J. Prasko's research while affiliated with Palacký University Olomouc and other places
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Publications (425)
Background:
Psychotic symptoms in BPD are not uncommon, and they are diverse and phenomenologically similar to those in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Despite their prevalence in BPD patients, knowledge about the characteristics and severity of hallucinations is limited, especially in modalities other than auditory.
Aim:
This review summarise...
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe mood disorder characterized by episodes of depression and hypomania or mania. Despite its primarily biological roots, the onset and course of the disorder have also been related to psychosocial factors such as early adverse experiences and related maladaptive schemas. Several researchers proposed a schema therapeut...
Introduction:
This review aims to present the current state of knowledge about attachment and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), the connection to the disorder's course, and the treatment effectiveness.
Method:
A literature search was performed using PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect databases using the following search...
Objective:
Obstructive events in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) cause recurrent sleep fragmentation and occasional desaturation, which can cause various parasomnias, including nightmares. Several lines of evidence suggest that OSA may be potentially associated with a higher frequency of nightmares.
Method:
We searched for studies p...
Objectives:
The effect of short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy in patients with neurotic spectrum disorders may be related with predictive factors such as the severity of the disorder, diagnosis, self-stigma level, personality characteristics, comorbidity with depression and personality disorder, dissociation, and traumatic childhood experience....
Conscious recognition of one's own emotions, feelings, thoughts or attitudes at the time of their origin and the ability to observe and continuously realize them are among the essential skills of the therapist and supervisor. In self-reflective awareness, the mind observes and explores all experiences, including emotions and bodily reactions. Aware...
Purpose:
Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the most effective therapy for obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS). Long-term adherence is necessary; however, it may be widely variable based on current literature, where the predicting factors are also not well defined. The aim of this study was to assess ten-year adherence to CPAP and...
Objectives:
Self-stigma represents a process of accepting negative social prejudices with a consequent negative impact on many areas of the patient's life (self-concept, social and work functioning, relationships, cooperation in treatment, quality of life, willingness to strive for something). The study was aimed to examine the level of self-stigm...
Objectives:
In the new millennium, a growing focus on human rights and preserving individual autonomy urges the promotion of needs of the psychiatric patients. The topic of human needs takes its place also in patients with panic disorder. This review intended to explore current facts concerning the needs of the patients and present a broader under...
Objective:
Up to 20% of patients treated for epileptic seizures experience psychogenic nonepileptic paroxysms (PNES). These patients present a significant burden for the health care systems because of poor treatment outcomes. The presented review aims to summarize the current state of knowledge on sleep disturbances in patients with nonepileptic s...
Purpose: Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating mental disorder that often takes a chronic course. One of the factors influencing the treatment effectiveness in anxiety and depressive disorders is the self-stigma. This study focused on the relationship between the self-stigma, symptomatology, and therapeutic outcomes in patients with...
Objective:
Both sleep disorders and BPD are prevalent in the population, and one is often a comorbidity of the other. This narrative review aims to assess contemporary literature and scientific databases to provide the current state of knowledge about sleep disorders in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and clinical suggestions f...
Recovery focuses on the broader concept of having a good life with mental health problems than remission. This review aims to deliver up-to-date information on the concept of recovery in borderline personality disorder. A computerized database search was conducted in PubMed and Web of Science sites, using various combinations of keywords for the pe...
Objective:
Insomnia and affective disorders are among the most common and disabling health problems of our society. Although there seems to be a clear link between poor sleep and problems in emotional regulation, it is still an area with many remaining questions. While the cognitive and behavioural consequences of poor sleep and insomnia have been...
Background:
Panic disorder and agoraphobia not only affect the patients themselves but also may have a detrimental effect on their intimate relationships. A problem arising in the intimate sphere could be a trigger, a modulator, a maintenance factor, or the result of the panic disorder and agoraphobia. The consequences of panic disorder include in...
Guided discovery is one of the most central approaches in supervision, helping the supervisees to better understand the client, or, if necessary, change their attitudes towards client and find appropriate strategies to solve client's problems. Using guided discovery, the supervisor helps the supervisee to map the case conceptualization, seek approp...
