J. R. Schmidt's research while affiliated with University of Wisconsin–Madison and other places

... To date, a wide range of materials have been investigated for their excellent electrochemical performances in 2e − ORR (Figure 1a), 49 including noble metals and their alloys, 50 weakens the O−O bond, leading to pronounced H 2 O production through O−O bond cleavage. Because carbonbased materials (carbon nanotubes, carbon black, porous carbon, etc.) exhibit diminished ORR activity in acidic electrolyte based real-world applications, necessitating heightened catalyst loading. ...

... [1][2][3][4][5][6] The traditional anthraquinone self-oxidation method or the direct synthesis of H 2 O 2 from H 2 and O 2 has problems, such as complex production process, high energy consumption, and low safety. [7][8][9][10][11][12] In recent years, electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) to H 2 O 2 in acidic media has attracted much attention (O 2 + 2H + + 2e − → H 2 O 2 E • = 0.70 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode [RHE]). 13,14 Compared with alkaline electrolytes, acidic electrolytes can effectively inhibit the self-decomposition of H 2 O 2 and have good compatibility with commercial proton exchange membrane electrolysis devices, which can significantly reduce production costs. ...

... Various catalysts have been employed for the electrocatalytic synthesis of H 2 O 2 to date, including noble metals and their alloys, non-noble metals and their oxides, carbides, non-metallic carbon-based catalysts, and single-atom catalysts [22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. Among the numerous catalysts reported, single-atom catalysts (SACs) with isolated metal atoms anchored on the surface of the support have combined the advantages of both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, offering ultra-high atom utilization, high activity, and high selectivity. ...

... 20 Examples of oxides besides BaTiO 3 that can be crystallized epitaxially from an amorphous thin-film precursor using SPE include Al 2 O 3 , SrTiO 3 , TiO 2 , and BiFeO 3 , among many others. 18,[21][22][23][24] Key differences have emerged among materials, which makes a detailed study of the crystallization in each system important. ...

... [46,56] Lastly, towards the end of the chromatogram is 5-methylfurfural (MF), which is a hydrogenolysis product of the alcohol group on the HMF molecule. [57] The retention times for the rest of the unidentified peaks did not match with any standard chemicals available and were highly overlapping, thus they remained unidentified. The presence of 5,5′-bis (hydroxymethyl)furil peak was observed in all chromatograms, particularly those utilizing a Pt cathode at low current and a Ni-P cathode at all currents. ...

... In recent years, experiments with quantum circuits have introduced ways to directly tune the TLS energy to reveal more information about the TLSs that couple strongly to devices. The energy of an individual TLS can be written [9,104] as, ...

... The Raman spectra of different samples demonstrated four inplane E g and three out-of-plane A 1g vibrational modes within the range of 100-600 cm −1 . The peak below 150 cm −1 was attributed to the Ni 2+ metal ion vibrations in NiPS 3 , while other peaks below 600 cm −1 were associated with the vibrational modes of the PS 3 group and P-P bond ( Fig. 2b and Supplementary Fig. 14) 18 . The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra of NiPS 3 and Ru-NiPS 3 were performed to study the concentration of vacancies. ...

... [18,19] While electrocatalysts and reduction conditions to produce BHMF efficiently and selectively have been reported, [16,20] electrochemical DMF production has been more challenging. [12] In general, hydrogenolysis of the aldehyde and alcohol groups (which involves deoxygenation) is more difficult than hydrogenation of the aldehyde group. Furthermore, it has been reported that for electrochemical reduction, once the C=O group of HMF is hydrogenated to form BHMF, the hydrogenolysis of the CÀ OH bond does not occur readily, making BHMF a terminal product (Figure 1). ...

... Since symmetry breaking is possible for cyclic molecules (see, for example Ref. [34]) the symmetry of the nanobracletes after the DFTbased structure optimization was determined by the algorithm [35] implemented in the free WebMO server software [36,37]. All optimized nanobracelets have only positive vibrational frequencies therefore the optimized structures correspond to the true minima. ...

... [37][38][39][40] The large mosaic width apparent in Fig. 2(c) is similar to the case of Al 2 O 3 crystallized under annealing conditions that produced inclusions of a polymorphic phase. 41 The out-of-plane lattice parameter determined using the 00L reflections of the cube-on-cube component was 4.015 ± 0.004 Å. One of the {222} reflections of the cube-on-cube component was probed by tilting the sample and was found at 2θ = 83.1 ± 0.4l ○ , consistent with a cubic lattice parameter of 4.03 ± 0.01 Å. ...