Jarone Lee's research while affiliated with Massachusetts General Hospital and other places
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Publications (158)
Introduction:
The Stop the Bleed campaign provided civilians with tourniquet application training and increased the demand for tourniquets among the general population, which led to the development of new commercially available devices. However, most widely available tourniquets have not undergone testing by regulatory bodies and their efficacy re...
Introduction:
The usage of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in trauma patients has increased significantly within the past decade. Despite increased research on ECMO application in trauma patients, there remains limited data on factors predicting morbidity and mortality outcome. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to descri...
Scientific research is propelled by allocation of funding to different research projects based in part on the predicted scientific impact of the work. Data-driven algorithms can inform decision-making of funding by identifying likely high-impact studies using bibliometrics. Compared to standardized citation-based metrics alone, we utilize a machine...
We sought to study the role of circulating cellular clusters (CCC) -such as circulating leukocyte clusters (CLCs), platelet-leukocyte aggregates (PLA), and platelet-erythrocyte aggregates (PEA)- in the immunothrombotic state induced by COVID-19. Forty-six blood samples from 37 COVID-19 patients and 12 samples from healthy controls were analyzed wit...
Healthcare resources are published annually in repositories such as the AHA Annual Survey DatabaseTM. However, these data repositories are created via manual surveying techniques which are cumbersome in collection and not updated as frequently as website information of the respective hospital systems represented. Also, this resource is not widely a...
Shannon entropy is a core concept in machine learning and information theory, particularly in decision tree modeling. Decision tree representations of medical decision-making tools can be generated using diagnostic metrics found in literature and entropy removal can be calculated for these tools. This analysis was done for 623 diagnostic tools and...
Abstract
Background
To describe the influence of COVID-19 caseload surges and overall capacity in the intensive care unit (ICU) on mortality among US population and census divisions.
Methods
A retrospective analysis of the national COVID ActNow database between January 1, 2021 until March 1, 2022. The main outcome used was COVID-19 weekly mortality...
Background:
To describe the influence of COVID-19 caseload surges and overall capacity in the intensive care unit (ICU) on mortality among US population and census divisions.
Methods:
A retrospective analysis of the national COVID ActNow database between January 1, 2021 until March 1, 2022. The main outcome used was COVID-19 weekly mortality rat...
Across various industries, the right to repair (RTR) movement has gained momentum as more than 20 states have proposed RTR laws to expand access to repair of consumer products. Medical device equipment shortages during the COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated that stronger repair mechanisms are necessary for the US health system to become more efficient,...
This study surveyed patients admitted to the emergency department or surgical units at a single hospital to compare an emoji-based pain scale with a conventional numeric rating scale.
Objective: To determine whether the outcomes of postoperative patients admitted directly to an intensive care unit (ICU) differ based on the academic status of the institution and the total operative volume of the unit. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis using the eICU Collaborative Research Database v2.0, a national database from participa...
Covid Act Now (CAN) developed an epidemiological model that takes various non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) into account and predicts viral spread and subsequent health outcomes. In this study, the projections of the model developed by CAN were back-tested against real-world data and it was found that the model consistently overestimated hosp...
As hospital systems plan for health care utilization surges and stress, understanding the necessary resources of a trauma system are essential for planning capacity. We aimed to describe trends in high intensity resource utilization (operating room [OR] usage and intensive care unit [ICU] admissions) for trauma care during the initial months of the...
Purpose:
Enteral nutrition is associated with improved outcomes in acute pancreatitis (AP), but previous studies have not focused on critically-ill patients. Our purpose was to determine the association between nutritional support and infectious complications in ICU-admitted patients with AP.
Methods:
A retrospective analysis of patients with AP...
Unicode was established in 1991 and is the worldwide standard for characters which assigns a code for each letter, character, and symbol in every language. Unicode enables users to send and retrieve data with any character or letter. In other words, Unicode allows for an “A” to show up as an “A” on multiple devices running different operating syste...
Introduction: Severe COVID-19 has been associated with aberrant coagulation factor activities, particularly in patients with a thrombotic event (TE). Management of anticoagulant is critical in the care of hospitalized patients with COVID-19.
Hypothesis: Evaluation of a point-of-care (POC), functional, clot-time-based coagulation test to detect the...