The Balint group, initially created as a psychoanalytical supervisory approach for clinicians to explore and express their personal experience in daily practice, can be successfully adopted in CBT supervision: assessment, conceptualization, intervention's finding, exploring the relationship and enhancing self-reflection.
Background:
People who have an obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) tend to manifest a need for excessive control over their partners and other relatives, which then constitutes a principal problem in their relationships. This behaviour probably relates to an unmet need for safety in their childhood. This review article aims to explore the interper...
Nightmares are manifested by scary and devastating dreams. In severe cases, they are associated with sleep disorders, heart problems, permanent fatigue, high levels of anxiety, fear of falling asleep, or secondary cognitive deficits after sleep deprivation, and thus may increase vulnerability to the development of other mental disorders. Lucid drea...
Objective:
This article describes the role of imagery in supervision which is a part of the work of both the supervisee and the supervisor. Imagination bears outstanding importance in psychotherapy and supervision.
Method:
The relevant texts for this narrative review were identified through the Web of Science and PubMed databases, within the per...
Objective
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a severe disorder with a high prevalence. Psychiatric comorbidities, especially depressive symptoms and cognitive dysfunction, are often described in OSA patients. This narrative review aims to examine: (1) the relationship between OSAS and depressive and cognitive symptoms, and (2) the effect of OSAS trea...
Objectives:
Little is known about the relation between severity of panic disorder, adverse events in childhood, dissociation, self-stigma and comorbid personality disorders. The aim of this study is to look for the intercorrelations between these factors.
Method:
The study explores the relation between clinical, demographic and social factors in...
Objectives:
A combination of antidepressants with the cognitive-behavioural therapy showed effectiveness in treatment-resistant patients with panic disorder. This prospective study intended to establish how childhood adverse experiences, self-stigma, dissociation, and severity of psychopathology influence the effectiveness of combined cognitive-be...
Objective:
Young schema questionnaire - short form (YSQ-S3) represents a useful method for the identification of early maladaptive schemas in clinical and non-clinical samples. The study aimed to examine the internal consistency and factorial structure of the recently adapted Slovak version of YSQ-S3 in a non-clinical sample.
Methods:
The sample...
Purpose:
Self-relation is a profound connection that influences one's life. As such, it presents an important topic for various areas of research and psychotherapy. The goal of this study was to develop and evaluate a brief scale that would assess positive aspects of self-relation.
Sample and methods:
The Positive Self-Relation Scale (PSRS) cons...
Therapeutic work with clients' resources is one of common denominators of various cogni-tive behavioural strategies. A systematic focus on identification, utilization, and reinforcement of the resources has been found to improve the outcomes of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). This paper describes common resources, that can be found in clients,...
Purpose:
The investigation aimed to explore the association between personality traits, stressful life events, quality of life on anthropometric characteristics (waist/height ratio and percentage of visceral fat).
Method:
A total of 227 participants took part in this cross-sectional study. Participants completed the Social Readjustment Rating Sc...
Background:
Modern psychiatry focuses on self-stigma, coping strategies, and quality of life (QoL). This study looked at relationships among severity of symptoms, self-stigma, demographics, coping strategies, and QoL in patients with neurotic spectrum disorders.
Methods:
A total of 153 clinically stable participants who met criteria for generali...
Background:
Partner conflicts are the most common precipitating factors of decompensation of psychiatric disorders, including personality disorders. Personal characteristics play a fundamental role in both the prediction of marital satisfaction of the individual as well as the satisfaction of the couple as a whole.
Method:
Narrative Review of th...
Background
The underlying symptomatology of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) can be viewed as an impairment in both cognitive and behavioral inhibition, regarding difficult inhibition of obsessions and behavioral compulsions. Converging results from neuroimaging and electroencephalographic (EEG) studies have identified changes in activities thro...
Background and aim
Patients who have schizophrenia are more prone to suicidal behavior than the general population. This study aimed to find connections between suicidality and self-stigma, hope, and personality traits in patients with schizophrenia.
