April 2016
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946 Reads
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April 2016
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946 Reads
April 2016
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81 Reads
April 2016
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433 Reads
July 2015
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328 Reads
February 2014
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2,213 Reads
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14 Citations
Journal of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry
The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of Crominex-3+ (a complex of trivalent chromium, Phyllanthus emblica (Amla) extract and purified Shilajit) in moderately arthritic dogs. Eleven client-owned moderately arthritic dogs in a randomized double-blinded study received placebo or Crominex-3+ twice daily for a period of 150 days. On a monthly basis, each dog was evaluated for arthritis associated pain (overall pain, pain upon limb manipulation and pain after physical exertion) and a full physical exam (body weight, body temperature and heart rate). At the same time intervals, dogs serum samples were examined for biomarkers of kidney (BUN and creatinine), liver (bilirubin, ALT and AST) and heart and skeletal muscle (CK) functions. Findings of this investigation revealed that dogs receiving Crominex 3+ (1000 µg chromium, 15 mg Amla extract and 15 mg purified Shilajit per day in two divided doses) exhibited a significant (P<0.05) reduction in arthritic pain noted as early as after 90 days with a maximum reduction after 150 days of treatment. Pain level remained the same or slightly increased in the dogs receiving placebo. No significant change occurred in physical parameters or serum biomarkers in dogs on placebo or Crominex 3+, which suggested that Crominex 3+ was well tolerated by arthritic dogs. In conclusion, Crominex 3+ significantly (P<0.05) ameliorated arthritic pain and improved quality of life without causing any untoward effects in moderately arthritic dogs.
December 2013
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14,191 Reads
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21 Citations
Journal of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry
May 2011
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3,413 Reads
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62 Citations
J Anim Physiol a Anim Nutr
The investigation was conducted on client-owned moderately arthritic dogs with two objectives: (i) to evaluate therapeutic efficacy of type-II collagen (UC-II) alone or in combination with glucosamine hydrochloride (GLU) and chondroitin sulphate (CHO), and (ii) to determine their tolerability and safety. Dogs in four groups (n = 7-10), were treated daily for a period of 150 days with placebo (Group-I), 10 mg active UC-II (Group-II), 2000 mg GLU + 1600 mg CHO (Group-III), and UC-II + GLU + CHO (Group-IV). On a monthly basis, dogs were evaluated for observational pain (overall pain, pain upon limb manipulation, and pain after physical exertion) using different numeric scales. Pain level was also measured objectively using piezoelectric sensor-based GFP for peak vertical force and impulse area. Dogs were also examined every month for physical, hepatic (ALP, ALT and bilirubin) and renal (BUN and creatinine) functions. Based on observations, significant (p < 0.05) reduction in pain was noted in Group-II, III, and IV dogs. Using GFP, significant increases in peak vertical force (N/kg body wt) and impulse area (N s/kg body wt), indicative of a decrease in arthritis associated pain, were observed in Group-II dogs only. None of the dogs in any group showed changes in physical, hepatic or renal functions. In conclusion, based on GFP data, moderately arthritic dogs treated with UC-II (10 mg) showed a marked reduction in arthritic pain with maximum improvement by day 150. UC-II, GLU and CHO operate through different mechanisms of action, and were well tolerated over a period of 150 days.