Background
COVID-19 is a deadly multisystemic disease, and bowel ischemia, the most consequential gastrointestinal manifestation, remains poorly described. Our goal is to describe our institution’s surgical experience with management of bowel ischemia due to COVID-19 infection over a one-year period.
Methods
All patients admitted to our institutio...
Background:
Outcomes of early enteral nutrition (EEN) in critically ill patients on vasoactive medications remain unclear. We aimed to compare in-hospital outcomes for early (EEN) vs. late enteral nutrition (LEN) in mechanically ventilated patients receiving vasopressor support.
Methods:
This was a retrospective study using the national eICU col...
Background
There is little research evaluating outcomes from sepsis in intensive care units (ICUs) with lower sepsis patient volumes as compared to ICUs with higher sepsis patient volumes. Our objective was to compare the outcomes of septic patients admitted to ICUs with different sepsis patient volumes.
Materials and Methods
We included all patie...
Background
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused over 1 200 000 deaths worldwide as of November 2020. However, little is known about the clinical outcomes among hospitalized patients with active COVID-19 after in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA).
Aim
We aimed to characterize outcomes from IHCA in patients with COVID-19 and to identify patie...
Background:
We sought to describe characteristics, multisystem outcomes, and predictors of mortality of the critically ill COVID-19 patients in the largest hospital in Massachusetts.
Methods:
This is a prospective cohort study. All patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with reverse-transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction-confirmed s...
Purpose
Critically ill patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) have high rates of line thrombosis. Our objective was to examine the safety and efficacy of a low dose heparinized saline (LDHS) arterial line (a-line) patency protocol in this population.
Materials and Methods
In this observational cohort study, patients ≥18 years with COVID...
Introduction
Emergency department (ED) crowding is associated with increased mortality and delays in care. We developed a rapid admission pathway targeting critically-ill trauma patients in the ED. This study investigates the sustainability of the pathway, as well as its effectiveness in times of increased ED crowding.
Materials & methods
This was...
Background
Neighborhood stress score (NSS) and area deprivation index (ADI) are two neighborhood-based composite measures used to quantify an individual's socioeconomic risk based on home location. In this analysis, we compare the relationships between an individual's socioeconomic risk, based on each of these measures, and potentially preventable...
Study objective:
The effect of urgent cares on local emergency department (ED) patient volumes is presently unknown. In this paper, we aimed to assess the change in low-acuity ED utilization at 2 academic medical centers in relation to patient proximity to an affiliated urgent care.
Methods:
We created a geospatial database of ED visits occurrin...
A variety of hospital characteristics, including teaching status, ownership, location, and size, have been shown to be associated with quality measure performance. The association of hospital characteristics, including teaching intensity, with performance on the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) SEP-1 sepsis measure has not been well s...
OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study is to investigate the magnitude of physician variation in the use of imaging and the factors associated with variation in an urban emergency department (ED) in the United States. MATERIALS AND METHODS. This retrospective cohort study was conducted from April 1, 2013, to March 31, 2014, in the ED of a level I adu...
Measurements of neutrophil activities such as cell migration and phagocytosis are generally performed using low-content bulk assays, that provide little detail activity at the single cell level, or flow cytometry methods, which have the single cell resolution but lack perspective on the kinetics of the process. Here, we present a microfluidic assay...
Objective:
There have been various interventions to reduce ED utilization. Little is known about the sustainability of outcomes of interventions to reduce ED overcrowding. We sought to investigate whether the outcomes from one of successful interventions to reduce ED utilization, specialist physician level reporting were sustained over time and ho...
As emergency department (ED) crowding continues to worsen, many visits are at academic referral hospitals. As a result, engaging specialty services will be essential to decompressing the ED. To do this, it will be important to understand which specialties to focus interventions on for the greatest impact. To characterize the ED utilization of non-s...
Background:
The Emergency Surgery Score (ESS) was validated recently as an accurate and user-friendly post-operative mortality risk calculator specific for Emergency General Surgery (EGS). ESS is calculated by adding one to three integer points for each of 22 pre-operative variables (demographics, co-morbidities, and pre-operative laboratory value...
Quality measures are increasingly used to measure the performance of providers, hospitals, and health care systems. Intensive care units (ICUs) are an important clinical area in hospitals, given that they generate high costs and present high risks to patients. Yet, currently, few valid and clinically significant ICU-specific outcome measures are re...
