J.W. Kadereit's research while affiliated with Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz and other places
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Publications (321)
Background and aims:
The most species-rich and ecologically diverse plant radiation on the Canary Islands is the Aeonium alliance (Crassulaceae). In island radiations like this, speciation can take place either within islands or following dispersal between islands. Aiming at quantifying intra- and inter-island speciation events in the evolution of...
Two species of the Calcarata species complex of Viola section Melanium have been hypothesized to be of polyploid hybrid origin. To test this hypothesis, we used a modified restriction site associated (RAD) DNA-sequencing approach along with ITS and plastid DNA sequence data for reconstructing and dating the phylogeny of the group. For the detection...
Saxifraga section Saxifraga subsection Arachnoideae is a lineage of 12 species distributed mainly in the European Alps. It is unusual in terms of ecological diversification by containing both high elevation species from exposed alpine habitats and low elevation species from shady habitats such as overhanging rocks and cave entrances. Our aims are t...
The major response of organisms to the climatic oscillations of the Quaternary was migration. Considering alpine plants, migration into low elevation cold-stage refugia took place in glacial periods, and re-migration into high elevation areas in interglacial periods and the Holocene. The present review examines the possibility that populations at t...
The 22nd edition of the Rothmaler field flora was published in 2021, and the present article gives comments on the numerous, especial major changes. We added new species, and for the first time included an Algae group; the stoneworts, Characeae, which in many practical respects resemble vascular plants. For all species, biological data were revised...
Die Sand-Lotwurz, Onosma arenaria, kommt in Deutschland nur im Gebiet des Mainzer Sandes vor. Es wird allgemein angenommen, dass das Vorkommen der Art hier als Restvorkommen einer nacheiszeitlich weiter ausgedehnten, heute südosteuropäischen Steppe interpretiert werden muss. Jüngere Untersuchungen haben gezeigt, dass O. helvetica aus der südwestlic...
Die Sand-Quecke, Elymus arenosus, ist eine in ihrer Umgrenzung, taxonomischen Bewertung und geographischen Verbreitung umstrittene Art. Während einige Autoren sie als Endemiten des Mainzer Sandes betrachten, wird sie von anderen Autoren, häufig als Unterart, als auch an den Küsten Nordwesteuropas weitverbreitet aufgefasst. Unter Verwendung von plas...
This special issue of the journal Alpine Botany brings together syntheses, macroecological and taxon-specific studies of patterns and processes of plant evolution in major mountain ranges across Europe, Africa, the Americas and Asia. Apart from reflecting current conceptual and methodological perspectives in the field, it contributes to our underst...
The distinction of the annual Sagina apetala and S. micropetala (= S. apetala subsp. erecta, S. filicaulis) is based mainly on the position of sepals in fruit and shape and colour of the sepals, but identification of the two species is difficult. A molecular phylogeny of material identified as S. apetala and S. micropetala as well as other species...
Colobanthus (23 species) and Sagina (30–33 species) together are sister to Facchinia. Whereas Facchinia is distributed in western Eurasia, Colobanthus is almost exclusively distributed in the Southern Hemisphere, and Sagina is distributed in both hemispheres with the highest species diversity in western Eurasia. We examined: 1. Whether Sagina and C...
Background
There are conflicting views between palaeobotanists and plant systematists/evolutionary biologists regarding the occurrence of plant speciation in the Quaternary. Palaeobotanists advocate that Quaternary speciation was rare despite opposing molecular phylogenetic evidence, the extent of which appears underappreciated.
Aims
To document,...
Background
Cherleria (Caryophyllaceae) is a circumboreal genus that also occurs in the high mountains of the northern hemisphere. In this study, we focus on a clade that diversified in the European High Mountains, which was identified using nuclear ribosomal (nrDNA) sequence data in a previous study. With the nrDNA data, all but one species was mon...
Tephroseris is generally considered a difficult genus. Based on the examination of extensive herbarium material and considering the existing literature, we recognize seven species in Europe outside Russia. These are T. palustris, T. integrifolia with subsp. integrifolia, subsp. aurantiaca, subsp. capitata, subsp. maritima, subsp. serpentini and sub...
