January 2025
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95 Reads
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January 2025
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95 Reads
January 2025
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176 Reads
January 2025
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1,727 Reads
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4 Citations
The Lancet Infectious Diseases
Background Upper respiratory infections (URIs) are the leading cause of acute disease incidence worldwide and contribute to a substantial health-care burden. Although acute otitis media is a common complication of URIs, the combined global burden of URIs and otitis media has not been studied comprehensively. We used results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2021 to explore the fatal and non-fatal burden of the two diseases across all age groups, including a granular analysis of children younger than 5 years, in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021.
December 2024
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8 Reads
Life
Background: Esophageal cancer is a major public health issue, yet risk factors for its occurrence are still insufficiently known. This study aimed to estimate the global burden of esophageal cancer and its risk factors. Methods: This ecological study presented the incidence, mortality, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) of esophageal cancer in the world. This study collected the Global Burden of Disease study data from 1990 to 2019. Trends in esophageal cancer burden were assessed using the joinpoint regression analysis and calculating the average annual percent change (AAPC). Results: Globally, in 2019, in both sexes and all ages, the ASR for the incidence of esophageal cancer was 6.5 per 100,000 and for mortality, 6.1 per 100,000. The global proportion of DALYs for esophageal cancer attributable to selected behavioral, metabolic, and dietary risk factors was similar in males and females: chewing tobacco (3.8% vs. 5.1%), diet low in fruits (10.1% vs. 12.6%), diet low in vegetables (3.3% vs. 4.6%), and high body mass index (18.8% vs. 19.3%). However, the proportion of DALYs for esophageal cancer attributable to smoking and alcohol use was 4–5 times higher in males than in females (50.1% vs. 11.3%, and 29.6% vs. 5.1%, respectively). From 1990 to 2019, a significant decrease in global trends in rates of DALYs for esophageal cancer attributable to smoking (AAPC = −1.6%), chewing tobacco (AAPC = −0.5%), alcohol use (AAPC = −1.0%), a diet low in fruits (AAPC = −3.1%), and a diet low in vegetables (AAPC = −3.6%) was observed, while a significant increase in trends was observed in DALYs rates for esophageal cancer attributable to a high body mass index (AAPC = +0.4%). Conclusions: More epidemiological research is needed to elucidate the relationship between esophageal cancer and certain risk factors and guide prevention efforts.
December 2024
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116 Reads
December 2024
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45 Reads
December 2024
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54 Reads
December 2024
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53 Reads
December 2024
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73 Reads
December 2024
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95 Reads
... Rotavirus causes severe and fatal diarrhea in young patients worldwide and accounts for half of all hospitalizations for this condition in children under 5 years of age in developed countries. It is also responsible for approximately 25% of all hospital-acquired viral infections, particularly in immunocompromised children [65]. SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus was detected in two studies [45,49]. ...
December 2024
The Lancet Infectious Diseases
... In addition, the study evaluated the capacity of health facilities to test for anemia and ID. Similar to what previous studies have shown, economic, geographical and social development are the main determinants affecting the accessibility of health services (Arndt et al. 2024). ...
December 2024
The Lancet
... A landmark trial published in 2024 demonstrated the efficacy of the HIV-1 capsid inhibitor lenacapavir, administered twice a year by subcutaneous injection, in preventing HIV acquisition among women and girls in South Africa and Uganda. (2) This long-acting drug offers a new tool for HIV prevention, but its success depends on affordability and accessibility for those at greatest risk. The sustainability of HIV prevention and treatment programs is threatened by funding challenges. ...
November 2024
... HIV and other STIs had a moderate PoPStat and the burden of deaths reduced in the shift from progressive to regressive demographic structures. HIV could be the main culprit behind this finding as it made the largest contribution to this Level 2 category with the highest mortality rates seen among expansive populations in the Sub-Saharan African region [58]. Respiratory infections had the lowest PoPStat among communicable diseases. ...
November 2024
The Lancet HIV
... Cigarette smoking remains a major risk factor for avoidable morbidity and mortality globally, despite a significant decline in smoking prevalence in many nations. In 2021, smoking was responsible for around 142 million years of lost life and accounted for more than one in ten deaths globally [22][23][24]. Although the various impacts of tobacco cigarette smoking are well established, some connections, including its relationship with hematological indices, are still under discussion. ...
October 2024
The Lancet Public Health
... The quality of care provided to disabled children is closely linked to the health of their primary caregivers, predominantly mothers, whose physical and emotional well-being directly affects caregiving 6 capacity In Zambia, limited access to healthcare and ergonomic support exacerbates the physical and emotional strain on caregivers LBP is a major concern, with lifetime prevalence estimates ranging from 70% to 94%, and nerve entrapment contributing to up to 28% of cases, leading to clinical 7 interventions or time off work Lumbar spondylosis, a degenerative condition involving intervertebral disc degeneration, is characterised by cyst formation, subchondral sclerosis, osteophyte growth, and joint space 8 narrowing Spondylitis, an inflammatory condition of the vertebrae, often presents with localised pain that worsens at night and significantly impacts 9 quality of life Globally, LBP has an annual prevalence rate of up to 45%, with an increasing 10 incidence over the past 13 years While LBP is more common in women and peaks among individuals aged 60-65 years, its association with caregiving, particularly in low-resource settings, remains underexplored. ...
September 2024
The Lancet Neurology
... Bacterial infections remain a significant global health concern, contributing to millions of illnesses and deaths annually [1]. Noteworthy pathogens include Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes [2]. ...
September 2024
... Com a RAM, essas infecções se tornam mais difíceis de tratar, aumentando o risco de mortalidade, internações prolongadas e custos elevados para o sistema de saúde. Em nível econômico, a RAM é associada a além da promoção de boas práticas de higiene e saneamento (Naghavi et al., 2024). Contudo, a implementação de políticas eficazes enfrenta desafios, como a variabilidade das regulamentações e o uso indiscriminado de antimicrobianos na agricultura. ...
September 2024
... To reduce your chances of exposure to these bacteria, don't drink lake or pond water, wash your hands often, avoid unsecured foods, and beware of cross-contaminants between foods. [9]. Several studies have been conducted on contamination of well water with intestinal bacteria and sewage, especially the spread IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1183/1/012068 ...
September 2024
... When it comes to evaluating the true costs associated with strokes, there are multiple components of care that one needs to factor in: loss of productivity, neurorehabilitation, secondary prevention, social services, and resources from informal care. Recent findings suggest that the average per patient per year cost for all identifiable strokes in descending order across certain countries were reported to be USD 232,100 in Australia, USD 59,900 in the United States, Sweden at USD 52,725 followed by Spain at USD 41,950 [126,127]. In the United States, that value increases remarkably to USD 140,000 after factoring in other rehabilitation and long-term care expenditures [128]. ...
October 2024
The Lancet Neurology