tamaulipas, Mexico. This is one of the rarest lizards found in northeastern Mexico. There are some general data from the sites where they were reported, but we know that there is much that is unknown about this species.

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Predation by the Texas Patch-nosed Snake (Salvadora lineata) on the Texas Alligator Lizard (Gerrhonotus infernalis) in the Sierra Zapalinamé, Municipalities of Saltillo and Arteaga, Coahuila, Mexico

December 2022

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218 Reads

In this document we report predation by the Texas patch-nosed snake (Salvadora lineata) on the Texas alligator lizard (Gerrhonotus infernalis) in the state of Coahuila, Mexico. In addition, we describe certain aspects related to the biology of each species and provide a brief description of the study site. Resumen En este documento reportamos la depredación de la Serpiente Nariz Parche Tejana (Salvadora lineata) sobre el Lagarto Cocodrilo Tejana (Gerrhonotus infernalis), en el estado de Coahuila, México. Además, describimos algunos aspectos relacionados con la biología de cada especie y proporcionamos una breve descripción del sitio de estudio.


Figure 1. Distribution of Trimorphodon tau in Nuevo León, Mexico. From north to south, the new records are: UANL 6876 (green triangle), Marín photographic voucher (blue circle) and Santa Catarina photographic voucher (light green pentagon). Previously known records are: UANL 5243 (red diamond), UANL 1229 (yellow square), UANL 4730 (brown triangle), UANL 7183 (light blue circle), UANL 3917 (brown pentagon), UANL 3918 (yellow diamond) and UANL 4163 (red square).
Figure 2. Photograph in life of the Santa Catarina record. Photo by Roberto García-Barrios.
New records and range extension of Trimorphodon tau Cope, 1869 (Squamata, Colubridae) in Nuevo León, México

February 2022

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122 Reads

The distribution of Trimorphodon tau Cope, 1869 in Nuevo León, Mexico, is understood on the basis of only a few records from the municipality of Iturbide and the central portion in the municipality of Monterrey, both in the southern portion of the state. The most recent record was reported in 2020. We provide new information on specimens from the collection of the Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León and photographic vouchers, which extend the known geographic range of this species to the northern portion of the state. We also review the scutellation in the new specimens and other specimens cited in the literature.


Notes on Mexican Herpetofauna 37: A Range Extension for Lugo's Alligator Lizards (Gerrhonotus lugoi; Squamata: Anguidae) in Nuevo León, Mexico, with Comments on Some Ecological Traits

January 2021

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328 Reads

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1 Citation



Figure 1. A young forest of Acer saccharum in the study site in the municipality of Talpa de Allende, Jalisco. Photograph by Daniel Cruz Sáenz. 
Figure 2. A young forest of Pinus oocarpa in the study site in the municipality of Lagos de Moreno, Jalisco. Photograph by Daniel Cruz Sáenz. 
Figure 3. Cañada Ojo de Cuervo, where the first individual was found in the municipality of Talpa de Allende, Jalisco. Photograph by Daniel Cruz Sáenz. 
Figure 4. Gerrhonotus liocephalus found in the municipality of Talpa de Allende, Jalisco. Photograph by Sergio Guerrero-Vázquez. 
Figure 5. Gerrhonotus liocephalus found in the municipality of Lagos de Moreno, Jalisco. Photograph by Aldo Dávalos-Mártinez. 
Notes on the Herpetofauna of Western Mexico 18: Noteworthy Records of Wiegmann’s Alligator Lizard, Gerrhonotus liocephalus (Wiegmann, 1828), in Jalisco, Mexico

June 2018

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503 Reads

We document two new localities for Gerrhonotus liocephalusfor the state ofJalisco. These records are far from the coastline where the rest of the distribution of this species in Jalisco has been documented. Both records represent latitudinal and altitudinal distributional extensions. The first record is in the municipality of Talpa de Allende and the second in the municipality of Lagos de Moreno.