Methods
Forty-eight stabilized outpatients with schizophrenia attended this cross-sectional study....
Background:
Poland, Czech Republic, and the Slovak Republic are countries with high alcohol consumption, and alcohol-induced disorders are in the ten leading causes of Years Lost due to Disability. Therefore it is necessary to study factors as insight, motivation, and readiness to change for the better understanding the variables which are in prob...
Objective
It is well recognized that the most effective treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Different treatment possibilities comprise surgery, mandibular advancement, pulmonary rehabilitation, and oropharyngeal and facial exercises (PR program). However, these treatments showed inconsistent re...
Objective:
The purpose of the investigation was to explore the relationship between positive or negative symptoms, social anxiety, hope, personality, and self-stigma in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
Method:
57 outpatients took part in this cross-sectional study. The structured interview M.I.N.I. International Neuropsychiatric I...
Objectives:
Anxiety disorders can be a burden for the patient and his family. They affect the family everyday functioning, require greater demands on adaptation and re-evaluation of the existing habits of family members and consequently may result in family dysfunction due to anxiety disorders, especially in marital relationship or partnership. Ho...
Background
Alarming somatic symptoms, in particular, cardiovascular symptoms, are the characteristic feature of panic attacks. Increased cardiac mortality and morbidity have been found in these patients. Power spectral analysis of electrocardiogram R–R intervals is known to be a particularly successful tool in the detection of autonomic instabiliti...
Goal
The goal of this study was to explore the impact of self-stigma on the treatment outcomes in patients with anxiety disorders and to find possible mediators of this relationship.
Method
Two hundred and nine patients with anxiety disorders, who were hospitalized in a psychotherapeutic department, attended the study. The average age was 39.2±12....
Lack of insight is defined as a loss of ability to distinguish that one's unusual and unreal experiences should be the symptoms of the psychiatric disorder requiring treatment. Lack of insight may be considered as a core symptom of schizophrenia. The concept of insight has been regarded for a long time as necessary for treatment, which improves adh...
Background:
The quality of life (QoL) is a multidimensional view that represents all aspects of patient well-being in various areas of patient life. Specific coping strategies may be connected to both the QoL and the severity of mental disorder. The aim of this investigation was to examine the relationship between the QoL and the coping strategies...
The aim of this article is to describe the protocol of a trial focusing on the psychological, anthropometric, cardiac, and psychophysiological factors contributing to increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). As background, the article provides a short overview of research literature linking personal traits, maladaptive schemas, and coping...
Objective:
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), is described as intermittent interruptions or reductions in airflow which are initiated by an incomplete or complete collapse of the upper airways despite respiratory effort. When left untreated, OSA is connected with comorbid conditions, such as cardiovascular and metabolic illnesses.
Method:
The PubMed...
Background:
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a disabling psychiatric condition with a chronic and challenging course. BPD is reflected as a disorder of self-regulation" and is associated with both psychological vulnerabilities and social relations that fail to support basic emotional needs. The objective of the paper is to provide the up-t...
Objective
The purpose of the study was to explore whether the comorbidity of social phobia affects symptoms severity, positive and negative symptoms, self-stigma, hope, and quality of life in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
Methods
This is a cross-sectional study in which all participants completed the Internalized Stigma of Mental...
Objective
The aim of the study was to determine psychological, psychophysiological, and anthropometric factors connected with life events, level of depression, and quality of life in people at risk for cardiovascular disease and healthy controls.
Methods
This is a cross-sectional study involving arterial hypertension patients and healthy controls....
Objective:
The target of the investigation was to find if there is any improvement of depressive symptoms and cognitive functioning after continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment in the severe obstructive apnea (OSA) patients.
Method:
The study included 59 patients treated with CPAP for OSA in the Sleep Laboratory of the Department o...
Objective:
The goal of this study was to explore reliability and validity of the Czech revised Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) and to identify the best cut-off for a correct identification of a potentially depressed individual.