Das Ziel der Systematik besteht darin, die enorme Vielfalt von Organismen unterschiedlichster Form und Lebensweise zu ordnen. Dies erfordert die Erkennung von Arten und deren Zusammenfassung zu systematischen Gruppen höherer Rangstufe (Gattungen, Familien usw.). Zu den Aufgaben der Systematik gehört es auch, Arten und höhere systematische Gruppen z...
Unsere Erde wird von einer enormen Zahl von Organismen unterschiedlichster Form und Lebensweise bewohnt. Allein im Pflanzen- und Pilzreich sind heute mindestens ungefähr 360.000 unterschiedliche Arten bekannt, und eine Vielzahl von Arten ist noch nicht beschrieben. Nach der wohl einmaligen Entstehung des Lebens auf der Erde vor mehr als 3,5 Mrd. Ja...
In den vorangehenden Kapiteln wurden Zellen als elementare Lebenseinheiten und Bauelemente von Geweben behandelt. Auch im Vielzeller ist jede einzelne Zelle tatsächlich eine elementare Lebenseinheit, aber sie repräsentiert hier nicht den Organismus, dessen makroskopische Gestaltung vom zellulären Bau genauso unabhängig ist wie die Architektur eines...
Die Flora und damit auch die Vegetation der Erde haben sich seit Entstehung des Lebens vor wahrscheinlich mehr als 3,5 Mrd. Jahren bzw. seit Entstehung der Pflanzen vor ca. 2,1 Mrd. Jahren ständig verändert. Aussterben und Neuentstehung von Arten waren jedoch kein kontinuierlicher Prozess (► Exkurs 20.1). Das heutige Pflanzenkleid der Erde kann als...
Nach der Entstehung des Lebens hat eine evolutionäre Differenzierung der Lebewesen in zwei Hauptgruppen stattgefunden, die Archaea (Archaeen) und Bacteria (Bakterien). Soweit man das heute weiß, ist eine Teilgruppe der Archaea der engste Verwandte eukaryotischer Organismen (Eukarya, Eukaryoten). Ungeachtet dieser Verwandtschaftsverhältnisse werden...
Die Hauptquellen genetischer Variation sind Mutation und Rekombination. Eine Mutation als eine spontane (oder experimentell induzierte) Veränderung des Erbguts kann auf sehr unterschiedlicher Ebene und in allen Genomen der Pflanzenzelle stattfinden. Es kann zur Veränderung der Nucleotidsequenz in einem Gen kommen (Genmutation), die Struktur der Chr...
Genetische Variation entsteht durch Mutation, aber auch durch die Durchmischung des Erbguts unterschiedlicher Individuen. Dieser als Rekombination bezeichnete Prozess ist bei eukaryotischen Organismen an die sexuelle Fortpflanzung gebunden. Die Rekombination des elterlichen Erbguts wird einerseits durch die Zufälligkeit der Verschmelzung von Keimze...
Ecogeographical displacement of homoploid hybrid lineages from their parents is well documented and considered an important mechanism to achieve reproductive isolation. In this study, we investigated the origin of the flowering plant species Sempervivum tectorum in the Massif Central (France) through homoploid hybridization between lineages of the...
Seit 120 Jahren liegt die Stärke des STRASBURGERs in der ausgewogenen Darstellung aller Teilgebiete der Pflanzenwissenschaften. In der vorliegenden 38. Auflage sind besonders die Teile Struktur und Entwicklung stark überarbeitet worden.
• Der Teil Struktur beschreibt den pflanzlichen Aufbau ausgehend von der Ebene der Zelle über die Gewebe bis hin...
As efforts to recognise the Anthropocene as a new epoch of geological time are mounting, the controversial debate about the time of its beginning continues. Here, we suggest the term Palaeoanthropocene for the period between the first, barely recognizable, anthropogenic environmental changes and the industrial revolution when anthropogenically indu...
Sedum, containing approximately 470 species, is by far the largest genus of Crassulaceae. Three decades of molecular phylogenetic work have provided evidence for the non-monophyly of Sedum and many more of the 30 genera of Crassulaceae subfam. Sempervivoideae. In this study, we present a broadly sampled and dated molecular phylogeny of Sempervivoid...
