I Made Maduarta’s scientific contributions

This paper focuses on lessons related to the development of viable medium, small and micro-enterprises (SMMEs) based on non-timber products in East Nusa Tenggara (ENT), Indonesia, that are relevant to the international aid shift towards private sector development and women’s economic empowerment. Most of the products traded in the 11 428 market stalls surveyed in informal-sector market places in ENT were not from forests or agroforests, but were vegetables, second-hand clothes and other products. Most of the forest and agro-forestry products being sold were low entry-point, low-value products, sold as part of people’s survival or coping strategies. Nevertheless, a few specialist products, such as indigo, hand-woven textiles, Symplocos leaf mordants and Lygodium fern baskets, have been remarkably successful in reaching global markets. Developing business partnerships with local producer groups and entrepreneurs is easier said than done, and requires strategic choices. In addition, enterprises need to be economically viable. At first, palm sugar from Borassus flabellifer, for example, seemed to be a viable product, but the costs of the fuelwood used to boil palm sap to produce palm sugar is the major constraint on palm sugar producers and household income. Ten barriers facing entry of non-timber products into commercial markets are identified that should be taken into account if long-term enterprise development based on these products is to succeed in the long term.

The people of Boti in West Timor, Indonesia, still perform their earth-based traditional belief system called Uis Neno ma Uis Pah. The community’s way of life is integral to the natural world in which they live. The deep respect they have for the natural world is expressed in the ceremonies and taboos that the people of Boti adhere to. While people from outside of Boti experience crop failure, the people of Boti experience a good harvest. While outsiders exploit the land, Boti people have a calendar system that is strictly followed allowing the land to be restored. This calendar includes a special day each week when the land is to be allowed to rest and may not be touched by humans. According to the people of Boti – harmony is a balance between the relationship of; humans to each other, humans to nature, and humans to the ancestor or Divine Being. This book has listed more than 70 important plants found in Boti along with the plant’s use as; food, drink, fodder, medicine, construction material, household furnishings and for rituals. This book reminds us that most of what we need in life can be found in nature if we show our respect and continue to care of our natural environment.

The people of Boti in West Timor, Indonesia, still perform their earth-based traditional belief system called Uis Neno ma Uis Pah. The community’s way of life is integral to the natural world in which they live. The deep respect they have for the natural world is expressed in the ceremonies and taboos that the people of Boti adhere to. While people from outside of Boti experience crop failure, the people of Boti experience a good harvest. While outsiders exploit the land, Boti people have a calendar system that is strictly followed allowing the land to be restored. This calendar includes a special day each week when the land is to be allowed to rest and may not be touched by humans. According to the people of Boti – harmony is a balance between the relationship of; humans to each other, humans to nature, and humans to the ancestor or Divine Being. This book has listed more than 70 important plants found in Boti along with the plant’s use as; food, drink, fodder, medicine, construction material, household furnishings and for rituals. This book reminds us that most of what we need in life can be found in nature if we show our respect and continue to care of our natural environment.

Hanging by a Thread: Natural Metallic Mordant Processes in Traditional Indonesian Textiles. Despite the availability of synthetic dyes and the impact of significant religious, social, and economic change, textile weavers in more remote areas of Indonesia continue naturally dyed textile production as a living tradition. This paper documents mordant plants in Sulawesi, West Kalimantan, and nine islands in eastern Indonesia (Bali, Flores, Java, Lembata, Nusa Penida, Rai Jua, Savu, Sumba, and West Timor). These plants, such as various Symplocos species, are hyperaccumulators of aluminum compounds. Other plants used as sources of alkaline ash, of saponifiable oils and fats and for ritual purposes in the dyeing process, are also recorded. Di Ambang Kepunahan: proses mordan dengan menggunakan logam dari tumbuhan dalam pembuatan kain tradisional di Indonesia. Ditengah maraknya pemakaian warna sintetis serta terjadinya perubahan dalam keyakinan, keadaan sosial dan ekonomi, penenun di beberapa daerah terpencil tetap memproduksi kain warna alam sebagai sebuah tradisi. Jurnal ini membahas tumbuhan mordant atau perekat warna serta tantangan yang dihadapi dalam pemakaiannya di daerah Sulawesi dan Kalimantan serta di sembilan pulau lain di Indonesia mencakup Bali, Flores, Jawa, Lembata, Nusa Penida, Rai Jua, Sabu, Sumba dan Timor Barat. Tumbuhan mordant yang dibahas, seperti Symplocos, menganndung zataluminum yang tinggi. Tumbuhan lain yang dipergunakan sebagai sumber abu alkali, minyak dan lemak saponifiable, serta yang dipakai dalam ritual proses mordant juga dibahas dalam artikel ini. Key WordsNatural mordants–oil seeds– Symplocos