Ian Gemmill's research while affiliated with Health Canada and other places

... Examples of public health process research (rather than data combining/sharing) were found across EDSyS in Canada [127][128][129]. Collaborative working across international borders was identified less often. ...

... In Manitoba, vaccinations and well-baby visits are additionally administered by public health nurses, particularly in rural health regions (Hilderman et al., 2011) of 2011, vaccine-specific billing codes were introduced. A validation study showed high positive predictive value and high specificity, with moderate sensitivity (Schwartz et al., 2015). Unlike in Ontario, Manitoba's immunization data are in a centralized immunization registry and thus not dependent on provider billing completeness and accuracy. ...

... Some studies explore the potential use of school absenteeism to monitoring the influenza activity in the community. In some regions, school absenteeism has been integrated as a part of routine disease surveillance, particularly for respiratory virus infections [16][17][18][19][20][21], although there are also usages for other diseases [22,23]. However, the component of school absenteeism surveillance could be different, such as the use of all-cause and illness-specific absenteeism. ...

... The uncoordinated leadership we identified affected how policies were communicated and implemented. Previous studies have highlighted partnership, coordination, and collaboration as vital components for ensuring efficient preparedness and response to public health emergencies and beyond, with the presence of coordination structures, infrastructure, roles, mandates, and adequate funding playing crucial roles as facilitators [47,48]. Hence, we propose that coordination can be enhanced through clear reporting structures and well-defined communication protocols that outline responsibilities, expectations, and the manner in which information should be exchanged among partners at different levels. ...

... Tetracyclines are usually avoided, especially during the second half of the pregnancy, due to the risk of hepatotoxicity in the mother and permanent discoloration of bones and teeth in the fetus. In these cases, second-choice antibiotics such as macrolides are usually preferred [73], even if caution should be exercised due to the risk of QT interval prolongation [69]. ...

... This graph shows the epidemiological curve of lab-confirmed cases and deaths (recorded within 28 days of positive test) due to SARS-CoV-2 in England (30/01/2020-24/05/2020), showing the introduction of non-pharmaceutical interventions at three significant dates, which are used as reference points in subsequent Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 [9] awareness, and monitor the emergence and spread of common infectious diseases and the public health impact of non-infectious diseases through the population. The important role of syndromic surveillance has been demonstrated during both major emergencies and mass gathering events, e.g. the 2009 global influenza pandemic [13,14], during periods of extreme hot [15,16] and cold [17] weather, and events such as the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games [18]. COVID-19 has generated several new challenges for the syndromic surveillance systems, including: the impact of media reporting and social distancing measures on healthcareseeking behaviour, changes in healthcare system delivery, and an increased demand for rapid analysis and dissemination of findings [19]. ...

... Moreover, Physicians' self-estimated sufficiency of knowledge on HPVV and perceived efficacy of HPVV were also reported as barriers to HPVV. 51 The behavioral component reflects people's attitudes and influences their behavior. From the studies discussed above, it was clear that multiple factors at all three levels (patient, provider, and system level) play a role in shaping people's attitudes and their behavior; hence, the associated factors served as important barriers to HPVV. ...

... Availability of surveillance data serves multiple purposes [47]. The surveillance data described in this study are presented biweekly to the Ministry of Education and also included in the Sciensano weekly updates [20,21]. ...

... (intent to recommend) [45,56,61,63,66,68,69,[73][74][75][76][77][78][79] perceived low or unclear efficacy [ Age and experience older or more experienced [49,73,81,111] older [65] Age [42,63,72,90,97,100,101,[104][105][106]108,109,112]; experience [54,63,87,113,114] Number of years practicing greater number [65,72,100,115]; recent graduates [46] year of graduation [47]; time practicing [56,71,82,116] History treating the disease [45,54,67,70,87,110,112] Number of patients seen greater number [49,117] [72] ...

... A large majority were quantitative studies conducted via email or online surveys with HCPs; four utilized qualitative interviews [35,36] and mixed methods [37,38]. A small number referenced extant models as research framework; most of these developed questionnaires based on the Health Belief Model [36,[39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] and Theory of Planned Behavior [45,49,50], and one built upon the Cognitive Model of Empowerment [51]. Studies commonly recruited HCPs from hospital staff, medical associations or conferences, and provider databases. ...