Background
Cherleria (Caryophyllaceae) is a circumboreal genus that also occurs in the high mountains of the northern hemisphere. In this study, we focus on a clade that diversified in the European High Mountains, which was identified using nuclear ribosomal (nrDNA) sequence data in a previous study. With the nrDNA data, all but one species was mon...
Background: Cherleria (Caryophyllaceae) is a circumboreal genus that also occurs in the high mountains of the northern hemisphere. In this study, we focus on a clade that diversified in the European High Mountains, which was identified using nuclear ribosomal (nrDNA) sequence data in a previous study. With the nrDNA data, all but one species was mo...
Molecular phylogenetic results had shown that Tephroseris, a genus differentiated from its closest relatives by its pinnately veined leaves, also contains species with palmate leaf venation. This had led to the conclusion that leaf venation is a homoplasious character in the lineage containing Tephroseris. We here take a closer look at leaf venatio...
Floristic similarities between European and Asian mountain ranges have long been recognized, and the hypothesis that European mountain plant taxa immigrated from Asian mountain areas has been confirmed by several molecular phylogenetic analyses. Callianthemum contains ca. 14 species, of which ca. 11 are distributed in Asia and three in Europe. A mo...
Sempervivum tectorum (Crassulaceae), an orophyte widespread in the European high mountains, also
grows in rocky habitats of the Rhine Gorge area (Upper Middle Rhine, Mosel and Ahr river valleys). On the background
of its long history of cultivation, it is unclear whether S. tectorum is native or naturalized in the Rhine Gorge
area. Using 52 accessi...
Quaternary climatic oscillations have been a major factor in shaping plant diversity and distribution in the European Alpine System (EAS). Plants responded to these oscillations with repeated changes in their abundance and geographical distribution. However, oscillating shifts in geographical distribution have only rarely been reported in molecular...
Aim
Molecular phylogenetic inferences have been important to test hypotheses of the temporal and geographical origin of plant lineages from the Mediterranean region (MR) and their rates of diversification. However, comparisons are still rare between well‐sampled and closely related clades from within and outside the MR. Here, we compare the biogeog...
The present volume of this book series completes the treatment of the Asterids. Asterids are now contained in Vols. VI (Cornales, Ericales, 2004), VII (Lamiales, 2004), VIII (Asterales, 2007), XIV (Aquifoliales, Boraginales, Bruniales, Dipsacales, Escalloniales, Garryales, Paracryphiales, Solanales, Icacinaceae, Metteniusaceae, Vahliaceae, 2016) an...
This volume covers the orders Apiales (Asterids I) and Gentianales (except Rubiaceae; Asterids II). It is the last of five volumes to (almost) complete the treatment of the Asterids in this series after publication of Vols. VI (Cornales, Ericales, 2004), VII (Lamiales, 2004), VIII (Asterales, 2007) and XIV (Aquifoliales, Boraginales, Bruniales, Dip...
Cherleria sedoides, a plant species widespread in alpine areas of the major European mountain ranges and in Scotland, contains two highly divergent chloroplast haplotype groups, one widespread (WH) and one present only in some populations in the Alps (AH). We investigated whether this haplotype diversity is the result of (1) intraspecific different...
The currently favoured model of the evolution of C4 photosynthesis relies heavily on the interpretation of the broad phenotypic range of naturally growing C3 -C4 intermediates as proxies for evolutionary intermediate steps. On the other hand, C3 -C4 intermediates had earlier been interpreted as hybrids or hybrid derivates. By first comparing experi...
Understanding the relative importance of different mechanisms of speciation in a given lineage requires fully resolved interspecific relationships. Using Facchinia, a genus of seven species centred in the European Alps, we explore whether the polytomy found by Sanger sequencing analyses of standard nuclear (ITS) and plastid markers (trnQ-rps16) is...
By harbouring ca. 3500 native vascular plant species in an area of ca. 170 000 km², the European Alps represent a region of very high species diversity. Using the most recently published flora of the area and phylogenetic literature, I here review which proportion of the endemic flora of the Alps is the result of in situ diversification, i.e., of d...