Figure 1. Map showing the known occurrence of genus Gerrhonotus. Polygons indicate wide distribution species. The yellows correspond to G. infernalis, red to G. ophiurus, orange to G. liocephalus and blues to G. cf. liocephalus. The symbols indicate local distribution species. Reddish pentagon corresponds to G. lugoi, red triangule to G. lazcanoi, green circle to G. parvus and blue diamond represents G. farri. 
Table 1 . Reports of Gerrhonotus parvus obtained in this study and the literature. SRSU: Sul Ross State University. UANL: Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León.
Figure 2. Distribution map of Gerrhonotus parvus. The white circles represent the known occurrence in Nuevo León. The black stars indicate the new localities where the specimens of G. parvus were found in the Sierra de Zapalinamé, Arteaga and Saltillo municipalities, Coahuila, México. 
Figure 4. Gerrhonotus parvus (UANL-7729) from La Explanada area (photograph by Javier Banda-Leal). 
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New records of Gerrhonotus parvus Knight & Scudday, 1985 (Squamata, Anguidae) in the state of Coahuila, México

June 2018

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332 Reads

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2 Citations

We document the first records of Gerrhonotus parvus in the state of Coahuila, México. From March 2012 to March 2017, 6 males and 2 females were found in pine forest and submontane scrubland plant communities in the Sierra de Zapalinamé Natural Protected Area, which is located in the municipalities of Saltillo and Arteaga. These records extend the known distribution of the species 28–44 km west of the nearest occurrences in the state of Nuevo León.


Pictures of the sampling method and regeneration process of gills and tails from animals kept for 15 days in captivity after tissue extraction
Enzymatic activity of a acetylcholinesterase (AChE), b butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and c carboxylesterase (CaE) from different tissues of A. velasci. Means with the same superscript letters belong to homogeneous groups (separated by post hoc Conover test). (Tail N = 11, gills N = 11, liver N = 3, plasma N = 10, brain N = 3)
Enzymatic activity of a alkaline phosphatase (ALP), b acid phosphatase (ACP), c ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) assay, and d glutathione S-transferase (GST) assay from different tissues of A. velasci. Means with the same superscript letters belong to homogeneous groups (separated by post hoc Conover test). (Tail N = 11, gills N = 11, liver N = 3, plasma N = 10, brain N = 3)
Enzymatic activity of a superoxide dismutase (SOD) and not enzymatic antioxidant activity b oxygen radical absorption capacity (ORAC) from different tissues of A. velasci. Means with the same superscript letters belong to homogeneous groups (separated by post hoc Conover test). (Tail N = 11, gills N = 11, liver N = 3, plasma N = 10, brain N = 3)
Ecotoxicological Biomarkers in Multiple Tissues of the Neotenic Ambystoma spp. for a Non-lethal Monitoring of Contaminant Exposure in Wildlife and Captive Populations

October 2017

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458 Reads

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13 Citations

Water Air and Soil Pollution

Amphibians are the most threatened vertebrate group with a third of currently known species endangered with extinction, as a result of climate change, habitat loss, disease-introduced exotic species, and pollution. Because of their vulnerability, they have often been used as environmental quality indicators, as well as laboratory models for toxicological research. Given the sensitivity of amphibians to changes in their surrounding environment, including pollution, it was deemed important to define a non-lethal technique based on the evaluation of a set of biomarkers in different tissues of neotenic individuals of Ambystoma velasci. The levels of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), carboxylesterase (CaE), alkaline and acid phosphatases (ALP, ACP), glutathione s-transferase (GST), 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, as well as the oxygen radical absorption capacity (ORAC) were measured in tail, gills, liver, plasma, and brain samples. Significant tissue-specific differences were observed for all biomarkers with the exception of ACP. The highest values of specific activity for most biomarkers were detected in the liver. However, the levels measured in gills were very close to those observed in the liver and showed fewer variations than other tissues. These findings suggest that the sampling of gills could be used to evaluate pollution biomarkers in salamanders without apparent harm, as this tissue quickly regenerates.


