Henry C. Lee’s research while affiliated with University of New Haven and other places

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Publications (58)


The Use of Biological and Botanical Evidence in Criminal Investigations
  • Chapter

July 2024

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8 Reads

Carll Ladd

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Kristina A. Schierenbeck

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Henry C. Lee





Figure 1. Five cultivars of whole tomatoes (letter means color, diameter; (A) red, 3.5 cm 2 ; (B) red, 8.5 cm  5.4 cm; (C) yellow, 7.0 cm 2 ; (D) red, 7.5 cm 2 ; (E) red, 9.0 cm  7.7 cm).
Figure 2. Five cultivars of tomato seeds. It is hard to distinguish different tomato cultivars from seed's morphological appearance (designated A-E).
Figure 6. (A) DNA test results of nine seeds from commercial tomato products. Lanes 1-3 are quantitation standards, K562 (50, 25, 12.5 ng, respectively) ; lane 4 is a negative control; lanes 5-9 are DNA extracted from seeds of five canned tomatoes; lanes 10-13 are DNA extracted from seeds of four brands of tomato spaghetti sauces; lane 14 is a DNA extracted from fresh seed; lanes 15-16 are standard size markers, 1 Kb, and 100 bp ladder, respectively (New England Biolabs, Beverly, MA, USA). (B) DNA extracted from 1 mL of tomato sauce and fresh tomato juice. Lanes 1-4 are quantitative standards, K562 (100, 50, 25, 12.5 ng, respectively); lane 5 is a negative control; lanes 6-7 are DNA extracted from two types of canned tomatoes; lanes 8-13 are DNA extracted from six brands of tomato spaghetti sauces; lane 14 is a DNA extracted from fresh tomato tissue; lanes 15-16 are standard size markers 1 Kb and 100 bp ladder, respectively (New England Biolabs, Beverly, MA, USA). (C) Photomicrographs of the seed surface morphology of nine brands of commercial tomato products and one fresh tomato seed.
Figure 7. (A) DNA test results from ten different cooked conditions. Lanes 1-3 are quantitative standards, K562 (50, 25, 12.5 ng); lane 4 is a negative control; lanes 5-14 are tomato seeds that were boiled for 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30 s and 1, 3, 5 min; lanes 15-16 are standard size markers 1 Kb and 100 bp ladder (New England Biolabs, Beverly, MA, USA). (B) DNA test results from ten different cooked conditions. Lanes 1-3 are quantitative standards, K562 (50, 25, 12.5 ng); lanes 4-9 are tomato seeds that were boiled for 10, 20, 30 min and 1, 2, 3 h; lane 10 is a pan-fried tomato seed that was cooked above 100 C for 3 min; lanes 11-13 are tomato seeds that were cooked at 218 C for 10, 20 or 30 min); lane 14 is DNA from fresh seed; lanes 15-16 are standard size markers 1 Kb and 100 bp ladder (New England Biolabs). (C) Photomicrographs of the seed surface morphology from seeds cooked at 10 different cooking times (from 30 s to 3 h) at 100 C and one fresh tomato seed.
Figure 8. Photomicrographs of the seed surface morphology of fresh and cooked (pan-fried and baked) seeds.
Evaluation of plant seed DNA and botanical evidence for potential forensic applications
  • Article
  • Full-text available

June 2019

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1,106 Reads

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11 Citations

Forensic Sciences Research

Seeds, the reproductive organs of plants, are common as trace evidence from crime scenes. Seed evidence could be grouped into several categories based on the types of crimes they are associated with, including child abuse, homicides and drugs. Most commonly, seeds are examined microscopically and identified to the plant species level to show a linkage between persons and places. More recently, forensic researchers have evaluated the potential for extracting and typing DNA from seeds to further individualize the samples. As a model system, tomato seeds were examined microscopically after different cooking treatments and assessed for the potential to DNA type seeds for variety identification. A sufficient quantity and quality of DNA were recovered from uncooked, digested and undigested tomato seeds for amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis; however, any form of cooking destroyed the seed DNA. A simple microscopic analysis was able to distinguish between a cooked tomato seed versus an uncooked seed. This article is intended to provide an overview of case examples and current techniques for the forensic examination of seeds as plant-derived evidence.

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Cyber crime and challenges for crime investigation in the information era

July 2008

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330 Reads

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4 Citations

Summary form only given. The rapid development of computer technology and the integration of computer and communication technology have made significant changes to human information activities. Firstly, the efficient and effective power of information processing has made computer the most important tool for data processing. As a result, more and more data are processed and stored in computer systems. Secondly, the transcend nature of the Internet has made it one of the major channels for human communication. Consequently, our society is in a state of transformation toward a ldquovirtual society,rdquo where peoplepsilas daily activities, such as shopping, getting services, and especially sharing information, can be accomplished without face-to-face contact with others. Nowadays, computers and computer networks are ubiquitous and used in every facet of modern society. Although information technology has enabled global businesses to flourish, it also becomes one of the major enablers for unscrupulous individuals to commit crime and escape apprehensions by law enforcement agencies. It is often stated that cyber crime investigation & forensics is the largest challenge for law enforcement agencies in this 21st century. This presentation will address the issues current faced by law enforcement agencies and attempt to look ahead in order to discern the research directions for cyber crime investigation and computer forensics.



Citations (43)


... Also, human skeletal remains from mass graves of the Spanish Civil War (1936)(1937)(1938)(1939) have been exhumed and identified [9][10][11]. Similar efforts have led to the genetic identification of skeletal remains from World War II mass graves in Slovenia, Croatia, Poland, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and France [12][13][14][15][16]. The universal right to post-mortem identification is enshrined in domestic and international law [17,18]. ...

Reference:

Molecular Identification of the Italian Soldiers Found in the Second World War Mass Grave of Ossero
Identification of skeletal remains in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, including the homeland war - a 30-year review
  • Citing Article
  • June 2024

Croatian Medical Journal

... This year's conference is the first without Moses Schanfield, whom we lost last year (6). Together with us, Professor Schanfield was the founder and driving force of the conference series. ...

A meaningful, passionate life. Colleagues, friends, and family celebrate the life of Moses Schanfield (1944-2021)
  • Citing Article
  • June 2022

Croatian Medical Journal

... DNA barcoding is a rapidly developing field in which a standardized set of DNA regions is sequenced and an unknown sample is identified (usually by species) by comparing known samples in a database. Although Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) and sequences in the chloroplast genome, which encode ribosomal genes, are commonly preferred in DNA barcoding studies in plants, gene regions such as rbcL, matK, trnH-psbA are also used [16]. A DNA barcoding process; includes the extraction of DNA from the sample, PCR amplification of the regions containing the protected regions with relevant primers, sequencing of these regions with Sanger sequencing, and identification of the obtained sequences in international databases such as National Center for Biotechnology Information GenBank Database (NCBI). ...

Evaluation of plant seed DNA and botanical evidence for potential forensic applications

Forensic Sciences Research

... Из этого следует, что совершенствование преподавания должно иметь своей отправной точкой четкое понимание порядка возникновения предпосылок для назначения экспертизы, процедуры ее назначения и производства при всем многообразии следственно-и судебно-экспертных ситуаций. Дидактические методы и средства должны при этом формироваться исходя из содержания этих процессуальных действий и степени сложности усвоения учебного материала обучающимися [5,6]. Сосредоточим внимание на этих особенностях, освещая их с учетом специфики преподавания основ судебной строительно-технической экспертизы. ...

Forensic Science Laboratory/Forensic Science Program Cooperation and Relationships: The View from the Forensic Science Laboratory
  • Citing Article
  • July 1988

Journal of Forensic Sciences

... Due to the practical nature of forensic engineering, an apprenticeship with a national laboratory, where prominent investigations of failure are usually conducted, can significantly enhance the content of the FE programme. Such apprenticeships are common among the forensic scientific community (Gaensslen and Lee, 1988; Lee and Gaensslen, 1988). The apprenticeship can be mounted as a fifth-year programme and add significant value to the student's professional experience. ...

Regional Cooperation and Regional Centers Among Forensic Science Programs in the United States
  • Citing Article
  • July 1988

Journal of Forensic Sciences

... Amplifi ed Fragment Length Polymorphism -AFLP). RAPD analiza često se primjenjuje u botaničkoj forenzici za povezivanje žrtve i mjesta zločina (54), za neovlaštenu komercijalizaciju biljaka prilikom patentiranja biljnih proizvoda (55) te za analizu želučanog sadržaja žrtve (56). AFLP je metoda za genotipizaciju biljnih uzoraka iz jednog izvora (57). ...

DNA and the Identification of Plant Species from Stomach Contents
  • Citing Chapter
  • September 2004

... In addition to a phosphate group [1]. The genetic material in most living organisms appears in the form of a double helix of DNA, which is characterized by the following specifications: stability so that the genetic information performs its function in the living organism, and the ability to repeat and multiply and allows the genetic information to be transferred to new cells [2]. This acid is found in all nuclei of the cells of the human body except for red blood cells, which do not have a nucleus. ...

DNA Typing in Forensic Science
  • Citing Article
  • December 1994

The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology: official publication of the National Association of Medical Examiners

... Exemplares da espécie Cannabis sativa foram primeiramente classificadas por Carolus Linnaes em 1753. No entanto, estas plantas são conhecidas da humanidade há mais de 6.000 anos, sendo uma das mais antigas culturas do mundo 1 . Além da C.sativa, o gênero Cannabis apresenta outras duas espécies, C. indica e C. ruderalis que vêm sendo utilizada como fibra têxtil, por conta de sua riqueza em fibras, em preparações medicamentosas, rituais religiosos e como droga recreativa em virtude da bioatividade de seus componentes. ...

TRACKING CLONAL MARIJUANA USING AMPLIFIED FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM (AFLP) ANALYSIS: AN OVERVIEW
  • Citing Article
  • September 2004

... Epithelial cells are about 50µm in diameter whereas, spermatozoa are 50µm in length but < 6µm in width [9]. In another study, Ladd et al. [47] reported a track-etched filter or a laser tracketched filter, or a combination of the two for separation of sperm cells and non-sperm cells. These techniques showed promising results using the pristine sperm cells whereas fail to achieve the greater goal while dealing with the casework samples. ...

Document Title: Development of a High-Throughput Method to Isolate Sperm DNA in Sexual Assault Cases
  • Citing Article

... Forensic science is a common term in our society by which one can understand as the application of scientific means to criminal justice system. The analytical techniques [18] along with capability of statistical interpretation of obtained data are required by forensic scientists to investigate the source or origin of special forensic objects (hair, nail, cloth, soil, glass, paintings, food, precious metals, gemstones, gunshot residue, opium, drugs and narcotics) to arrive at a logical end towards provenance study [19,20]. The chemical compositions particularly minor and trace elements are important for provenance study to obtain the source or origin of the forensic samples [21,22]. ...

Instrumentation and analytical methodology in forensic science
  • Citing Article
  • December 1985

Journal of Chemical Education