Neutrophils reach the sites of inflammation and infection in a timely manner by navigating efficiently through mechanically complex interstitial spaces, following the guidance of chemical gradients. However, our understanding of how neutrophils that follow chemical cues overcome mechanical obstacles in their path is restricted by the limitations of...
Background
Much work on reducing ED utilization has focused on primary care practices, but few studies have examined ED visits from patients followed by specialists, especially when the ED visit is related to the specialist’s clinical practice.
Objective
To determine the proportion and characteristics of patients that utilized the ED for specialty...
Neutrophils are the most abundant white blood cells in the circulation and serve antimicrobial functions. One of their antimicrobial mechanisms involves the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), long chromatin fibers decorated with antimicrobial granular proteins that contribute to the elimination of pathogens. However, the release of N...
Background:
Diversion of unused prescription opioids is a major contributor to the current United States opioid epidemic. We aimed to study the variation of opioid prescribing in emergency surgery.
Methods:
Between October 2016 and March 2017, all patients undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, or inguinal hernia rep...
Background:
The true incidence of intraoperative adverse events (iAEs) remains unknown.
Methods:
All patients undergoing abdominal surgery at an academic institution between January and July 2016 were included in a prospective fashion. At the end of surgery, using a secure REDCap database, the surgeon was given the Institute of Medicine definiti...
Background
Serum albumin and prealbumin levels, may be more strongly associated with inflammation than with nutrient delivery. Their predictive value has not been extensively described in surgical intensive care unit (ICU) patients.
Methods
We analyzed a registry of adult surgical ICU patients receiving enteral nutrition. Subjects with at least 1...
Current methods for the diagnosis of sepsis have insufficient precision, causing regular misdiagnoses. Microbiological tests can help to diagnose sepsis, but are usually too slow to have an impact on timely clinical decision-making. Neutrophils have a high sensitivity to infections, yet measurements of neutrophil surface markers, genomic changes an...
The REDOXS trial evaluated whether supplementation with glutamine and antioxidants would be beneficial in critically-ill patients. Antioxidants included selenium, vitamin E, vitamin C and zinc. The REDOXS trial was a large randomized clinical trial that included over 40 intensive care units (ICU) in North American and Europe. An earlier study led t...
There has been an explosion of clinical trials in critical care medicine since the inception of the specialty more than 50 years ago. This explosion has made it challenging as a trainee in critical care medicine to gain expertise in evidence based medicine. Determining how best to care for patients and understanding the basis for our practice is a...
Background:
Failure to provide adequate nutrition in the intensive care unit (ICU) may be particularly harmful for patients with prolonged critical illness. We hypothesized that early nutrition inadequacy is more influential for those requiring a longer ICU stay versus those requiring a shorter stay.
Methods:
We enrolled 280 adult patients with...
Objectives:
Emergency department (ED) utilization is a major driver of cost. Specialist physicians have an important role in addressing ED utilization, especially at tertiary medical centers that treat highly specialized patients. We analyzed if reporting of ED utilization to pediatric specialist physicians can decrease ED visits.
Methods:
Physi...
Background and objectives:
In 2010, the Massachusetts Legislature passed a comprehensive law that restricted off-road vehicle (ORV) use by children <14 years old and regulated ORV use by children up to the age of 18 years. We aimed to examine the impact of the 2010 Massachusetts law on the rates of ORV-related injuries.
Methods:
A retrospective...
Objective:
Medical errors play a large role in preventable harms within our health care system. Medications administered in the ICU can be numerous, complex and subject to daily changes. We describe a method to identify medication errors with the potential to improve patient safety.
Design:
A quality improvement intervention featuring a daily me...
Neutrophil swarms protect healthy tissues by sealing off sites of infection. In the absence of swarming, microbial invasion of surrounding tissues can result in severe infections. Recent observations in animal models have shown that swarming requires rapid neutrophil responses and well-choreographed neutrophil migration patterns. However, in animal...
Background:
The prevalence of back pain is rising, as is the use of high-cost imaging in the ED. The objective of our study was to determine if an MRI in the ED for patients with back pain resulted in a lower incidence of ED return visit and to determine if these patients had longer ED length of stay (LOS) and use of ED observation.
Methods:
A r...