A New Species of Pygmy Alligator Lizard (Squamata: Anguidae) from Nuevo León, México

June 2017

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81 Reads

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8 Citations

Journal of herpetology

We describe a new species of smooth-scaled anguid from arid northern foothills of the Sierra Madre Oriental in Nuevo León, México. This new species is similar to the other smooth-scaled gerrhonotines: Gerrhonotus lugoi McCoy, 1970, from the Cuatrociénegas Basin of Coahuila; G. parvus Knight and Scudday, 1985, from the Sierra Madre Oriental in Nuevo León; and G. farri Bryson and Graham, 2010, from the Sierra Madre Oriental in Tamaulipas. It differs from these species in several important morphological characters, including number of postrostral scales, postoculars, postmentals, sublabials, and dorsal and ventral scale rows. It also is the only known anguid to possess three postmentals and a novel azygous scale between the postmentals and the gular shields.



Citations (9)


... Gerrhonotus farri and G. lazcanoi are each known by a single specimen, with accordingly limited information for each species (Bryson and Graham, 2010;Banda-Leal et al., 2017). A specimen from Nuevo León previously identified as G. lugoi (Montoya-Ferrer et al., 2021) may actually correspond to G. lazcanoi (personal communication, Uri Garcia-Vasquez), and it is anticipated that results will be published upon further study. Despite extensive field and laboratory investigations, information regarding the diet of these species remains scant. ...

Reference:

Notes on the Herpetofauna of Mexico 47: Observations on Feeding in Captivity by Pygmy Alligator Lizards, Gerrhonotus parvus Knight and Scudday, 1985 (Squamata: Anguidae)
Notes on Mexican Herpetofauna 37: A Range Extension for Lugo's Alligator Lizards (Gerrhonotus lugoi; Squamata: Anguidae) in Nuevo León, Mexico, with Comments on Some Ecological Traits

... For G. parvus, there is more detailed information about its natural history (Bryson et al., 2003), as well as its, maximum size, litter size, sympatric herpetofauna, potential predators, and a very limited amount of information on its habitat and captive management (Banda-Leal et al., 2005;Banda-Leal et al., 2013, 2014aBanda-Leal, 2016;Banda-Leal et al., 2018;Hernández-Bocardo and Lazcano, 2018;Lazcano et al., 2018;Lazcano et al., 2019). We have also paid attention to its thermal ecology (Lazcano et al., 2022), and documented a malformation of a wild-caught specimen (Lazcano et al., 2017). ...

New records of Gerrhonotus parvus Knight & Scudday, 1985 (Squamata, Anguidae) in the state of Coahuila, México

... Nowadays, studies focusing on sublethal effects that impair physiological processes are becoming more important, as this type of data can provide better insight into long-term effects that may not be evident in general toxicity studies that focus only on mortality as a single endpoint (e.g. Pham et al., 2017;Barriga-Vallejo et al., 2017). Pesticide exposure, as a common environmental stressor, increases oxidative stress in cells. ...

Ecotoxicological Biomarkers in Multiple Tissues of the Neotenic Ambystoma spp. for a Non-lethal Monitoring of Contaminant Exposure in Wildlife and Captive Populations

Water Air and Soil Pollution

... Gerrhonotus farri and G. lazcanoi are each known by a single specimen, with accordingly limited information for each species (Bryson and Graham, 2010;Banda-Leal et al., 2017). A specimen from Nuevo León previously identified as G. lugoi (Montoya-Ferrer et al., 2021) may actually correspond to G. lazcanoi (personal communication, Uri Garcia-Vasquez), and it is anticipated that results will be published upon further study. ...

