James Petras’s research while affiliated with State University of New York and other places

... Economic and political difficulties in Cuba in the 1980s led to the formal Rectification of errors and negative tendencies campaign, launched by Castro in 1986. Presented in political and ideological terms, Petras and Morley (1992) argue that the campaign was the result of a "major internal policy debate over how best to confront Cuba's economic stagnation and its hard currency balance-of-payments problem" (p. 16), thus seeing the political and ideological character of the campaign as a way of enhancing public support for such measures. ...

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Mass Schooling for Socialist Transformation in Cuba and Venezuela

... According to Petras and Morley (1991), the divergent outcomes resulting from the crises in eastern Europe and Latin America are not the result of the demise of economic systems or the superiority of one system over the other but have more to do with the willingness and capacity of the US to reshuffle political regimes while retaining strategic ties to the underlying authoritarian states and economic elite structures. In contrast to the Soviet withdrawal of support for its client regimes, Washington acts quickly to prop up and buttress regional allies: military aid helps repress dissident nationalists; civilian-military pacts provide the electoral facades that perpetuate the continent-wide pillage. ...

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Latin America: Problems and Opportunities of Integration

... Whatever their relative success within the region, compared to nations in Europe and North America, to date most Latin American countries have not been very successful in creating the institutional structure to enable meaningful contributions to the global, information-based knowledge economy of the 21st century, which requires significant public and private investment in science and technology (Petras and Veltmeyer, 2014). ...

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Social Technologies for inclusive development: multilevel policy and practices

... Two polar opposites towards the us polices in lac have been described since then, in one side there is Mexico which seems to be friendly to the us, and in the other side is Venezuela being the us bête noir. The rest of lac somehow overlaps with this two postures or develop their own combinations of pro and anti-imperialist policies (Petras, 2014). ...

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Rising China’s Multipolar Diplomacy towards Latin America and the Caribbean: Challenges Ahead

... The onerous plantation system that exploited African enforced and in dentured labor created the conditions for destruction of Indigenous agriculture, ways of living and being, and the relationship between land, nature and human and nonhuman beings. It transformed the social and political structures for European, and later domestic forms of extraction in the post-independence era (Beckford 1999;Davis et al. 2019;Girvan 2014). Sugar cane and agricultural commodity production required significant labour forces which could not be met from indigenous labor supply due to their decimation and inten sive labor practices (Henry 2004). ...

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Unsettling the Plantation “Babylon” System: Humanness beyond Disaster, Reparative Ecologies and Caribbean Freedom

... Ciertamente, este auge no estuvo exento de problemas: enfrentamientos con las comunidades locales por la apropiación de tierras y agua por parte de las empresas a cambio de pagos exiguos, o por la escasa derrama local en términos de empleo; problemas de contaminación ambiental; la creación de un lucrativo mercado de "compra-venta" y "renta" de concesiones mineras (a través de la fusión y adquisición de empresas) frente al minúsculo pago de derechos por las mismas, etc. Todo ello ha repercutido en el surgimiento de organizaciones como la Red Mexicana de Afectados por la Minería (REMA) o la Familia Pasta de Conchos, protestas de ambientalistas y comunidades indígenas, bloqueos de minas por parte de residentes locales, pero también enfrentamientos al interior de estas mismas comunidades locales entre partidarios y opositores a esta actividad. En el ámbito académico, estas circunstancias se han reflejado en un ya amplio número de publicaciones muy críticas hacia la gran minería metálica a cielo abierto, con abordajes teóricos basados en el extractivismo y/o la acumulación por desposesión (Garibay, 2010;Tetreault, 2014;Burnes, 2016;Morales y Téllez, 2016;Azamar, 2017, entre otros), siendo en cambio escasas 4. Entre 2004 y 2013 el volumen de producción de oro se multiplica por 5,4, la plata por 2,3, plomo por 2,1 y zinc y cobre por 1,5 y 1,2, respectivamente, de manera que para 2013 el valor de la producción de oro representa el 25,4% del valor de la producción minero-metalúrgica nacional, seguido de plata (21,1%), cobre (16,7%) y zinc (5,8%) (SGM, 2015). Las exportaciones de oro superan a las de plata en 2007 y desde entonces han sido mayores. ...

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Empleo y salarios en la micro, pequeña y mediana minería mexicana a inicios del siglo XXI

... Estas concesiones han sido contempladas como una grave amenaza para la vida de las comunidades mestizas que habitan el Altiplano-Wirikuta y para la continuidad de las prácticas culturales del pueblo wixarika (Boni 2014; Lamberti 2014; Álvarez 2017; Gavilán 2017; Guzmán y Kindl 2017; Avilés 2020). Este cambio de modelo productivo, cuyos efectos han sido estudiados desde la Ecología Política y la Antropología Ambiental entre otros (Svampa y Sola 2010;Acosta 2011;Bebbington et al. 2013;Bustamante y Francke 2013;Gudynas 2014), introduce al Altiplano-Wirikuta dentro del circuito extractivista que somete a los países y a los pueblos afectados a radicales transformaciones en las economías de las regiones (Harvey 2003;Veltmeyer y Petras 2015), compromete los modos de vida locales con la introducción de actividades productivas que amenazan las sostenibilidad de los ecosistemas y de las sociedades (Hobsbawm y Faci 1998;Escobar 2005;Alier 2009;Svampa 2013;Pérez 2024), y pone en peligro la vida individual y colectiva de las poblaciones no humanas y humanas que se organizan en movimientos de resistencia. ...

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Cantos de Wirikuta: La ruta de los antepasados y capitalismo extractivo en el lugar donde nació el Sol

... Critiques of neoliberalism connote its systemic effects with social disparity and precarity (e.g. Harvey 2005;Ong 2006;Petras and Veltmeyer 2016). ...

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Ties of Possibility: Selecting Future Founders in Tokyo’s Start-up Ecosystem

... From the perspective of this school of thought, greater integration creates a new world order that is becoming increasingly unjust to relatively less developed nations. This injustice is primarily attributed to the activities of multinational agencies and international financial institutions, such as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (see Petras, 2016). These institutions are seen as primarily facilitating capitalist accumulation within an environment characterized by unrestricted market forces and limited state capabilities (see Veltmeyer et al., 2016). ...

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Geoeconomic fragmentation: What is at stake for energy transition in the Global North? Empirical evidence from panel-quantile-type estimation methods

... More left-wing candidates' breakthrough victories followed, and the "utopia reborn" (Panizza 2005;Barrett et al. 2008) gained momentum as well as broad international attention. Yet, the wave of academic scholarship regarding this topic only arrived in the late 2000s (e.g., Barrett et al. 2008;Castañeda and Morales 2008;Petras and Veltmeyer 2009;Silva 2009;Cameron and Hershberg 2010;Weyland et al. 2010;Levitsky and Roberts 2011). ...

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Radical Left-Wing Political Regimes in the Context of the Latin American "Left Turn"