Method:
Two groups of adult participants entered the study. The first group consisted of 177 patients with depressio...
Background
Self-stigma is a maladaptive psychosocial phenomenon that may disturb many areas of patient's life. In connection with maladaptive coping strategies should make mental health recovery more difficult. Specific coping strategies may be connected with the self-stigma and also with the severity of the disorder. The objective of the study was...
Introduction
The most common comorbid disorder in schizophrenic patients is a social phobia. It is usually an unrecognized problem that may be associated with a high distortion in managing claims of life.
Objectives
The aim of our study was to determine the extent to which comorbid social phobia affects the severity and course of schizophrenia.
M...
Introduction
At the present time, adolescents are in particular vulnerable to feelings of loneliness. They are gradually emancipating from their family and establish relationships with peers. Among the important predictors of loneliness belong genetic and personal variables and factors of social environment.
Objectives and aims
To examine predicto...
Background
Self-stigma is a maladaptive psychosocial phenomenon that may disturb many areas of patient's life and have the negative impact on their quality of life. The present study explored the association between self-stigma, quality of life, demographic data, and the severity of symptoms in patients with depressive disorder.
Method
Patients, w...
Introduction
According indicators from the OECD in 2015, cardiovascular diseases remain the main cause of mortality in most OECD countries. But main risk factor, as smoking, obesity, hypertension or physical activity do not explain that Slovak republic was the worst from OECD countries with number 404 age-standardized rates per 100,000 population....
Introduction
Recently, as a result of an increased emphasis on patients’ needs, the awareness on the quality of life has been engaged into account in the exploration of schizophrenia.
Objectives
The aim of the study was to explore the relations between hope, self-stigma, personality traits and quality of life in patients with schizophrenia spectru...
Background
The views of one's self-stigma and quality of life in patients with schizophrenia and depressive disorders are significant subjective notions, both being proven to affect patient's functioning in life. The objective of this research was to find out the quality of life and self-stigma in connection with demographic factors and compare the...
Background
Supervision is the systematic guidance of a therapist by a supervisor. It is a basic part of training and ongoing education in cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Self-reflection and ethical reflection are an important part of supervision.
Method
The Pubmed database was searched for articles using the keywords supervision in CBT, therap...
Introduction
Alcohol dependence is a serious problem in Central Europe and the treatment effect depends on level of patient's motivation. The theory of change assumes that therapeutic approaches should be adapted to the motivation stage.
Objectives
To examine the state of readiness to change at the beginning and the end of inpatient 6-week and 12-...
Background
The objective of investigation was to determine whether patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) resistant to drug therapy may improve their condition using intensive, systematic cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) lasting six weeks and whether it is possible to predict treatment outcome using clinical and selected psychological...
Objective
Goal of the study was to analyze the impact of dissociation on the treatment of the patients with anxiety/neurotic spectrum and depressive disorders, and with or without personality disorders.
Methods
The sample consisted of inpatients who met the ICD-10 criteria for the Depressive disorder, Panic disorder, GAD, Mixed anxiety-depressive...
Introduction
Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), which is used by mental health professionals including occupational therapists (OT) is a time-sensitive, structured, present-oriented therapy directed toward solving current problems and teaching clients skills to modify dysfunctional thinking and behavior.
Objectives
Supporting the development of CBT...
Introduction
A recent reviews of published researchers suggest, that up to 25% of schizophrenia patients suffer from obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCs) and about 12% fulfill the diagnostic criteria for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Recently, the interest in this issue has significantly increased, probably due to the finding, that second gen...
Background
Psychological distress is considered as a component of the cardiovascular risk. The present study aims to determine which psychophysiological, electrocardiographic and anthropometric factors are correlated with life events, depression and quality of life in healthy adults.
Method
A total of 114 adults were examined using the Social Read...
Objective
The goal of this study was to examine the influence of dissociation, hope, personality trait and selected demographic factors in treatment response of this group of patients.
Methods
Pharmacoresistant depressive inpatients completed clinical global impression – both objective and subjective form, Beck depression inventory, and Beck anxie...