A New Species of Pygmy Alligator Lizard (Squamata: Anguidae) from Nuevo León, México
  • Citing Article
  • June 2017

Journal of herpetology

... The habitat in Cañon de Mireles is similar to that of Cañon de San Isidro but the specimen was found at an elevation of 900 m, the lowest recorded for this species. Banda-Leal et al. (2014a) later reported another specimen in a similar habitat, from Cañon de Reflexiones in the municipality of Santa Catarina, which lies northwest of Cañon de San Isidro. The species was thought to be endemic for the state of Nuevo León, but Banda documented the species for the state of Coahuila, a state bordering Nuevo León to the west. ...

Potential Herpetofaunal Predators of Gerrhonotus parvus in the San Isidro Canyon, Santiago, Nuevo León, Mexico
  • Citing Article
  • February 2014

... If Barlochersaurus is an adult, it would be the smallest known lizard of anguimorph affinities. Even if Barlochersaurus is a juvenile, it is substantially smaller than the neonates or hatchlings of the smallest living species of anguimorphs, including smaller species of Celestus (Henderson and Powell, 2009) and Gerrhonotus parvus (based on maximum egg dimensions of 13.57 3 7.36 mm [Banda-Leal et al., 2014]). ...

Gerrhonotus parvus Knight & Scudday, 1985 (Squamata: Anguidae): New range extension and clutch size in the state of Nuevo León, Mexico

... Finally, a similar pattern may explain the divergence and distribution of C. totonacus with respect to C. ornatus; the Totonacan Rattlesnake is endemic to Mexico, where it inhabits the coastal plain of the Gulf of Mexico and adjacent areas on the eastern versant of the SMOr, and has been reported from the states of Nuevo León, Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosí, Querétaro, Hidalgo, and Veracruz (Ramírez-Bautista et al. 2014;Farr et al. 2015;Ramos-Frías et al. 2015). Divergence between the ancestral populations of those lineages would take place in response to continuing isolation of the regional deserts throughout the late Miocene, early Pliocene and more recently, during glacial cycles of the Pleistocene (Alexander and Riddle 2005; Bryson et al. 2011c). ...

The distribution of Crotalus totonacus in Nuevo León, Mexico.

... Los anfibios, pueden ser más vulnerables a los cambios en sus hábitats en comparación con el resto de los vertebrados, por 2 razones principales: poseen una piel delgada y porosa que es permeable al agua, y son organismos ectotermos, por lo que dependen de su entorno para conservar su temperatura (Duellman y Trueb, 1994). Por estos motivos, la evaluación del estado de salud de las poblaciones de anfibios es cada vez más común en estudios ecológicos en especies amenazadas o en declive (Barriga-Vallejo et al., 2015;Das y Mahapatra, 2014;Shutler y Marcogliese, 2011). Los perfiles de leucocitos han sido evaluados con mayor frecuencia porque proporcionan información sobre el estado inmunológico y permiten detectar cambios fisiológicos y patológicos tempranos en los individuos, sobretodo, estudios recientes han comenzado a incorporarlos como biomarcadores para evaluar la salud de los individuos y de su ambiente (Barni et al., 2007;Cabagna et al., 2005;Davis et al., 2010;Salinas et al., 2015Salinas et al., , 2019. ...

Assessing population health of the toluca axolotl Ambystoma rivulare (Taylor, 1940) from México, using leukocyte profiles

Herpetological Conservation and Biology

... The species was originally reported for the municipality of Galeana in a transition zone between pine forest (Pinus arizonica) and open gypsophyllous scrub at 1650 m above sea level. (Knight and Scudday 1985), and subsequently reported to the northwest from the type locality, in the municipality of Santiago in Cañón de San Isidro (Banda-Leal et al. 2002). This canyon is at 1600 m above sea level, runs east and west, and is characterized by steep limestone walls covered with Agave (Agave lechuguilla, A. bracteosa), sotols (Dasylirion sp.), and scrub oaks (Quercus sp.), and has intermittent pools of water. ...

New Record of Elgaria parva (Lacertilia: Anguidae) from Nuevo Leon, Mexico

The Southwestern Naturalist