J.P.T. Higgins’s scientific contributions

... In order to quantify the impact of the experimental variable, investigators calculated the average divergence between outcomes for the test and comparison collectives, standardizing this value by the standard mistake encompassing all participants randomly assigned to the various conditions. Heterogeneity was evaluated by employing the DerSimonian and Lard test, utilizing the Chi-square (Q) statistic, and assessing the Inconsistency index (I2) statistic (Higgins, 2003). The I2 statistic represents the percentage of variation in a meta-analysis attributed to the heterogeneity among studies. ...

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Meta-analysis of laying hen performance and egg quality characteristics in response to Spirulina supplementation

... These tools could apply quality assessment checklists or guidelines, such as Cochrane's risk of bias assessment guideline [32], to determine a score for each included article. This could help researchers more accurately assess the credibility of the evidence and make informed decisions about the inclusion or exclusion of studies. ...

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Applying ChatGPT and AI-Powered Tools to Accelerate Evidence Reviews

... Data were combined in forest plots when at least two trials were considered clinically homogeneous, meaning the interventions and outcome variables were similar. When a three-arm study was included, the study was subdivided under the terms "A" and "B", and the data from the comparison group were divided to avoid overestimations [28]. A randomeffects meta-analysis was performed when the combination of intervention effects could incorporate an assumption that the studies are not all estimating the same intervention effect [29]. ...

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Is Stretching Effective for Reducing Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

... This method involves removing one study at a time and recalculating the pooled estimates to evaluate the influence that each study had on the overall results (Cooper & Hedges, 1994). Sensitivity analysis on sample size, methodological quality, or variance is a widely accepted method of assessing the robustness of meta-analytic results (Deeks et al., 2011). The aim is to ensure that the results obtained are consistent across different analyses. ...

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The moderating effect of national culture on board interlocks' impact on firm performance: A meta-analysis

... We reported significant statistical heterogeneity if the Higgins inconsistency index (I 2 ) was ≥50%. [15] The presence of publication bias was assessed by constructing a funnel plot with proportion in the horizontal axis plotted against the standard error of proportion in the vertical axis. We also used three statistical tests, namely, Egger's, Harbord-Egger's, and Begg-Majumdar, to evaluate publication bias. ...

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Prevalence of Aspergillus sensitization and Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis in bronchial asthma: A systematic review of Indian studies

... Modified versions of Cochrane's tools for risk of bias tools were used-Risk of Bias in Non-randomised Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) for CTs [39] and Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for Randomised Trials (RoB2) for RCTs [40]. The modified risk of bias tools included an additional domain each to assess the risk of bias in the measurement of the determinant(s). ...

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DE-PASS Best Evidence Statement (BESt): A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis on the Effectiveness of Trials on Device-Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour and Their Determinants in Children Aged 5–12 Years

... Inter-study heterogeneity was assessed using the I [2] metric and Cochran's Q test. Values below 25% or p > 0.10 were classified as low heterogeneity, between 25 and 50% as moderate, and above 50% as high heterogeneity [23]. A leave-one-out sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the influence of individual studies on the overall results of the meta-analysis. ...

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Anti-EGFR Rechallenge in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer and the Role of ctDNA: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis