Ilona Leki’s research while affiliated with The University of Tennessee Medical Center at Knoxville and other places

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Publications (23)


A Synthesis of Research on Second Language Writing in English
  • Article

January 2008

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1,373 Reads

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344 Citations

Ilona Leki

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Alister Cumming

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Tony Silva

Synthesizing twenty-five years of the most significant and influential findings of published research on second language writing in English, this volume promotes understanding and provides access to research developments in the field. Overall, it distinguishes the major contexts of English L2 learning in North America, synthesizes the research themes, issues, and findings that span these contexts, and interprets the methodological progression and substantive findings of this body of knowledge. Of particular interest is the extensive bibliography, which makes this volume an essential reference tool for libraries and serious writing professionals, both researchers and practitioners, both L1 and L2. This book is designed to allow researchers to become familiar with the most important research on this topic, to promote understanding of pedagogical needs of L2 writing students, and to introduce graduate students to L2 writing research findings.


Negotiating socioacademic relations: English learners' reception by and reaction to college faculty

April 2006

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92 Reads

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44 Citations

Journal of English for Academic Purposes

The experiences of English learners in tertiary education in the US are significantly colored by their interactions with faculty in courses across the curriculum, who are largely responsible for setting the tone in their classes. The intersection between L2 students' expectations, abilities, and needs and the requirements and attitudes of their instructors may be a site of frustrating contention or of enabling accommodation on both sides. Despite the potential academic and personal importance of such socioacademic interactions, relatively little research has systematically examined this feature of the academic context in which L2 undergraduate students must function.This report, based on case studies of immigrant and visa undergraduate students in the US and interview research with college faculty, explores these socioacademic interactions from three perspectives: the degrees and types of accommodation that faculty made for L2 students; the faculty's interview comments about L2 students; and the focal students' interview commentary on their experiences with these professors. In illuminating the relational context of these L2 students' undergraduate studies, this examination points to the students' efforts to manage their relationships with faculty and to construct comfortable subject positions for themselves in the context of unequal power relations.




Family Matters: The Influence of Applied Linguistics and Composition Studies on Second Language Writing Studies—Past, Present, and Future

March 2004

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236 Reads

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97 Citations

Modern Language Journal

This intellectual history of the disciplinary roots of second language (L2) writing research and pedagogy in English examines the influences of its feeder disciplines, composition studies and applied linguistics, and their parent disciplines, rhetoric and linguistics. After a brief history of L2 writing's two grandparent disciplines (rhetoric and linguistics) and its two parent disciplines (composition studies and applied linguistics), the article focuses on the effect of the two parent disciplines' conflicting identities. Whereas L2 writing benefits from its invigorating position at the confluence of these two intellectual streams, it has also been pulled in different incompatible directions resulting from differences, and even similarities, between applied linguistics' and composition studies' inquiry paradigms and traditions, their intellectual identities, and the material disciplinary manifestations of their organizations, conferences, and publications. A brief history of L2 writing pedagogy and research demonstrates the push and pull of the conflicting influences of its feeder disciplines.


Comment 3

November 2003

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13 Reads

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1 Citation



Coda: Pushing L2 Writing Research

February 2003

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49 Reads

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32 Citations

Journal of Second Language Writing

Provides summary observations on articles presented in this special issue of the journal and makes an appeal for connecting work in second language writing to broader intellectual strands, domains, and dimensions of modern thought and contemporary lived experience. (Author/VWL)


Living through College Literacy: Nursing in a Second Language

January 2003

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91 Reads

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61 Citations

Written Communication

This case study of a Chinese undergraduate nursing student focuses on her literacy experiences in her nursing major. Although traditional academic writing played some role in her education, the unusual demands of nonacademic, disciplinary documents, particularly nursing care plans (NCPs), played a more significant and more intractable role in her education and in the difficulties she faced. This investigation of features of academic literacy across the curriculum also embeds this student’s experience in broader concerns of the nursing curriculum and nursing regulatory agencies, further complicating the role of disciplinary literacy acquisition.


“A Narrow Thinking System”: Nonnative-English-Speaking Students in Group Projects Across the Curriculum

March 2001

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228 Reads

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206 Citations

TESOL Quarterly

In examining the contexts of learning for L2 English bilinguals, educators and researchers may have ignored an important feature of that context, the social/academic relationships the learners develop with native-English-speaking peers. Long considered a means of promoting learning and independence among students, group work is one domain where such social/academic interactions occur in university-level courses across the curriculum in English-dominant countries. The research reported here details the experiences of two nonnative-English-speaking (NNES) students in course-sponsored group projects. The findings suggest that the particular social/academic relationships that develop within work groups may undermine the ability of NNES students to make meaningful contributions to the group projects. Furthermore, even group projects that appear to work well may conceal particular burdens for NNES students of which faculty who assign group projects may remain unaware.


Citations (18)


... Some MSSs indicated that their teachers do not provide support during this process. The absence of writing in the teaching process, teachers' deficiencies, and the failure to design the teaching process by objectives contribute to the underdevelopment of writing skills (Genç Ersoy & Göl Dede, 2022;Leki, Cumming, & Silva, 2008). This situation reveals the importance of teachers" positive attitude towards writing and guiding their students in writing (Pajares, 2002). ...

Reference:

I AM NOT A FAN OF WRITING: EXPERIENCES OF MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS WITH NEGATIVE ATTITUDES TOWARDS WRITING
A Synthesis of Research on Second Language Writing in English
  • Citing Article
  • January 2008

... Compared with other types of language learning materials, literature provides authentic, and more importantly vivid, contexts for the use of L2 language. Through engaging themselves in the given context for a specific purpose (usually for pleasure and curiosity), bilingual students do L2 language practices unconsciously and gradually become more competent and fluent in reading second language materials [37][38][39]. ...

Outsiders: American Short Stories for Students of ESL
  • Citing Article
  • December 1984

TESOL Quarterly

... One of the linguistic skills that has seen an increase in demand in recent decades is writing for different purposes, such as the academic and the professional ones. The broad field of study that English writing represents (English as a second language, esl or English as a foreign language, efl) continues to expand both theoretically and pedagogically and this is evidenced through practical, pedagogical, methodological and theoretical studies carried out with-in this specialized field of study (Cumming, 1995;Carson and Leki, 1993;Ferris and Hedgcock, 2005;Grabe and Kaplan, 1996;Hyland, 2004;Kroll 1990;Leki, 1992;Matsuda and Silva, 2005;Silva andMatsuda, 2001a, 2001b;Zamel, 1998). This chapter presents part of the literary review that was carried out with the purpose of developing a qualitative research regarding writing. ...

Reading in the Composition Classroom: Second Language Perspectives
  • Citing Article
  • January 1993

Modern Language Journal

... This claim is supported by Ur (1996), who states that teachers who use a process approach to teaching writing should assist students in composing and revising their drafts utilizing input from various sources rather than focusing on fixing their mistakes. As Leki (1994) points out, this may be accomplished by having other students comment on the teacher's evaluation. She notes that students are increasingly participating in reacting to writing, so the instructor is not the only one who responds to or assesses students' texts. ...

Students' Perceptions of EAP Writing Instruction and Writing Needs Across the Disciplines
  • Citing Article
  • March 1994

TESOL Quarterly

... This concept refers not to the group itself but to the ongoing social process of negotiating competence in a domain over time (Farnsworth et al., 2016). This model has been applied to diverse L2 learning contexts, such as university group projects (Leki, 2001), Grade 1 classroom practices (Toohey, 1998), academic writing for publication (Casanave, 1998;Flowerdew, 2000), graduate student-adviser relationships (Belcher, 1994), and immigrant women's language learning (Norton & Toohey, 2011). Therefore, a CoP can be seen as a social learning system where learning produces social structure (Wenger, 2010). ...

“A Narrow Thinking System”: Nonnative-English-Speaking Students in Group Projects Across the Curriculum
  • Citing Article
  • March 2001

TESOL Quarterly

... These criteria, which go beyond only reading or writing, are believed to realistically evaluate the critical interaction between reading and writing both conceptually and textually. These features show our considerations to align the scale construct with the demands of academic reading and writing requiring evaluation of source ideas, critically engaging with source information, and incorporating them into writing (Leki & Carson, 1997;Moore & Morton, 2005). By considering these nuances, the IW scale addresses deficiencies in the operationalisation of IW skills and provides detailed insights for an informed decision-making process. ...

“Completely Different Worlds”: EAP and the Writing Experiences of ESL Students in University Courses
  • Citing Article
  • March 1997

TESOL Quarterly

... Research on the language proficiency and competency of final year students in Malaysian universities shows that their writing reflects poor ideas, accuracy and presentation (Siti Hamin et al., 2005; Tg Nor Rizan et al., 2007). However, there is little research on students' writing in the transition period; whether from school or pre-university levels to university (Baker, 2011; Chan & Ain, 2004; Kramer-Dahl, 2004). Thus, this paper attempts to look into L2 students' cultures of writing in the transition period from pre-university to higher education. ...

Writing and Learning in Cross-National Perspective: Transitions From Secondary to Higher Education
  • Citing Article
  • June 2003

TESOL Quarterly

... For any student, another problem presented by timed writing tests is that they are given under artificial conditions: students must compose on an assigned topic, and they are most often not allowed to access any reference material such as dictionaries. Many students find it difficult to write "cold" on a topic they might never have seen before and perhaps care nothing about or, even worse, know nothing about (Huot, 1990a;Leki, 1991). Further, in the timed essay test there is no time for revision or any other process approaches (Wolcott & Legg, 1998). ...

A New Approach to Advanced ESL Placement Testing
  • Citing Article