Janusz K. Kozlowski's research while affiliated with Polish Academy of Sciences and other places

... These rather incoherent parts of the paper place emphasis on the results produced during years of searching for the emergence of the Early Neolithic "macroblade" industry (e.g. Gatsov et al. 2017). Beyond detailed self-citations in a retrospective discourse (by Gatsov), and a correction in Kozłowski's hypothesis about the origin of 'silex blond' (now thought to be from Albania rather than northern Bulgaria), nothing was offered that advances the debate. ...

... Although Holocene paleofaunas were reported from other caves of southern Poland and adjacent countries, only few of these sequences go back as far as the final part of the Last Glaciation [11- 16,41,43]. Most of the profiles are only a few dozens of centimeters thick and cover only the middle or just the youngest part of the Holocene [32][33][34][35][36][37][38]. Despite some disturbances noted in the narrow stratigraphic horizons in the ShSIII, the composition of the mollusk and rodent faunas appears to be environmentally coherent, which makes both groups good paleoenvironmental indicators. ...

... But with development transformation, the humble and strong community were recognized since they possessed a large coverage associated with several small religions. Moreover, Eurasian prehistory noted well how ancestors valued strongly the past ideas and human being behaved in a specific location and this reported by several researchers including Kozlowski (2010) and Cilingiroglu et al. (2020). However, the feeling of gender equality was not so much a problem, not an issue disturbing the brain. ...

... ka and 18.1e16.2 ka on bones of unidentified species (Alexandrowicz et al., 1992). The fauna, consisting of horse, reindeer, woolly rhino, and alpine chamois, could fit PLGM but the lithic assemblage is too atypical to be another support. ...

... The origin of these blades is still unknown: the west coast is the most likely candidate, but the quarries have still to be found" (Perlès 2001, 202). Quite challenging but still not sufficiently incorporated with the BF problem and its relation to 'macroblade' production (best represented by the assemblages of the Karanovo I culture in Bulgaria) is the presence of 'silex blond' among the very Early Neolithic material from Franchthi (with a gradual increase in frequency in the Middle Neolithic strata - Perlès 2004, 26) and several pieces in the Upper Mesolithic from Klisoura Cave (Argolid) (Kaczanowska et al. 2008). The recent research of G. Kourtessi-Philippakis on numerous Neolithic sites in northern Greece will undoubtedly contribute to clarifying the picture for Greece 4 . ...

... The excavated site of Cyclope Cave has multiple strata of occupation extending from the early Mesolithic to the late Neolithic (Sampson 2008;Sampson, Kozłowski, and Kaczanowska 2003); here, few lunates and trapezes were recorded in both Mesolithic and Neolithic layers, with a significant increase of these particular types in the latter period. Otherwise, the Mesolithic assemblage is generally represented by end-scrapers, splintered pieces, and retouched flakes, as well as backed blades, very few burins, denticulates, and notches (Kaczanowska and Kozłowski 2008;Sampson, Kozłowski, and Kaczanowska 2003), most of which seem to be typologically atypical. ...

... came to this area from the southeastern Pannonian Plain and are represented by the Starčevo culture, the earliest Neolithic culture in the Pannonian basin and Central Balkans. Today, around 100 sites of Starčevo culture are known from an area of some 13,000 km 2 , representing a picture of small and short-lived settlements living by hoe-cultivation of land and cattle rearing (Šimić, 2013, 15;Hršak and Šošić Klindžić 2014;Šošić Klindžić et al. 2018). Starčevo period settlements are dispersed all over the Pannonian area, taking advantage of open and drier land, river terraces, foothills and similar locations in otherwise mostly forested and marshy Slavonia. ...

... North of the Carpathian arch, another type of laminar industry appears as an isolated point of emergence, uncovered at the site of Piekary II, in southern Poland, fitting into the group of Middle Paleolithic blade industries occurring sporadically from the Near East over Transcaucasia to western Europe. Whereas the earliest dates for such industries from the Near East (Hayonim) are as early as 200 ka, the TL dates on burnt flint from Piekary II place this specific industry (layers 7a-7c) between 60 and 35/32 ka (Valladas et al. 2003). ...

... Indeed, other research at the sites of Areta, Damnoni, Franchthi, Gavdos, Kerame, Klissoura Cave 1, Livari Skiadi, Roos, and St elida also demonstrate that many raw materials, ideas, goods, and people were already circulating during the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene (Broodbank 2006;Carter, Contreras, Doyle, et al. 2016;Kaczanowska and Kozłowski 2018;Kaczanowska, Kozłowski, and Sobczyk 2010;Kopaka and Matzanas 2009;Perl es 1990Perl es , 2003Reingruber 2011Reingruber , 2018Sampson 2016Sampson , 2019Sampson, Kaczanowska, and Kozłowski 2012;Sampson, Kozłowski, and Kaczanowska 2016;Strasser et al. 2015). This lively maritime activity is not surprising since Cyprus was also colonized during the Late Pleistocene-Early Holocene time span (Simmons 2010, 231;Vigne et al. 2012). ...

... The number of taxa (NTAXA), the number of remains (NR), the minimum number of individuals (MNI), following fusion and laterality, and the minimum number of elements (MNE) were calculated (Lyman 2008). The taphonomic analysis followed the methodology proposed by Andrews (1990), Bochenski and Tomek (1997), Fernández et al. (2017), Montalvo et al. (2020) and Bochenski et al. (2018). For micromammals remains, the relative abundance of skeletal parts was calculated through the indices: R i = MNEi/(E i × MNI) × 100, considering the representation of each element in the sample (MNE i ) as a function of the number of times that element is repeated in the skeleton (E i ) and the minimum number of individuals (MNI). ...