BackgroundA previous multi-locus lineage (MLL) analysis of SSR-microsatellite data of old olive trees in the southeast Mediterranean area had shown the predominance of the Souri cultivar (MLL1) among grafted trees. The MLL analysis had also identified an MLL (MLL7) that was more common among rootstocks than other MLLs. We here present a comparison...
Background
Naturally growing populations of olive trees are found in the Mediterranean garrigue and maquis in Israel. Here, we used the Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) genetic marker technique to investigate whether these represent wild var. sylvestris. Leaf samples were collected from a total of 205 trees at six sites of naturally growing olive popul...
Premise of the study:
Floras of continental habitat islands, like those of islands, originate mostly through colonization, which can be followed by in situ speciation. We here address the question of the relative importance of colonization and in situ diversification in the high-altitude areas of the eastern African high mountains, the tropical Af...
Aim
Investigation of the geographical origin of Senecio and the colonization of the Palaearctic including the relationship of life‐history strategy and elevational distribution in the source area and the colonized area.
Location
Worldwide with a focus on the Afrotropic and the Palaearctic.
Methods
Sampling focused on adding species from the Afrot...
Decreasing plant size with increasing latitude or altitude is a commonly observed pattern. Among the four genera of the Petasites-clade (Asteraceae–Senecioneae), Petasites and Tussilago, widespread throughout the Northern Hemisphere, mostly have large leaves and many capitula, whereas Homogyne and Endocellion from alpine and arctic environments hav...
The present volume of this book series is the first of two to (almost) complete the treatment of the Asterids which started with Vol. VI (Cornales, Ericales, 2004), Vol. VII (Lamiales, 2004) and Vol. VIII (Asterales, 2007). It contains the orders Boraginales, Garryales and Solanales of the Lamiids (Asterids I) as well as three unplaced families of...
The use of DNA sequence data in plant systematics has brought us closer than ever to formulating well-founded hypotheses about phylogenetic relationships, and phylogenetic research keeps on revealing that plant genera as traditionally circumscribed often are not monophyletic. Here, we assess the monophyly of genera documented in Rothmaler's "Exkurs...
Fossil evidence, phylogeographic analyses, species distribution modelling and ancient DNA analyses have all shown that plant distributions have been highly dynamic through time. We use the geographical distribution of intra- and interspecific hybrids in Sempervivum, a western Eurasian high mountain oreophyte, as evidence for the past range dynamics...
This volume covers the orders Boraginales, Garryales and Solanales (except Convolvulaceae) of the Lamiids (Asterids I) as well as three unplaced families of that clade, i.e. Vahliaceae, Icacinaceae and Metteniusaceae, and the orders Aquifoliales, Escalloniales, Bruniales, Dipsacales and Paracryphiales of the Campanulids (Asterids II). It is the fir...
Facchinia
Rchb. (Alsinoideae–Caryophyllaceae), earlier found not to be part of
Minuartia
s.str., is here revised. The genus contains seven species, one of which has two subspecies. Seven new combinations are made:
Facchinia cerastiifolia
(Ramond ex DC.) Dillenb. & Kadereit,
F. cherlerioides
(Sieber) Dillenb. & Kadereit,
F. cherlerioides
subsp.
aret...
Both homoploid and polyploid hybrid speciation are commonly considered straightforward examples of sympatric speciation. Based on 28 studies of homoploid and 34 studies of polyploid hybrid species I conclude that lati- / longitudinal and/or altitudinal ecogeographical displacement of hybrid lineages from parental lineages has been observed in the m...
Cherleria sedoides L. (Minuartia sedoides (L.) Hiern) is a montane perennial which, with some species in Minuartia sect. Spectabiles, is more closely related to Scleranthus than to other Minuartia species and is therefore best restored to the reinstated and redefined genus Cherleria. Reconstruction of the ancestral area of the clade containing C. s...
Tertiary relict plant species of Europe have had a large distribution range before the Pleistocene but today are confined to small refugial areas. Syringa josikaea of the largely East Asian genus Syringa is a shrub of temperate forests in the Carpathians, restricted to altogether 25 small populations in two disjunct areas, the Apuseni Mountains (Ro...
