Jack Sani’s scientific contributions

In an increasingly interconnected world, soft power has emerged as a key tool in shaping international relations and strengthening global alliances. Unlike traditional hard power strategies that rely on military or economic coercion, soft power leverages cultural diplomacy to enhance a nation's influence, build relationships, and foster cooperation on the global stage. Cultural diplomacy involves the use of cultural exchanges, educational programs, arts, media, and other cultural assets to promote a country's values, ideas, and heritage while facilitating mutual understanding and respect among nations. This approach has proven to be effective in fostering goodwill, increasing diplomatic engagement, and expanding international partnerships. Cultural diplomacy serves as a means for countries to project a positive image abroad, fostering deeper connections with foreign publics and policymakers. As the global landscape becomes more complex, countries increasingly recognize the power of culture as a bridge to forge alliances, resolve conflicts, and navigate geopolitical challenges. By analyzing the role of cultural diplomacy in soft power strategies, this paper explores how nations use culture to enhance their standing in the international community. It examines successful examples of cultural diplomacy, such as the U.S.'s exchange programs, China's Confucius Institutes, and South Korea's Korean Wave (Hallyu), highlighting their impact on strengthening bilateral relations and fostering economic, political, and social cooperation.