Jacob S. Siegel’s scientific contributions

... Life expectancy is an important indicator because it provides valuable information to understand human behaviour, cultural aspects, living conditions and governmental policies towards survival and quality of life at different times and across nations and socioeconomic groups. 1,2 Life expectancy 3 has been used widely over the years as the best metric for assessing the health status of a population or socioeconomic group. It is a more comprehensive and representative measure than infant, child, and overall mortality rates. ...

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Life expectancy from Prehistoric times to the 21st Century

... Over the years demographers and other social scientists have developed many methods for recognizing and , in some cases, overcoming census data problems . The variety and complexity of these methods are far too vast to be recounted here; instead, the reader is referred to several of the standard works on the subject (Jaffe , 1951;Barclay, 1958;Shryock and Siegel , 1980;Coale and Demeny, 1966) . ...

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1. On the Use of Russian and Soviet Censuses for Research

... To identify these cases, we pursue a quasi-cohort approach, defining categories of places by the census year (from 1980 through 2010) when each place reaches its peak level of racial-ethnic diversity. The diversity categories qualify as cohorts in a broad sense: their member places all experience a common event at about the same time, and that event is expected to have important implications for their future (Shryock & Siegel 1975). However, unlike most cohorts familiar to demographers-for example, people who are born, graduate from high school, or marry in the same year 1 -the assignment of a place to a cohort may not be fixed. ...

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Bucking the Trend: Is Ethnoracial Diversity Declining in American Communities?

... The selection of census variables for this study was based on commonly utilized demographic, socioeconomic and housing indicators in previous research [10,17,18,20,32,33], and the definitions for those indicators are presented in Table 1. The Gini coefficient measuring income inequality was calculated based on the distribution of household income [34]. Its value, ranging from 0 to 1, reflects the degree of income inequality: 0 means equal distribution of household income (i.e., every household in the census tract has the same income); and 1 means complete inequality (i.e., one household has all the income, other households earn nothing). ...

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Changes in population characteristics and their implication on public health research

... This circumstance has prompted an examination of both the inherent and external factors that can account for this development. Several models, including deterministic and, more recently, stochastic models, such as the Lee-Carter model [1], the bi-factorial Lee-Carter model (LC2) (see [2,3]), and the Plat model [4], have been put to the test, leading to innovative mortality modeling approaches and comparative studies aimed at determining the most suitable model for application in this context (see [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]). ...

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Modelling French and Portuguese Mortality Rates with Stochastic Differential Equation Models: A Comparative Study

... From an epidemiological perspective, such disparities often reflect a pattern of temporary mobility among the population. 48 Similarly, the difference in iAMR and the proportion of abortion-related deaths by place of occurrence between states with and without amendment was abolished when the Federal District was removed from the latter group. Thus, interstate mobility into the Federal District appears to be associated with an increased risk of maternal mortality for pregnant women arriving from other states. ...

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Abortion legislation, maternal healthcare, fertility, female literacy, sanitation, violence against women and maternal deaths: a natural experiment in 32 Mexican states

... In theory, the completeness of any registration system is therefore tied to the effective completion of birth registrations. Methods exist to compare birth registrations directly with census data and sample surveys conducted for the particular purpose of calculating completeness; however, some studies use indirect estimation techniques based on inadequate or limited data (Shryock/Siegel 1976;UNICEF 2005). Birth registration and its level of completeness have been studied by demographers and statisticians primarily as a data quality issue (Mikkelsen et al. 2015). ...

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Unregistered Births of Adolescent Mothers in Turkey: Invisible Children

... The total divorce rate per woman or man is a sum of the age-specific divorce rates. It expresses the proportion of divorces per man or woman, assuming a constant level of age-specific divorce rates for at least 50 years and zero mortality (Shryock & Siegel, 2013). Table 1 Overview of the independent variables entering the models during the first stage Slovak/Czech Nationality W is the share of women of "native" Slovak or Czech nationality aged 16 years and over in the total number of women, aged 16 years and over in each district. ...

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Puzzling Regional Factors of Divorce: the Case of Postcommunist Czechia and Slovakia

... In the present study, aging is calculated from the division of the population over 65 years to the population of 0-15 multiplied by 100 (Noroozian, 2012). Also, the aging index was estimated by the ratio of people aged 65 and over to the total population (Shryock & Siegel, 1976). The Kaplan-Meier method and Nelson-Aalen estimator are very well-matched methods to show survival function. ...

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Population Aging Tendencies in Islamic Countries Between 1950-2020: A Geographical Assessment

... Life expectancy (LE) is a key demographic indicator that provides a summary index of the mortality experience of populations (Shyrock and Siegel 1976). This indicator is nowadays world-widely used to assess the populations' health and to make international comparisons between countries health (Eyler) as well as to examine geographic and socio-demographic inequalities in mortality (Griffiths and Fitzpatrick, for instance). ...

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Variances of life expectancy estimations