Hussain Suhaimi’s research while affiliated with Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia and other places

Purpose: The aim of this study is to determine the mean central corneal thickness (CCT) and mean intraocular pressure (IOP) in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and to determine the relationship between CCT and IOP on the one hand and age, gender, retinopathy hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and duration of diabetes on the other. Methods: This is a case-control, hospital-based study conducted at Hospital ___________ between January and November 2022. Thirty-eight children with T1DM were recruited as cases, and 38 healthy children were recruited as controls. The cases and controls then underwent ophthalmic examination, IOP measurement, and CCT measurement using optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the right eye. The IOP measurements were adjusted for CCT for further analysis. Results: The means CCT and IOP values were significantly higher in the T1DM group than in the control group (p-value<0.02 respectively). The mean CCT was 542.18 ± 20.40 µm in the T1DM group, and 529.52 ± 26.17 µm in the control group. The mean IOP was 14.68 ± 1.98 mmHg in the T1DM group, and 13.52 ± 1.66 mmHg in the control group. The mean HbA1c was 10.68 ± 2.49% in the T1DM group. Age and duration of diabetes mellitus (DM) were found to have a significant association with CCT in children with T1DM. The duration of DM was also found to be significantly associated with the IOP. Gender and HbA1c levels were found to have no significant relationship with either CCT or IOP. Conclusion: Children with T1DM have significantly higher CCT and IOP than the average child. The duration of DM is a significant factor that impacts both CCT and IOP. In addition, age is another factor that affects CCT in children with T1DM.

Purpose: There are limited data from Asian countries regarding retinal thickness in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). This study aimed to compare the macular and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) parameters between diabetic children without retinopathy and non-diabetic healthy children. We also evaluated the factors associated with RNFL thickness in children with T1DM. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among children with T1DM and healthy children aged 7-17 years old in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia from 2017 to 2019. Children with retinal disease or glaucoma were excluded. Macular and RNFL thicknesses were measured using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Demographic information, duration of diabetes, blood pressure, body mass index, visual acuity, and retinal examination findings were documented. Glycosylated hemoglobin levels, renal function, and blood lipid levels were also collected. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 24 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) was used for statistical analyses. Results: Forty-one children with T1DM and 80 age- and gender-matched children were enrolled. Both genders were affected. Mean duration of DM was 3.66 years. The mean HbA1c levels in the T1DM group was 9.99%. The mean macular and RNFL thicknesses in children with T1DM were 277.56 (15.82) µm and 98.85 (12.05) µm, respectively. Children with T1DM had a significantly thinner average macula, superior outer macula, nasal outer macula, mean RNFL, and inferior RNFL thickness compared to controls (p<0.05). There was a significant association between nephropathy and the mean RNFL thickness. Conclusion: Children with T1DM had significantly decreased mean macular and RNFL thicknesses. Nephropathy is associated with an increased RNFL thickness.