James E Friday’s research while affiliated with Agricultural Research Service and other places

... Child factors included were demographic characteristics (age, sex, race or ethnicity), intake of added sugars and total energy intake (kcal/day). Data on all foods and beverages consumed and their caloric content, including their respective US Department of Agriculture's Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies code, 30 were obtained through a 24-hour dietary recall done by trained interviewers in the mobile examination center. Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies codes of foods and beverages were converted to their corresponding amount (g) of added sugars using the US Department of Agriculture Food Patterns Equivalent Database for every NHANES cycle. ...

Reference:

Adiposity is not associated with caries among youth in the United States

... For each food and beverage item, participants reported their average dietary intake in the past 12 months, including the frequency (9 frequencies ranging from "never" to "every day") and portion size (3 or 4 quantity choices per food item or group of similar food items). Based on FFQ data, nutrient intake was estimated using the United States Department of Agriculture Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies for US women [29]. ...

Reference:

Association between healthy dietary patterns and markers of oxidative stress in the Sister Study

... There is some evidence that our participants may have over-reported fruit/vegetable intake; on average, participants reported that fruits and vegetables made up one third of their total daily food intake. This finding is inconsistent with estimates, based on nationally representative dietary surveys, that a majority of adults do not meet USDA dietary recommended five daily servings of fruits and vegetables (e.g.,Bowman, Friday, Clemens, & Moshfegh, 2015;Moore & ...

Reference:

Avoidant/restrictive Food Intake Disorder In Adults: Descriptive Psychopathology And Measure Development

... However, there was no difference in reported fruit and vegetable intake, which may reflect the generally low level of intake in the general population. 28 Several demographic and clinical factors were controlled for in this study, including gender, age, race/ethnicity, marital status, current employment, smoking, financial strain, substance use disorder, and antipsychotic use. 27 A cross-sectional analysis comparing 23 women with bipolar disorder with women with no past or current depressive or anxiety disorders was undertaken by Jacka et al. 29 Their findings demonstrated that people with bipolar disorder consumed a higher energy/kilojoule intake and a diet with a higher glycemic load. ...

Reference:

Diet and Bipolar Disorder: A Review of Its Relationship and Potential Therapeutic Mechanisms of Action

... Raw weight of beef was estimated, for later linkage with HGP concentrations measured in raw retail beef products, by dividing the beef ingredient's cooked weight by a moisture adjustment factor of 0.75 (assuming 25% of weight is lost as water during cooking). This factor is used by FNDDS to account for moisture loss during cooking when determining nutritional value [30,31]. The steps are described in Eq. (1) below. ...

Reference:

Estimated human intake of endogenous and exogenous hormones from beef in the United States

... Second, we incorporated additional emissions for selected ingredients using conversion factors identified from commodity trade data sources so that the final functional unit for each ingredient reflected kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalents per kilogram of edible ingredient (kg CO 2 eq/kg ingredient). These conversion factors accounted for ingredient mass lost during ingredient processing, preparation and production (e.g., refuse losses including skin and stalks or waste occurring during production) (Bowman et al., 2010;FAO, 1996;Mertens et al., 2019a) and emissions associated with industrial ingredient cooking upstream of retail (e.g., industrial roasting) or other modification (e.g., drying, sweetening or breading) (Frankowska et al., 2020;Mertens et al., 2019aMertens et al., , 2019b. Post-production ingredient losses due to processing occurring after the farm gate (e.g., the evaporation of milk when baked into a cake) were not included in our analysis. ...

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A novel approach to estimate product-specific greenhouse gas emissions for 23,550 Australian packaged foods and beverages

... Salty snacks included crackers, pretzels, breadsticks, and other crunchy savory items that are consumed as snacks or pre-meal appetizers across both countries (5,24). Industrially produced breads were selected as a category because industrial breads are the standard bread product consumed in the US (4,27), and while the consumption of artisanal breads is most common in Italy, the use of industrial breads is emerging (28). Similarly, frozen pizza was chosen as a category because it is widely consumed in the US (29) and its availability and consumption in Italy has grown in recent years (30). ...

Reference:

The Italian food environment may confer protection from hyper-palatable foods: evidence and comparison with the United States

... Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption is a risk factor for diabetes and obesity; and, in turn, obesity is a major risk factor for diabetes and cardiovascular and other noncommunicable diseases [2][3][4]. Thus, SSB dietary policy interventions are a key tool for obesity and diabetes prevention with SSBs representing the largest source of added sugars in the American diet [5,6]. Price promotions play an important role in the sales of SSBs. ...

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The impact of the Oakland sugar-sweetened beverage tax on price promotions of sugar-sweetened and alternative beverages

... Because restaurant food is a significant contributor to children's dietary intake (Fryar et al., 2020), policies that aim to improve the healthfulness of kids' meals, which are generally of low nutritional quality (Dunn et al., 2020), have the potential to improve diet and reduce chronic diseases. Consumption of restaurant food among children is associated with higher intake of total energy and sugar, as well as greater consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) (Powell and Nguyen, 2013)-the largest contributor of added sugars in children's diets (Bowman et al., 2019). Fast food and SSBs have also been identified as primary dietary risk factors for overweight and obesity among children (Jakobsen et al., 2023). ...

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Changes in chain restaurant kids' meal beverage offerings on online ordering platforms after a healthy beverage default policy in New Orleans, Louisiana

... Raw weight of beef was estimated, for later linkage with HGP concentrations measured in raw retail beef products, by dividing the beef ingredient's cooked weight by a moisture adjustment factor of 0.75 (assuming 25% of weight is lost as water during cooking). This factor is used by FNDDS to account for moisture loss during cooking when determining nutritional value [30,31]. The steps are described in Eq. (1) below. ...

Reference:

Estimated human intake of endogenous and exogenous hormones from beef in the United States