James F. Childress’s scientific contributions

... This illustration might impact on how we address, evaluate and understand clinical and ethical dilemma management, which again can contribute to the reduction of moral distress amongst healthcare practitioners, as well as amongst patients. 30 biomedical ethics: autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice (Beauchamp and Childress, 1979). Reflecting about an ethical dilemma in this respect is a valuable perspective, but as we demonstrate in section 3, it is difficult to practice, as dilemmas emerge and develop in interaction and need to be managed in situ. ...

Reference:

Patient Psychopathology and the Management of Clinical Dilemmas in Psychotherapy: A Qualitative Analysis of Clinical Decision-Making

... Several authoritative lists of such principles exist, ranging from the short three-principle list proposed by the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research in its groundbreaking Belmont Report from 1978, 1 to the Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights adopted by UNESCO in 2005 2 which, depending on how one counts, contains at least 20 principles. The most widely known enumeration is surely the one proposed by the American bioethicists Childress and Beauchamp in their classic handbook Principles of Biomedical Ethics, first published in 1979 3 and currently in its eight edition 4 : Autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence, and justice. As the order of the Beauchamp & Childress list suggests, the principle of autonomy -or as it is known in full, the principle of respect for patient autonomy -is generally considered to be the most important principle. ...

Reference:

Patient autonomy as a necessary but limited ethical principle in shaping the dentist-patient relationship