J.A. Martin’s research while affiliated with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and other places

... For the past 50 years, AVB rates in English-speaking high-income countries have remained static at about 10-13%. [22][23][24] Reasons for this may include widespread use of epidural analgesia in labour and variation in pushing/bearing down strategies and positioning in the second-stage. 25 There is a marked difference in vacuum extraction failure rates between many Western countries (10-30%) 8 There may be a view in LMICs that following 'Western' CS trends is 'modern' and a 'superior' way to practise obstetrics. ...

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4decades of birth records PMGH ANZJOGSept2018

... 11 Having a clear understanding of the effect of male age on fertility has become a public health concern as many men now prefer to father children at an older age of. 12 Our findings were also consistent with findings by Verón et al. which confirmed the effect of aging on semen parameters. 13 Oliveira et al found an association between age, semen volume and sperm progressive motility, but were unable to find a correlation between age and sperm concentration. ...

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A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study of the Profile of Seminal Fluid Analyses of Men Seeking Fertility Care at Different Hospitals

... In our study, the medians of maternal and paternal age among preschool children were significantly higher in 2017 than in 2007. The differences can be justified by the fact that in the developed world, the average age at which people have children is increasing rapidly [33]. ...

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Ten-Year Differences in Nutritional Status and Obesity-Related Risk Factors in Polish Preschool Children

... Recent research has also highlighted the need to understand coparenting in a racially diverse population rather than migrating the findings from White intact families (Ellerbe et al., 2018;Fagan et al., 2020;King et al., 2004). For example, studies show that Black and Hispanic parents are more likely to have nonmarital birth than White parents (Hamilton et al., 2009), which may be due to the cultural notion of achieving financial security before marriage (Clayton et al., 2003). Despite the challenges, recent research on unmarried families shows that many nonresidential fathers with ethnic minority backgrounds continue to be involved in parenting regardless of living apart, and their cooperative coparenting contributes to child well-being (Choi & Becher, 2019;Fagan & Kaufman, 2015). ...

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Cooperative coparenting and the associations with adolescent behavioral problems and delinquency in unmarried families

... These demands are further escalated with twins, particularly given the increased risk for premature birth. Over 79% of live-born twins in the U.S. are delivered preterm at less than 37 weeks gestation, and 65% are classified as low birth weight (<2,500 grams) 8 . Preterm infants are more fragile, require more vigilant care 9 , and show preference for nighttime wakefulness 10 , further placing parents of twins at risk for disruptions in sleep. ...

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Sleep pattern gender differences and fragmentation in postpartum parents of twins

... To determine whether this over-representation might be observed in other regions, we obtained data from two other states, Arkansas and Missouri ( Figure 6). Although the number of observations is too small (<20) in some groups to reliably estimate the confidence intervals (Ventura et al., 2000), the Hispanic group had the greatest incidence of newborns with transiently elevated C3 in all three states. ...

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Probing the functional consequence and clinical relevance of CD320 p.E88del, a variant in the transcobalamin receptor gene

... The women with Anemia was about 5.3%, it's less than study done by Ahmed, 2013 in Baquba city, he found about 55.5% of women been registered with Anemia [15] .The life style in making and consuming food or other factor may be behind this difference, WHO registered mild cases in Anemia between studying women in Egypt and Jordan with 76%, 64.9% respectively [16] . Study done in Nepal reported that the Animea percentage was 41% and the women with mild Anemia was about 67.14. the Hypertension in this study was about 6.6% of pregnant women while it was reported about 3% of the studied women as study done by Husein A 2014 in Diyala [15] , but in Erbil the number was much more than these results, it was about 15% of cases which have been studied by Alaf et al in 2010 [13] The most studies which close with our study was for Martin J 2011, which reported 6% of pregnant women were registered as hypertension cases during pregnancy [19] . The incidence of diabetes in our study was about 6% of pregnant women. ...

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Evaluation of Risk Factors in Pregnant Women in Elway Maternity Hospital in Baghdad City

... Maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with multiple adverse outcomes, including increased perinatal mortality rate, premature labour, low birth weight and fetal growth restriction, and health effects that may extend into childhood [1][2][3][4] . Maternal smoking during pregnancy may also expose the foetus to tobacco specific carcinogens, such as 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) and pose a threat of cancer in the foetus and in the newborn's future life; documented by NNAL in the urine of newborns of mothers who smoked, but not in the urine of neonates of non-smoking mothers 5,6 . ...

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Counselling for smoking cessation during pregnancy reduces tobacco-specific nitrosamine (NNAL) concentrations: A randomized controlled trial

... In neonates, twin pregnancies increase the risk of stillbirth by approximately 5 times [9]. In addition, neonatal morbidity, and mortality increase, including a 6-fold increase in preterm birth before 34 weeks [10]. Moreover, risks, such as preterm birth and stillbirth, congenital fetal anomaly, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), umbilical artery acidosis, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, and respiratory distress, are increased in discordant twins whose birth weights differ by more than 20% [11,12]. ...

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Can Fetal Weight Discordancy Measured by Ultrasound During Pregnancy Predict Maternal Complications and Neonatal Outcomes in Dichorionic Diamniotic Twins?

... [3], BW and BW classification (I: LBW <2500 g, normal BW 2500-4000 g, macrosomia >4000 g [21]; II: small-for-GA [SGA], appropriate-for-GA [AGA], and large-for-GA [LGA], based on the 2017 US BW percentiles for singletons [22]), and neonatal sex at birth. Maternal characteristics included ethnicity (Hawaiian, Guamanian, Samoan, Other Pacific Islander), age (<20 years, 20-34 years, > = 35 years), pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI, underweight <18.5, normal 18.5-24.9, ...

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Prediction of neonatal survival among Pacific Islander preterm births in the US