Premise of research. We reconstructed the phylogeny, biogeographical history, and evolution of edaphic association in Sempervivum and Jovibarba (Crassulaceae), two oreophytic genera of the mountain flora of Europe and adjacent areas.
Methodology. Using two nuclear markers (internal transcribed spacer and parts of intergenic spacer) and three chlor...
A species-level phylogeny is presented for Triglochin, the largest genus of Juncaginaceae (Alismatales) comprising about 30 species of annual and perennial herbs. Triglochin has an almost cosmopolitan distribution with Australia as centre of species diversity. Trans-Atlantic and trans-African disjunctions exist in the genus. Phylogenetic analyses w...
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The opportunity for habitat shift in sympatry is thought to be an important factor in sympatric speciation by facilitating assortative mating and offering opportunities for divergent selection. Oenanthe conioides (Apiaceae) is a narrow endemic from the lower Elbe river area (Germany) where it is restricted to areas experiencing fresh water tides in...
Die Hauptquellen genetischer Variation sind Mutation und Rekombination. Eine Mutation als eine spontane (oder experimentell induzierte) Veränderung des Erbguts kann auf sehr unterschiedlicher Ebene und in allen Genomen der pflanzlichen Zelle stattfinden. Es kann zur Veränderung der Nucleotidsequenz in einem Gen kommen (Genmutation), die Struktur de...
In den vorangehenden Kapiteln wurden Zellen als elementare Lebenseinheiten und Bauelemente von Geweben behandelt. Auch im Vielzeller ist jede einzelne Zelle tatsächlich eine elementare Lebenseinheit, aber sie repräsentiert hier nicht den Organismus, dessen makroskopische Gestaltung vom zellulären Bau genauso unabhängig ist wie die Architektur eines...
Genetische Variation entsteht durch Mutation, aber auch durch die Durchmischung des Erbguts unterschiedlicher Individuen. Dieser als Rekombination bezeichnete Prozess ist bei eukaryotischen Organismen an die sexuelle Fortpflanzung gebunden. Die Rekombination des elterlichen Erbguts wird einerseits durch die Zufälligkeit der Verschmelzung von Keimze...
Nach der Entstehung des Lebens (s. Box 24.1) hat eine evolutionäre Differenzierung der Lebewesen in drei Hauptgruppen stattgefunden, die meist als Reiche (Regnum/Regna) oder Domänen klassifiziert werden. Dies sind die Archaea, Bacteria und Eukarya. Gegenstand der Botanik und damit auch dieses Lehrbuchs sind Pflanzen sowie solche algenähnlichen phot...
Das Ziel der Systematik besteht darin, die enorme Vielfalt von Organismen unterschiedlichster Form und Lebensweise zu ordnen. Dies erfordert die Erkennung von Arten und deren Zusammenfassung zu systematischen Gruppen höherer Rangstufe (Gattungen, Familien usw.). Zu den Aufgaben der Systematik gehört es auch, Arten und höhere systematische Gruppen z...
Unsere Erde wird von einer enormen Zahl von Organismen unterschiedlichster Form und Lebensweise bewohnt. Allein im Pflanzen- und Pilzreich sind heute ungefähr 360 000 unterschiedliche Arten bekannt, und eine Vielzahl von Arten ist noch nicht beschrieben. Nach der wohl einmaligen Entstehung des Lebens auf der Erde vor mehr als 3,5 Mrd. Jahren ist di...
The European endemic Soldanella has traditionally been divided into two morphologically well-defined sections. Section Tubiflores contains two species growing in high-elevation habitats, whereas most of the 14 species of section Soldanella inhabit montane forests. Section Tubiflores has a reduced floral morphology compared with section Soldanella....
Background
Past clonal propagation of olive trees is intimately linked to grafting. However, evidence on grafting in ancient trees is scarce, and not much is known about the source of plant material used for rootstocks. Here, the Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) marker technique was used to study genetic diversity of rootstocks and scions in ancient ol...
Minuartia is one of the larger genera of Caryophyllaceae with about 175 species distributed mainly in the Northern Hemisphere. The taxonomy of the genus has been studied by several authors, resulting in the recognition of numerous infrageneric groups. Previous phylogenies of the Caryophyllaceae showed that Minuartia is polyphyletic, but included on...