December 2009
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1,411 Reads
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60 Citations
Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics
The present investigation evaluated arthritic pain in horses receiving daily placebo, undenatured type II collagen (UC-II) at 320, 480, or 640 mg (providing 80, 120, and 160 mg active UC-II, respectively), and glucosamine and chondroitin (5.4 and 1.8 g, respectively, bid for the first month, and thereafter once daily) for 150 days. Horses were evaluated for overall pain, pain upon limb manipulation, physical examination, and liver and kidney functions. Evaluation of overall pain was based upon a consistent observation of all subjects during a walk and a trot in the same pattern on the same surface. Pain upon limb manipulation was conducted after the walk and trot. It consisted of placing the affected joint in severe flexion for a period of 60 sec. The limb was then placed to the ground and the animal trotted off. The response to the flexion test was then noted with the first couple of strides the animal took. Flexion test was consistent with determining clinically the degree of osteoarthritis in a joint. Horses receiving placebo showed no change in arthritic condition, while those receiving 320 or 480 or 640 mg UC-II exhibited significant reduction in arthritic pain (P < 0.05). UC-II at 480 or 640 mg dose provided equal effects, and therefore, 480 mg dose was considered optimal. With this dose, reduction in overall pain was from 5.7 +/- 0.42 (100%) to 0.7 +/- 0.42 (12%); and in pain upon limb manipulation from 2.35 +/- 0.37 (100%) to 0.52 +/- 0.18 (22%). Although glucosamine and chondroitin treated group showed significant (P < 0.05) reduction in pain compared with pretreated values, the efficacy was less compared with that observed with UC-II. In fact, UC-II at 480 or 640 mg dose was found to be more effective than glucosamine and chondroitin in arthritic horses. Clinical condition (body weight, body temperature, respiration rate, and pulse rate), and liver (bilirubin, GGT, and ALP) and kidney (BUN and creatinine) functions remained unchanged, suggesting that these supplements were well tolerated.
September 2009
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266 Reads
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4 Citations
Toxicology Letters
April 2009
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122 Reads
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3 Citations
J Anim Physiol a Anim Nutr
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis, which causes severe inflammation and loss of cartilage. It is a debilitating disease that commonly affects thousands of horses each year. Recently, we assessed the anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory potential of undenatured type II collagen (UC-II) in horses. This comparative investigation evaluated arthritic pain in horses receiving daily placebo, UC-II 320 mg/day (providing 80 mg active UC-II), 480 mg/day (providing 120 mg active UC-II), or 640 mg/day (providing 160 mg active UC-II), and glucosamine and chondroitin (5.4 g/day and 1.8 g/day, respectively, bid for the first month, and thereafter once daily) for 150 days. Pain in each leg was evaluated using the flexion test and the lameness-grading system after the initial two strides. Average pain of all four legs represented the pain for each horse. Horses receiving placebo showed no change in arthritic condition, while those receiving 320, 480, or 640 mg UC-II exhibited significant reduction in arthritic pain (P < 0.05). UC-II at 480 mg dose provided optimal effects. With this dose, reduction in overall pain was from 5.7 ± 0.0.42 (100%) to 0.7 ± 0.42 (12%); and in pain upon limb manipulation from 2.35 ± 0.37 (100%) to 0.52 ± 0.18 (22%). In regards to glucosamine and chondroitin treated group, although reduction in pain was significant compared to pretreated values, the efficacy was significantly less compared with that observed with UC-II. UC-II was found to be twice as effective as glucosamine and chondroitin in arthritic horses. Clinically, physical condition, and liver (ALP, GGT, and bilirubin), kidney (BUN and creatinine), and heart (CK) functions remained unchanged, suggesting that these supplements were well tolerated. Overall, these results demonstrate that UC-II was significantly more efficacious than glucosamine and chondroitin in arthritic horses.
... UC-II is a undenatured type II collagen derived from chicken sternum cartilage. Animal studies (Deparle et al. 2005;D'Altilio et al. 2007;Peal et al. 2007;Bagchi et al. 2008a;Gupta et al. 2009a; and human trials (Bagchi et al. 2008b;Crowley et al. 2009) have demonstrated UC-II to be effective and safe in treating OA. A quantitative evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of UC-II for 120 days was assessed in osteoarthritic dogs using a Ground Force Plate (GFP) procedure which objectively measures the peak force and impulse area (Gupta et al. 2009b). ...
April 2008
The FASEB Journal
... The application of modern molecular breeding tools including genetic manipulation has been a proven tactic to improve the nutritional status of crops including enhancement of grain protein and developing quality protein maize (QPM) (Prasanna et al. 2001;Kumar et al. 2011;Tabbita et al. 2013;Vishwakarma et al. 2014). Adoption of QPM over common maize has significantly improved the nutritional status of human health especially in infants in terms of improved weight and height growth rate and enhanced feed efficiency (Gupta et al. 2013;Tessema et al. 2016). Beneficial effects of consumption of plant phenolics through diet have led to the development of cultivars in diverse crops such as rice, maize, barley, sorghum, soybean, and wheat that are rich in phenylpropanoids for cultivation in America and Europe (Dwivedi et al. 2016). ...
