Hapid Durohman’s scientific contributions

The Rohingya refugee crisis has garnered global attention, eliciting both pros and cons to the dispersion of Rohingya refugees across different nations. The purpose of this This research is to analyzes the pros and cons of the Rohingya refugee situation and its implications for religion, humanity, society, and the economy. The research method uses qualitative descriptive analysis included in the literature review, which takes secondary data from sources such as the Immigration Detention Center, UNHCR, and IOM. The research result show four main backgrounds to the Rohingya crisis: religious , humanitarian, social, and economic. The study identifies numerous hoaxes and hate speech targeting the Rohingya, causing societal polarization and the disruption of social harmony. The same of religion and human values becomes the primary reason to assist Rohingya refugees. However, societal rejection also occurs due to the presence of certain Rohingya individuals who violate local norms and religious principles. From a social and economic perspective, helping the Rohingya refugees is an effort to prevent human trafficking transactions. However, it has the potential to cause social jealousy. Rohingya refugees negatively impact the economy, but in Malaysia, they contribute positively to the informal sector. Resolving this crisis demands international cooperation, humanitarian aid, diplomatic efforts, and a commitment to human rights for concrete solutions.

Purpose: This research examines Islamic Ethics Work, Hedonic Values, and Attitudes toward the Intention to Establish Sustainable Entrepreneurship. Design/methodology/approach: The research method used is quantitative with a conclusive research design. The primary data used is obtained through a questionnaire distributed on the internet, with the criteria of Muslim students. A total of 210 respondents were gathered. This study employs the SEM-PLS data analysis model. Findings: The results show that Islamic Ethics Work has a positive direct influence on Attitude, while Hedonic Values do not directly impact Attitude. Furthermore, the Islamic Ethics Work variable does not directly impact the Intention to Establish Sustainable Entrepreneurship. In contrast, Attitude has a positive influence, and Hedonic Values have a negative influence. Islamic Ethics Work positively influences the Intention to Establish Sustainable Entrepreneurship through Attitude. Meanwhile, Hedonic Values have little impact on the Intention to Establish Sustainable Entrepreneurship through Attitude. Research implications: The results of this study can have implications for developing entrepreneurship courses in higher education by incorporating Islamic Ethics Work to provide opportunities for students to adopt a sustainable entrepreneurship approach and reduce hedonism.

Zakat is one of the pillars of Islam and holds significant potential in Indonesia. However, the collected amount remains below its potential due to the neglect and perceived insignificance of zakat payments by many Muslims. Therefore, understanding socio-economic behaviors and factors influencing individual decisions to pay zakat is crucial. This research investigates the determinants of socio-economic factors on individual zakat behavior, using data from the 2014 Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) focusing on individuals aged 15 and above. Probit regression methodology is employed to examine individual decisions on zakat payments, utilizing STATA 17 for analysis. The findings indicate that individuals with higher socio-economic status are more likely to pay zakat, as evidenced by variables such as gender, household size, age, home ownership, loans, years of schooling, income, religiosity, and occupation significantly influencing contributions. However, variables like place of residence and marital status do not significantly impact payment decisions. Research implications highlight the need for targeted interventions and educational programs to enhance zakat awareness and compliance, especially among individuals with lower socio-economic status.

This research aims to examine the financial performance differences of the National Zakat Collection Institutions (LAZNAS) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, researchers conducted a comparative analysis of LAZNAS's financial performance before and during the COVID-19 pandemic using a quantitative descriptive research approach. The data used are secondary data from the financial reports of zakat collection institutions published on their websites for four periods: pre-pandemic (2018-2019) and during the pandemic (2020- 2021). Data analysis involved assessing LAZNAS's financial performance based on activity ratios (zakat allocation ratio) and growth ratios (growth of zakat). Subsequently, non- parametric tests, specifically the Wilcoxon sign rank test using STATA 17. The research findings indicate that there is no significant difference in the performance of zakat collection institutions based on activity ratios. However, the performance of zakat collection institutions based on growth ratios shows a significant difference, as evidenced by the results of the growth of zakat calculations. This implies that there is a difference in the collection of zakat funds by LAZNAS during the COVID-19 pandemic. Keywords: Zakat ; Financial Performances ; National Amil Zakat Institution ; Covid-19. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji perbedaan kinerja keuangan Lembaga Amil Zakat Nasional (LAZNAS) sebelum dan selama pandemi COVID-19. Dalam penelitian ini, para peneliti melakukan analisis perbandingan kinerja keuangan LAZNAS sebelum dan selama pandemi COVID-19 menggunakan pendekatan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dari laporan keuangan lembaga pengumpulan zakat yang dipublikasikan di situs web mereka selama empat periode: sebelum pandemi (2018-2019) dan selama pandemi (2020-2021). Analisis data melibatkan penilaian kinerja keuangan LAZNAS berdasarkan rasio aktivitas (rasio alokasi zakat) dan rasio pertumbuhan (pertumbuhan zakat). Selanjutnya, uji non-parametrik, khususnya uji peringkat tanda Wilcoxon menggunakan STATA 17. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan signifikan dalam kinerja lembaga pengumpulan zakat berdasarkan rasio aktivitas. Namun, kinerja lembaga pengumpulan zakat berdasarkan rasio pertumbuhan menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan, sebagaimana dibuktikan oleh hasil perhitungan pertumbuhan zakat. Ini mengimplikasikan bahwa terdapat perbedaan dalam pengumpulan dana zakat oleh LAZNAS selama pandemi COVID-19. Kata kunci: Zakat; Kinerja Keuangan; Lembaga Amil Zakat Nasional; Covid-19.

