J.A. Duffie’s research while affiliated with University of Wisconsin–Madison and other places

... The International Energy Agency (IEA), from a global point of view, described solar heating and cooling technologies as "the sleeping giant of renewable energy potential" [1]. The IEA's roadmap projects that by 2050, the installed solar water heaters' (SWH) capacity could reach about 3200 GW th with 7.2 EJ produced annually [2]. Solar energy is utilised to generate electricity, hot water and space heating. ...

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Decoupling the Monitoring of Solar Water Heaters and their Usage Profiles Enhanced Reader

... The other variables should be fixed at initial values at 0.05 m 3 /m 2 relative tank capacity, the recommended value for solar heat for industrial processes in central Europe [11]. At the same time, the relative mass flow rate to each square meter of the collector area is 0.05 m 3 /h/m 2, which is within the recommended range in the literature [17]. In Hungary, using 30% glycol in water is considered a proper design to avoid freezing and bursting in the pipes. ...

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Two Analytical Methods for Optimising Solar Process Heat System Used in a Pasteurising Plant

... The clearness index (k T ) is an important parameter which reflects the ratio of mean daily horizontal global solar radiation (H) to the mean daily extraterrestrial solar radiation (H 0 ), given by [6]: The mean daily extraterrestrial solar radiation is defined by [46]: ...

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Estimation of the Optimum Tilt Angle of Solar PV Panels to Maximize Incident Solar Radiation in Libya

... As illustrated in Fig. 1(a), solar irradiation spans from ultraviolet (UV) to near IR, with approximately 50% of solar energy transferred via near IR, which is invisible to the human eye [2,33]. In South Korea, the solar elevation angle during summer days exceeds the AM1.5 incidence angle (41.8 • ) (refer to Fig. 1(b) [37]). To minimize the cooling loads in summer and heating loads in winter while maintaining a clear normal view, the air-gap switching window (GSW) is designed to modulate solar radiation with spectral and angular selectivity as in Fig. 1(c). ...

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Air-gap controlled smart window for spectral and angular selective modulation of solar radiation

... this way it was possible to reduce the operating temperature between 15 and 20 °C.(Duffie & Beckman, 2013) carried out a configuration where they placed 26 aluminum heatsinks with dimensions of 7x12 cm in the rear section of a photovoltaic panel, thereby increasing the efficiency between 10.91 and 11.55%.(El Mays et al., 2017) experimented with cooling on a 30 W polycrystalline silicon panel in Beqaa. ...

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Computational Simulation in Solar Energy: Effect of Passive Cooling in the Generation of Photovoltaic Cells in Pachuca de Soto, Mexico

... The PV module under investigation is made of 36 mc-Si cells and has the following electrical characteristics at standard test conditions (G T = 1000 W m 2 , T c = 25 • C, air mass 1.5 spectrum): V mp = 18.2 V, I mp = 1.12 A, V oc = 22.6 V, I sc = 1.18 A. The I-V characteristics of the module at different operating conditions, as shown in Figure 1, were obtained via the six-parameter single-diode model (SDM) [61,62], implemented in PVLIB-Python [63,64]. According to this model, the I-V curve of the module at given irradiance and cell temperature is determined from the single diode equation: ...

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Influence of Wind and Rainfall on the Performance of a Photovoltaic Module in a Dusty Environment

... where R À is, the ratio of the monthly average daily radiation on tilted surfaces H T À to that on a horizontal surface H À , which is a method presented by Liu and Jordan [37] and extended by Klein and Duffie [38], where the diffuse and reflected radiation are assumed to be isotropic. Ground Albedo of sand is set to q ¼ 0:2 if the average monthly temperature is greater than 0°C, 0.7 if it is less than À5°C, with a linear interpolation for temperatures between these values, RET-Screen [39]. ...

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Unified approach for designing a photo voltaic solar system for under ground water pumping well - 34 at Dici aquifer." , Journal of energy conversion and management, (EC&M), Dec. 2013. V. 75, pp. 780 – 795.

... Los secadores construidos pueden ser clasificados como de tipo indirecto respecto a la incidencia del sol sobre el producto, de flujo forzado, respecto a la circulación del aire y de escala semiindustrial si se considera la capacidad de carga de la cámara y la velocidad de secado (Corvalan et al., 1990;Mujumdar & Menon, 2020). Las tecnologías utilizadas en el diseño y la construcción están ampliamente difundidas y corresponde a los contenidos de la teoría del secado solar, colectores solares de aire y sistema de circulación de aire (ASHRAE, 1986;Duffie & Beckman, 2013;Rabl, 1985). Así que con cualquier método de cosecha de alfalfa, el clima es un factor importante ya que afecta la cosecha y la calidad del forraje, y es necesario considerarlo al momento de programar el manejo (Buckmaster et al., 1990). ...

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Henificación de alfalfa con energía solar indirecta

... The visible sub-spectrum which is popular in technological solar applications belongs to this range. The sun is a spherical collection of dense (about 100 times as dense as water) gaseous matter with estimated diameter of 1.39×10 9 m, holding the earth in an orbit of approximately 1.495×10 11 m (one astronomical unit (AU) of distance) radius [40]. The nuclear reactions in the sun are of direct fusion of protons to heavier Helium nuclei. ...

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The status of solar energy integration and policy in Nigeria

... Since the 1970s, the stratification of the reservoir was intensively studied [Lavan 1977, Wood 1981, Haller 2009]. Low flow was thermally stratified and showed that the reservoirs-storages supply 17% more of solar energy to the load [Sharp 1979, Wuestling 1985, Fanney 1988, Hollands 1989, Kleinbach 1993]. The authors have noted that the advantage of the thermal stratification is in water heating by the solar system. ...

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Calculation and Selection of Flat-Plate Solar Collector Geometric Parameters with Thermosiphon Circulation