Background
The emergency surgery score is a mortality-risk calculator for emergency general operation patients. We sought to examine whether the emergency surgery score predicts 30-day morbidity and mortality in a high-risk group of patients undergoing emergent laparotomy.
Methods
Using the 2011–2012 American College of Surgeons National Surgical...
Background:
New onset atrial fibrillation (AF) in critically ill surgical patients is associated with significant morbidity and increased mortality. N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is released by cardiomyocytes in response to stress and may predict AF development after surgery. We hypothesized that elevated NT-proBNP level at...
Purpose:
Results of a study to test the hypothesis that taking niacin simultaneously with different forms of aspirin would reduce the occurrence of niacin-induced flushing are reported.
Methods:
Traditionally, taking enteral absorbed aspirin 30 minutes before a niacin dose has been shown to reduce flushing by 30-50% relative to nonuse of aspirin...
Background:
The Emergency Surgery Score (ESS) was recently validated as a scoring system to predict mortality in emergency surgery (ES) patients. We sought to examine the ability of ESS to predict the occurrence of 30-day postoperative complications in ES.
Methods:
The 2011-2012 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality.Improvement...
Objective:
We recently demonstrated that the 2007 Massachusetts Graduated Driving Licensing (GDL) law decreased the rate of motor vehicle crashes in teenage drivers. To better understand this decrease, we sought to examine the law's impact on the issuance of driving licenses and traffic citations to teenage drivers.
Methods:
Citation and license...
Background:
Macronutrient deficiency in critical illness is associated with worse outcomes. We hypothesized that an aggressive enteral nutrition (EN) protocol would result in higher macronutrient delivery and fewer late infections.
Methods:
We enrolled adult surgical intensive care unit (ICU) patients receiving >72 hours of EN from July 2012 to...
Background:
An intraoperative adverse event (iAE) is often directly attributable to the surgeon's technical error and/or suboptimal intraoperative judgment. We aimed to examine the psychological impact of iAEs on surgeons as well as the surgeons' attitude regarding iAE reporting.
Study design:
We conducted a web-based cross-sectional survey of a...
Objective:
We sought to assess the impact of intraoperative adverse events (iAEs) on 30-day postoperative mortality, 30-day postoperative morbidity, and postoperative length of stay (LOS) among patients undergoing abdominal surgery. We hypothesized that iAEs would be associated with significant increases in each outcome.
Summary of background dat...
Background:
Immobilisation predicts adverse outcomes in patients in the surgical intensive care unit (SICU). Attempts to mobilise critically ill patients early after surgery are frequently restricted, but we tested whether early mobilisation leads to improved mobility, decreased SICU length of stay, and increased functional independence of patient...
Objective:
To determine physician-reported adherence to and support of the 2010 Massachusetts youth concussion law, as well as barriers to care and clinical practice in the context of legislation.
Study design:
Primary care physicians (n = 272) in a large pediatric network were eligible for a cross-sectional survey in 2014. Survey questions addr...
Background
The Hartford Consensus established a framework for minimizing deaths due to mass shootings, specifically eliminating preventable deaths due to limb exsanguination. Two major principles defined within this framework are (1) redefining the first responder role and (2) the ubiquitous availability of proper training in application of hemorrh...
Introduction:
Hypophosphatemia has been associated with refeeding malnourished patients, but its clinical significance is unclear. We investigated the incidence of refeeding hypophosphatemia (RH) in the surgical intensive care unit (SICU) and its association with early enteral nutrition (EN) administration and clinical outcomes.
Methods:
We perf...
Emergency department (ED) overcrowding remains a significant problem in many hospitals, and results in multiple negative effects on patient care outcomes and operational metrics. We sought to test whether implementing a quality improvement project could decrease ED LOS for trauma patients requiring an ICU admission from the ED, specifically by dire...
Background:
Based on the current literature, it is unclear whether advanced age itself leads to higher mortality in critically ill patients or whether it is due to the greater number of comorbidities in the elderly patients. We hypothesized that increasing age would increase the odds of short-term and long-term mortality after adjusting for baseli...
Purpose:
The goal of this study was to investigate barriers to timely antibiotic administration in septic surgical intensive care unit (SICU) patients and examine the impact of a multidisciplinary bundle on the time from prescription to antibiotic administration.
Methods:
This was a pre- and postintervention study that consisted of 3 phases: (1)...