Substrate specialization is often considered an important factor in evolutionary diversification. A classic example of divergence related to different substrate types is the dichotomy between calcicole and calcifuge plants on calcareous and siliceous substrates as found in the European Alps. When closely related species with contrasting substrate p...
As efforts to recognize the Anthropocene as a new epoch of geological time are mounting, the controversial debate about the time of its beginning continues. Here, we suggest the term Palaeoanthropocene for the period between the first, barely recognizable, anthropogenic environmental changes and the industrial revolution when anthropogenically indu...
This famous book on botany was published for the first time in 1894 by Eduard Strasburger and his co-workers. The present edition is based on a translation of the 36th edition of the German "Strasburger" and contains additional contributions by renowned experts in the field. The "Strasburger" comprises a highly appealing and holistic approach to th...
AimWe investigated the late Quaternary history of two closely related and partly sympatric species of Primula from the south‐western European Alps, P. marginata Curtis and P. latifolia Lapeyr., by combining phylogeographical and palaeodistribution modelling approaches. In particular, we were interested in whether the two approaches were congruent a...
Unlabelled:
•
Premise of the study:
Heterogeneity of edaphic conditions plays a large role in driving the diversification of many plant groups. In the Alps and other European high mountains, many closely related calcicole and calcifuge plant taxa exist. To better understand patterns and processes of edaphic differentiation, the phylogeny of the...
Serpentine soils harbour a unique flora that is rich in endemics. We examined the evolution of serpentine endemism in Minuartia laricifolia, which has two ecologically distinct subspecies with disjunct distributions: subsp. laricifolia on siliceous rocks in the western Alps and eastern Pyrenees and subsp. ophiolitica on serpentine in the northern A...
The species of Primula L. sect. Auricula Duby subsect. Euauricula Pax are mainly distributed in the southern Alps and Pre-Alps, with a very high rate of endemism: of 16-17 species currently recognized, seven are narrowly endemic and restricted to very small areas, four are endemic to various sectors of the southern Alps, and only five have a wider...
The aim of systematic research is to organize the huge diversity of organisms. This requires the recognition of species and their classification into systematic groups of higher rank (genera, families, etc.). Challenges in systematics include the description and naming of species and higher systematic groups and the provision of the means of identi...
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##Assembly-Data-START## Assembly Method :: Sequencher v. 4.10 Sequencing Technology :: Sanger dideoxy sequencing ##Assembly-Data-END##
##Assembly-Data-START## Assembly Method :: Sequencher v. 4.10 Sequencing Technology :: Sanger dideoxy sequencing ##Assembly-Data-END##
##Assembly-Data-START## Assembly Method :: Sequencher v. 4.10 Sequencing Technology :: Sanger dideoxy sequencing ##Assembly-Data-END##
##Assembly-Data-START## Assembly Method :: Sequencher v. 4.10 Sequencing Technology :: Sanger dideoxy sequencing ##Assembly-Data-END##
##Assembly-Data-START## Assembly Method :: Sequencher v. 4.10 Sequencing Technology :: Sanger dideoxy sequencing ##Assembly-Data-END##
##Assembly-Data-START## Assembly Method :: Sequencher v. 4.10 Sequencing Technology :: Sanger dideoxy sequencing ##Assembly-Data-END##
##Assembly-Data-START## Assembly Method :: Sequencher v. 4.10 Sequencing Technology :: Sanger dideoxy sequencing ##Assembly-Data-END##
Dillenberger M. S. & Kadereit J. W.: Two new combinations in Adenostyles (Asteraceae, Senecioneae), a conspectus of the genus and key to its species and subspecies. — Willdenowia 42: 57-61. June 2012. — Online ISSN 1868-6397; © 2012 BGBM Berlin-Dahlem. Stable URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3372/wi.42.42105 Based on a molecular phylogeny (using ITS, ETS...