Zakat is one of the pillars of Islam and holds significant potential in Indonesia. However, the amount of zakat collected remains far below its potential. This disparity arises because many Muslims neglect zakat payment and perceive it as less important. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the socio-economic behaviors and factors influencing individual decisions to pay zakat. This research aims to investigate the determinants of socio-economic factors on individual zakat behavior. The data utilized is sourced from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) conducted in 2014, focusing on individuals aged 15 and above. The study employs probit regression methodology to examine individual decisions regarding zakat payments, utilizing STATA 17 for analysis. The research findings statistically indicate that individuals with higher socio-economic status have a greater likelihood of paying zakat. This is evident from socio-economic variables, including gender, household size, age, home ownership, loans, years of schooling, income, religiosity, and occupation, all significantly influencing individual decisions to contribute to zakat. However, variables such as place of residence and marital status do not significantly affect individuals' decisions to pay zakat. Therefore, socio-economic factors play a crucial role in formulating strategies to enhance zakat fund collection. Zakat institutions can refer to socio-economic research to determine their strategies for maximizing the significant zakat potential in Indonesia. For instance, by targeting income levels, zakat institutions can develop awareness programs for individuals with higher incomes, accelerating zakat fund collection in alignment with its substantial potential. Zakat adalah salah satu pilar Islam dan memiliki potensi besar di Indonesia. Namun, jumlah zakat yang terkumpul masih jauh di bawah potensinya. Ketidaksetaraan ini muncul karena banyak Muslim yang mengabaikan pembayaran zakat dan menganggapnya kurang penting. Oleh karena itu, sangat penting untuk memahami perilaku sosial-ekonomi dan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi keputusan individu untuk membayar zakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki faktor-faktor sosial-ekonomi yang memengaruhi perilaku zakat individu. Data yang digunakan berasal dari Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) yang dilakukan pada tahun 2014, dengan fokus pada individu yang berusia 15 tahun ke atas. Studi ini menggunakan metodologi regresi probit untuk menguji keputusan individu tentang pembayaran zakat, dengan menggunakan STATA 17 untuk analisis. Temuan penelitian secara statistik menunjukkan bahwa individu dengan status sosial-ekonomi yang lebih tinggi memiliki kemungkinan yang lebih besar untuk membayar zakat. Hal ini terlihat dari variabel sosial-ekonomi, termasuk jenis kelamin, ukuran rumah tangga, usia, kepemilikan rumah, pinjaman, tahun-tahun sekolah, pendapatan, religiusitas, dan pekerjaan, yang semuanya secara signifikan memengaruhi keputusan individu untuk berkontribusi pada zakat. Namun, variabel seperti tempat tinggal dan status pernikahan tidak secara signifikan memengaruhi keputusan individu untuk membayar zakat. Oleh karena itu, faktor-faktor sosial-ekonomi memainkan peran penting dalam merumuskan strategi untuk meningkatkan pengumpulan dana zakat. Institusi zakat dapat merujuk pada penelitian sosial-ekonomi untuk menentukan strategi mereka dalam memaksimalkan potensi zakat yang signifikan di Indonesia. Sebagai contoh, dengan melihat tingkat pendapatan, institusi zakat dapat mengembangkan program-program kesadaran untuk individu dengan pendapatan lebih tinggi, mempercepat pengumpulan dana zakat sesuai dengan potensi yang substansial.