Irina Romanova’s scientific contributions

Macroeconomic dynamics is in the focus of attention of the scientific community due to the fact that it characterizes the key trends in the development of the national economy. The basic indicator in the system of national accounts is the gross domestic product (GDP), which in general form is the aggregate value of all goods and services produced within the national economy. GDP is widely used in the analysis of economic growth trends. Economic growth, creating conditions for it – the most important goal of economic development, both within the framework of ensuring the economic security of the entire national economy and at the level of an individual enterprise. Nowadays, economic development is characterized by an accelerated rate of scientific and technological progress: new technologies and approaches are being created that have higher efficiency. From a microeconomic point of view, the main factors of production are labor, capital and information. Fixed capital investments (buildings, structures, machinery and equipment) are a key instrument for renewing fixed assets. Investment activity is the process of renewing the capital of an enterprise as a result of modernizing its technical and technological base, which ensures its economic security. Investments, along with government spending, are key drivers of economic growth. As a result, we can confidently assert the high importance of investment activities, both throughout the country and at the level of individual economic entities, as well as their economic independence. The paper shows the ways to intensify economic growth and intensify investment activities in order to ensure the economic security of the Russian Federation.

The present paper focuses on key problems and specifics of ensuring food security and on state of agro-industrial complexes in different countries of the world. The authors defined the main aspects of state support for agriculture in advanced foreign economies and specified the challenges of food security ensuring. Agriculture is such an industry that brings prosperity to those who can work efficiently and make right decisions under high uncertainty, which may imply unsteady weather conditions, market environment, various production risks. Successful development of agriculture requires the ability to forecast and prevent unfavorable situations. In all countries, the main objective of agricultural production is to fully meet population’s demand for food using its own resources for manufacturing necessary food products. However, some countries do not have their own resources for agriculture, so they have to import finished products and raw materials for food production from other countries. For today, ensuring food security for all countries of the world is one of the most urgent problems of the mankind. Since the United Nations (the UN) was created, the international community has been paying close attention to the shortage of food. The issues of customs tariff regulation, plant and animal health care, administrative barriers – these are the priority tasks demanding systemic approaches, the fulfillment of which will stimulate the breakthrough inagriculture.

The relevance of the article is determined by the fact that air transport in general and the infrastructure of the airports in particular have strong negative impact on the environment. Some factors influencing the solution of this problem are considered in article, including the human factor. The quality management system in civil aviation organizations and the ecological strategy in the organizations of air transport are analysed. The examples of some Russian airports are studied. According to the authors, in addition to special technical measures, it is possible to use the incentive mechanism for employees of the air transport organization to form their responsible attitude to the accomplishment of their functional responsibilities regarding the potential impact on the ecological situation in the region.