![Figure 1: SDMs from consensus modeling (A, present; B, LGM [21 kyrs];...](profile/Peter-Pearman/publication/230571101/figure/fig3/AS:267678585716762@1440830956831/SDMs-from-consensus-modeling-A-present-B-LGM-21-kyrs-C-stable-areas-for-Primula_Q320.jpg)
![Figure 2: SDMs from consensus modeling (A, present; B, LGM [21 kyrs];...](profile/Peter-Pearman/publication/230571101/figure/fig4/AS:267692871516191@1440834363049/SDMs-from-consensus-modeling-A-present-B-LGM-21-kyrs-C-stable-areas-for-P_Q320.jpg)
The major intention of the present study was to investigate whether an approach combining the use of niche-based palaeodistribution modeling and phylo-geography would support or modify hypotheses about the Quaternary distributional history derived from phylogeographic methods alone. Our study system comprised two closely related species of Alpine P...
Aim Our goals were: (1) to investigate patterns of genetic variation in the French Massif Central (MC) of Soldanella alpina (Primulaceae), an alpine plant species that has only one known population in the region; (2) to analyse these patterns in order to deduce the Quaternary history of the population and to predict how current climatic warming may...
The perennial herb Meconopsis cambrica, a western European endemic, is the only European species of the otherwise Himalayan genus Meconopsis and has been interpreted as a Tertiary relict species. Using rbcL and ITS sequence variation, we date the split between M. cambrica and its sister clade Papaver s.str. to the Middle to Upper Miocene (12.8 Myr,...
By reviewing 25 cases of western Eurasian-western North American disjunct flowering plant taxa, we sought to improve understanding of the origin of this type of biogeographic pattern. In nine of the groups studied, phylogenetic and other evidence (often circumstantial) was found for parallel evolutionary shifts of widespread Northern Hemisphere lin...
Hybridization is an important evolutionary factor in the diversification of many plant and animal species. Of particular interest is that historical hybridization resulting in the origin of new species or introgressants has occurred between species now geographically separated by great distances. Here, we report that Senecio massaicus, a tetraploid...
Salicornia procumbens and S. stricta are two tetraploid European salt marsh species of locally adjacent but ecologically differentiated distribution. Whereas S. procumbens grows in the lowest part of the salt marsh, it is replaced by S. stricta in the middle part (and diploid Salicornias in the upper part). Using AFLPs and a reciprocal transplantat...
The long history of the deliberate or accidental and human-mediated dispersal of flowering plants has led to the introduction of foreign genotypes of many species into areas of Europe hitherto occupied by potentially distinct native populations. Studies of the genetic and evolutionary consequences of such changes are handicapped by the difficulty o...
The correct assessment of homology is an important prerequisite for reconstructing phylogenetic relationships and character evolution. Old World Papaveroideae (Papaver, Meconopsis, Roemeria, Stylomecon) show substantial diversity in gynoecium and capsule morphology. In particular, capsules can have distinct styles (Meconopsis p.p., Stylomecon) or a...
Lamiales as presented here are a well-supported clade of the Lamiids (Bremer et al. 2002) found in all major, recent molecular studies of the Asterids (APG II 2003; see also Wagenitz 1992). The Lamiids, comprising approximately 23,600 species in 1140 genera, are herbaceous or less commonly woody plants with Lamiales as presented here are a well-sup...
Citations
... Hybridization and polyploidy are important mechanisms of speciation in plants (e.g. Schley et al., 2022), and Hühn et al. (2023) examine these processes in the origin of two species of Viola L. section Melanium Ging. (Violaceae). ...
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... Patterns of diversity of high-mountain flora are intimately linked between neighboring mountain ecosystems, such as Southwestern Alps, Pyrenees, Sierra Nevada, Apennines, Carpathians, Dinarids, and Balkans, where most of the actual alpine lineages found shelter during glaciations (Loidi et al. 2015;Kadereit 2023). It is essential for the studies to be able to predict hypothetical ancestral areas where species or their populations were in contact and how they diverged, allowing the reconstruction of possible evolutionary scenarios in order to understand patterns of diversity of the mountain flora (Parisod 2022;Nieto Feliner et al. 2023). ...
... Dillenberger and Kadereit [17] (p. 20) lectotypified the name Sagina apetala var. ...
... to evolutionary divergence of the isolated populations, and hence increase species origination rate (Kadereit & Abbott, 2021). Less obviously, intervals offering suitable climatic conditions more extensively potentially allowed previously isolated but related species to exchange genetic material. ...