J.F. RICHARDSON’s scientific contributions

... distillation, the transience changes are favored, allowing a much more effective separation. Within this process, the conditions may vary depending on the mixture and the solvent used (diethylene glycol, dimethyl sulfoxide, phenol, etc.), but the mass transfer process is higher than in traditional distillations [62,63]. For extractive fermentation, one of the advantages is the reduction of the formation of inhibitory agents to the process and therefore improves yields and productivity [64,65]. ...

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Small-scale biorefineries based on plantain and avocado residues

... Based on the available information and raw data, we present corrections for some of these datasets in Fig. 11, Appendix B, Examining all the available datasets allows us to draw a more accurate profile of olivine growth velocities in the olivine growth rate versus undercooling space (Fig. 11). Here a distinction can be made between growth rate measurements (provided by direct methods that use continuous observations of crystal growth to constrain G linear ) and growth rate estimations (provided by indirect methods that reconstruct crystal growth with discontinuous observations to constrain G mean ), as discussed in Richardson et al. (2002). Most of the highest values of growth rates reported at a given undercooling were measured with direct methods, while many of the lower values were estimated with indirect methods. ...

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Reappraising Crystallization Kinetics with Overgrowth Chronometry: An In Situ Study of Olivine Growth Velocities

... Particle size reduction is an ineffective process, regarding energy consumption. Actually, only the 0.1-2% of the supplied energy is used to reduce the particle size of the solids (Richardson et al., 2002). In order to save energy, optimization of milling processes is recommended (Ishito et al., 2002). ...

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Jet milling conditions impact on wheat flour particle size

... Problem 1 ( Kongpanna et al., 2015 ) Use of captured CO 2 DMC from various sources Net reduction of CO 2 , increased profit Problem 2 ( ( Roh et al., 2016 )) Use of captured CO 2 DMC production; methanol synthesis Net reduction of CO 2 , increased profit Problem 3 ( Frauzem 2017 ) Use of captured CO 2 DME & succinic acid production Net reduction of CO 2 , increased profit Problem 4 ( Wisutwattana et al., 2017 ) Process intensification Ethylene glycol production Net CO 2 reduction, increased profit Problem 5 ( Castillo-Landero et al., 2018 ) Process intensification Dioxalane production Reduction of energy demand, carbon-footprint Problem 6 ( O' Connell et al., 2019 ) Hybrid separation Various hybrid separation schemes Reduction of energy, carbon-footprint Problem 7 ( Li et al., 2020 ) Use of captured CO 2 Xylitol production Net reduction of CO 2 , increased profit the waste from the chemical production process should not include any CO 2 ; and, although the power and other utilities (steam, water, etc.) are not shown in the figure, they should be integrated as shown in Fig. 1 . A solved example of this integration with and without uncertainty can be found in Li et al. (2020) . ...

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Sustainable process synthesis, design, and analysis: Challenges and opportunities

... As with all reactions, the slowest step in the process is the rate-determining step; that is, it controls the overall rate of the system. The formation of an extractable complex may be much slower than the rate at which the complex is extracted into the organic phase 11 : ...

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The role of macrocyclic compounds in the extraction and possible separation of platinum and rhodium from chloride solutions

... The magnitude of drag force varies with the particle Reynolds number [41]: ...

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A Novel Size-Based Centrifugal Microfluidic Design to Enrich and Magnetically Isolate Circulating Tumor Cells from Blood Cells through Biocompatible Magnetite–Arginine Nanoparticles

... Three major sub-surface biogeochemical processes related to solute transport dynamics include: (1) denitrification, which is helpful to determine the role of plants in the global nitrogen cycle (Xu et al., 2013), (2) sub-surface leaching, which is an important mode of sub-surface nutrient transport in humid tropical ecosystems (Campo et al., 1998) and (3) chemical exports at 60-cm depth, which offer a view of the cumulative impact of all sub-surface nutrient transport processes involved. Generally, leaching produces a correlated relationship between analyte pairs because they will be similarly affected by percolation from the overall signal (Richardson et al., 2002). For example, leaching will typically decrease near-surface soil analyte concentrations in wet seasons (Campo et al., 1998). ...

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Soil water percolation and nutrient fluxes as a function of topographical, seasonal and soil texture variation in Central Amazonia, Brazil

... Membranın alt kısmına vakum ya da düşürülmüş basınç uygulanır. Permeat buharı yoğuşturularak ürünün geri dönüşümü sağlanır [1]. Bileşenin kısmi basıncı, denge buhar basıncının altına inmesi sonucu bileşen membrandan geçip buhar olarak ayrılır. ...

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Polimerik Membranlarda Zeolit Kullanımının Pervaporasyon Performansı Üzerine Etkisinin İncelenmesiInvestigation of the Effect of Zeolite Usage on Pervaporation Performance in Polymeric Membranes

... Such a trend indicates relatively increased reactivity and mineral precipitation in the columns due to exposure to alternate freshwater and seawater. Studies have demonstrated that the changes in grain size distribution affect the hydraulic properties of the aquifer, including porosity and permeability (Coulson and Richardson, 2019). The changes in grain size distribution alter the sediment packing, which results in variation in the porosity and permeability of the sediments. ...

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Understanding the effects of periodic freshening and salinization on coastal water quality and aquifer sediments through laboratory-based column experiments

... The water diffusion coefficient D is currently identified from experimental drying kinetics by fitting the experimental curves to the simplified solution of the Fick's differential equation. The simplest and most often used solution is the one corresponding to a slab which surface water content is supposed equal to the equilibrium product water content (Xeq) forgiven air parameters [16]. It is important to note that this assumption is valid when the drying rate is fully controlled by internal water transfer. ...

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Effect of Air-Drying Temperature on Phenol Compound and Essential Oils Content in Lemon Leaves