February 2014
Journal of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry
... Shilajit has been used as an ancient medicine in different regions of the world under the indigenous systems and it possesses the ability to resorb tumours and pimples reported in Avicenna in Canon Medicinae 4. The therapeutic effect of shilajit is reported for the treatment of peptic ulcer, as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant, anti-arthritic, cancer treatment, memory improving, and neuroprotective compound [7][8][9][10]. Two different types of chemicals are responsible for the biological effects of shilajit. ...
December 2013
Journal of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry
... Previous research has shown undenatured type II collagen supplementation to improve knee extension range of motion in healthy individuals with exercise-induced knee pain [9]. Similar bene ts have been reported in animal studies, with both arthritic dogs [10] and arthritic horses [11] showing reduced pain during joint manipulation following supplementation periods with undenatured type II collagen. ...
April 2009
J Anim Physiol a Anim Nutr
... The results showed a decrease in overall patient pain, pain after manipulation and the degree of lameness after exercise in the two supplemented groups after 90 days [55]. Subsequent studies conducted by the same research group evaluated the effects of active ingredient UC-II ® at a dose of 10 mg/day, either alone or in combination with other feed supplements, over longer periods (120-150 days) on dogs with OA [30,[56][57][58]. They used observational numerical scales from 0 to 10 (0 no pain, 5 moderate and 10 severe and constant pain) to assess overall pain and scales from 0 to 4 (0 no pain, 1 mild, 2 moderate, 3 severe, 4 severe and constant) to assess the pain response after the manipulation of the limbs in flexion and extension, as well as lameness after exercise [30,56,58]. ...
September 2009
Toxicology Letters
... After the study, while placebo OA horses exhibited no changes in arthritic conditions, Groups II and III showed slight improvement. The horses that received 80, 120, and 160 mg UC-II/day revealed significant and marked improvements in the arthritic signs and were running by the end of the study [70]. In another study, horses (n = 5-6) received UC-II (320, 480, or 640 mg) twice daily for the first month and once daily thereafter. ...
October 2007
Toxicology Letters
... At the time of OA diagnosis (T0), all the patients were randomly (excel-based system) assigned to 2 groups that received a different pharmacological treatment: Group R = robenacoxib (Onsior ® ) 1 mg/kg/day orally (OS) for 30 days [18,19] and group UCII = UC-II (Flexadin ® Advanced) 1 tablet (40 mg) per day OS for 30 days [3,[20][21][22]. Owners were instructed to give the dose at approximately the same time each day, without food and at least at one hour from the next meal. ...
September 2006
Toxicology Letters
... Tom prilikom saopšteno je i da predtretman memantinom smanjuje stepen inhibicije AChE raznih regija mozga i nekih skeletnih mišića kod pacova trovanih somanom. Od strane istih istraživača, usledila su ubrzo i ispitivanja profilaktičkog i terapijskog efekta memantina i atropina kod većeg broja antiholinesteraznih supstanci [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] . ...
February 1993
Drug Development Research
... Marine oil and green-lipped mussels contain high levels of EPA and DHA and have been reported to have high efficacy for OA management in cats [14]. Collagen-derived dietary supplements have been found to aid in OA management in dogs [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. However, in their systematic review, Barbeau-Grégoire et al. concluded that a clear determination of collagen efficacy based on the existing results was impossible due to issues in the studies' methodologies [10]. ...
May 2011
J Anim Physiol a Anim Nutr
... Five injectable forms of HA approved by the United States FDA including Hyalgan ® , Supartz ® , Orthovisc ® , Synvisc ® , and Euflexxa ® , are currently in the market as therapeutic options (Migliore et al. 2010). Type II collagen is effective in reducing arthritic pain in animal models (Gupta et al. 2009;Deparle et al. 2005;Mannelli et al. 2013) as well as in improving clinical outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (Wei et al. 2009). On comparing type II collagen to glucosamine and chondroitin in knee OA patients, treatment with type II collagen was found to be more effective in reducing OA parameters than glucosamine and chondroitin (Crowley et al. 2009). ...
December 2009
Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics