Harry J. Sapienza's research while affiliated with University of Minnesota Duluth and other places

... For instance, future research, instead of focusing on the comparison between academic and corporate spinoffs, can dive into the pool of academic spinoffs that can differ significantly from one another. Indeed, academics are not a uniform group of individuals as they have often been presented in prior research on academic spinoffs, and therefore they may envision creating spinoffs that differ significantly in some dimensions, such as the scope of activities and growth potential (Balven et al. 2018;Zellmer-Bruhn et al. 2021). Scholars can, thus, examine which academic spinoffs decide to be located in science parks, as well as when and under which circumstances spinoffs decide to leave the science park premises and set up their own business premises. ...

... Achieving higher response rates has been a challenge not only in Finland (e.g. Autio et al., 2000) but also in surveys targeted at SMEs elsewhere (Bartholomew & Smith, 2006;Newby et al., 2003). ...

... Second, taking an entrepreneur perspective, we evaluate the determinants of companies' post-campaign listings. There are several costs associated with listing, including competition effects from the secondary market on the primary market (Andrieu and Groh, 2021;Chen et al., 2013), downward pressure on valuation (see Nadauld et al., 2019, for evidence in private equity), reputational concerns (Akerlof, 1970), and coordination and communication costs (Sapienza and Korsgaard, 1996;Walthoff-Borm et al., 2018b). Indeed, many companies do not list despite the evident benefits of a listing plan for fundraising. ...

... The efficacy of a group's decision-making rests in part on its members' cooperation in sharing information and thoroughly airing disagreements in assumptions and interpretation. Furthermore, having a say in a decision allows members to feel like decision-makers and validates their position on the judgment team [61]. A decision-making committee comprised of four specialists (customers) and two professionals with over 10 years of experience in the finance sector is formed to establish and analyze the factors influencing E-wallet adoption. ...

... For SMEs, resources are often limited and these constraints can interfere with their ability to survive (Andrade-Valbuena et al., 2017;Mishina et al., 2004). 2 The literature on SMEs suggests that resource constraints negatively affect different processes from the detection of demand and supply opportunities (van Burg et al., 2012) to deferment of innovation activities (Andrade-Valbuena et al., 2021;Laforet & Tann, 2006;Madrid-Guijarro et al., 2016). As existing resources are depleted, managers are compelled to disband or search for new resources (Sapienza & Gupta, 1994). In this sense, resources are increasingly acknowledged in SME research as important determinants of survival (Andrade-Valbuena et al., 2017;Terziovski, 2010). ...

... Prior research has found that when customers trust a seller, the earned trust easily spills over to other business relationships between the buyer and the seller (Porter and Donthu 2008;Saparito, Chen, and Sapienza 2004). Thus, trust earned in the front end is very likely to carry over to the back end of the deal, where the seller offers products and services that complement the main purchase. ...

... A common way for the State to intervene in the entrepreneurial ecosystem is through the usage of government backed venture capital firms. In the 1990s, governments began promoting venture capital as a means of positively influencing economic growth (Manigart & Sapienza, 1999). Financing through government venture capital firms improved entrepreneurial ventures in comparison to private ventures, which showed that government support was a positive enabler so long as it was not excessive in nature (Brander, et al., 2010). ...

... Studies about individual learning and decision-making (the second cluster), instead, emphasize the concept of interdisciplinarity in entrepreneurship studies (Herron et al., 1992;Matthews et al., 2018;Ripsas, 1998). Entrepreneurship scholars have always remarked that new approaches and different perspectives need to be considered in order to investigate learning processes and decision-making in entrepreneurship. ...

... In other words, dynamic processes differ from static ones in several important ways – time matters, and that makes the paths, sequences, and nonequlibria states a focal concern to firms in how they choose strategies and organizational structures. ENT is relatively more associated with dynamics (Bruyat and Julien, 2001; Herron et al., 1991) because entrepreneurship does not exist in static conditions (with very few exceptions). Entrepreneurial activity is associated with movement and change: it dislodges systems away from given equilibria (Schumpeter, 1934) or toward new ones (Hayek, 1948). ...

... Collectively, we refer to this condition as Elevating Commitment ("an enduring desire to maintain a valued relationship," Moorman et al., 1992) (in this case, the social structure), which is at the core of interpersonal cooperation and relationships (Korsgaard et al., 1995). This elevated commitment, combined with the cultivated reframing, allowed people to interact more openly with each other, and reinforced, in turn, community building and social embeddedness (own observation). ...