January 1999
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7 Reads
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1 Citation
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Publications (3)
January 1998
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25 Reads
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142 Citations
January 1998
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57 Reads
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33 Citations
ASHRAE Transactions
The rising stream around a human body attributable to metabolic heat can carry contaminants from the floor level to the human breathing system. Thus, the quality of the breathing air greatly depends on the concentration distribution in the lower part of the room and the characteristics of the local air motion around the body. In this paper, a modeled human body (computational thermal manikin) is placed in a room that is air-conditioned with a displacement ventilation system. Flow and temperature fields around the manikin are analyzed by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) using a low-Reynolds-number type k-ε model. Based on the predicted flow field, the age of supply air and the residual lifetime of air in the room are also numerically calculated by CFD. Three cases of prediction of the concentration distribution are carried out with different locations of contaminant generation. The quality of the breathing air is assessed using the newly defined index, indicating the effective entrainment ratio of the lower region air to the breathing air. Results of the CFD analysis agree well with previous experimental data.
Citations (2)
... Similarly, even advanced multidirectional anisotropic radiation measurements based on radiometer arrays [86][87][88][89]or panoramic spectral imaging [90][91][92] assume the human body to be a point, sphere, or cylinder. A realistic three-dimensional body shape is the basis of human-centric radiation simulations; however, these have predominantly investigated indoor settings [53,58,[93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104] with only a few recent efforts focused on outdoor locations [75,77]. Critically, currently, there are no experiments quantifying radiative fluxes across the human body for benchmarking such simulations (i.e., the few notable ...
- Citing Article
January 1998
... VTMs might be simple -representing for instance just a heat source, or very sophisticatedfrom the detailed zoning of the human body such as a measuring real thermal manikin and up to the representation also of the breathing flows. In this way not only the thermal plumes of the human body might be represented but also some comfort indexes might be extracted (such as equivalent temperature (Teq)) and moreover an investigation regarding the air quality might be performed [12,13]. The human microenvironment is highly influenced by the convective and radiant heat transfer between the body surface and its surroundings. ...
- Citing Article
January 1998
ASHRAE Transactions