Halyna Zelenchuk’s research while affiliated with Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University and other places

Dermatoglyphics is currently a subject of research by specialists in various fields of knowledge. The reason for this is that the study of the comb pattern of the hands and feet is widely used in various medical and non-medical fields, because the dermatoglyphic constitution is a genetically determined trait that remains unchanged throughout life, which closely correlates with other human characteristics, predisposition to certain types of diseases, etc. Also, papillary pattern prints can give us the opportunity to predict deviant processes of personality development. Aim of the work. To identify factor phenotypic features in individuals prone to crimes against human life and health. Materials and methods. In the course of this study, anthroposcopic parameters obtained from 50 persons, male and female, aged 18 to 59 years, who were convicted of crimes against human life and health (CGLH) were analysed: intentional murder (Article 115 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), negligent homicide (Article 119 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), intentional murder of a mother of her newborn child (Article 117), intentional grievous bodily harm (Article 121 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), intentional bodily harm of moderate gravity (Article 122 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), intentional light bodily harm (Article 125 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine). of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), intentional bodily harm of moderate severity (Article 122 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), intentional light bodily harm (Article 125 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), torture (Article 127 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), leaving in danger (Article 135 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine) and 50 persons of the control group (CG). Anthroposcopic (descriptive) parameters were obtained by means of a verbal description that does not contradict generally accepted standards (Ginzburg V.V., 2000; Kozan N.M., 2018). Statistical calculations were performed using the software package STATISTICA 12 for Windows (licence number ZZS9990000099100363DEMO-L). Results. It has been established that for the group of premeditated murderers, the following factors are factor: skin colour (p=0,000), hair colour (p=0,017), hair type (p=0,000), facial features (p=0,023), forehead slope (p=0,004) and the shape of the lower jaw (p=0,000) showed statistically significant differences, and for a number of indicators such as forehead height (p=0,072), forehead width (p=0,060) and cheekbone shape (p=0,056), differences were observed at the level of statistical trend. Conclusion. The presence of factor phenotypic signs indicating a predisposition to criminal acts of varying severity will allow the use of a computer neural network program to predict the propensity to commit offences.

it is known that micro-mobility has a positive impact by reducing congestion and emissions. However, with the increase in traf- fic of these vehicles, the number of related collisions and accidents has increased, and the number of injured and killed people, including children, has risen accordingly. The purpose of the review study was to conduct a comprehensive study of several issues related to the safety of using electric micro-mobility devices for both adults and children through a systematic literature review; to determine the forensic aspects of injuries to operators of electric micro-mobility devices and pedestrians, and to in- vestigate the mechanism of injury. a systematic, thematic bibliographic review was used to conduct this review study. The Scopus database was chosen as the main portal for searching for publications (www.scopus.com). At the same time, a limited search in the Google Scholar database was used for original queries. The article highlights the aspects related to the safety of using electric micro-mobility devices for children and adults, the peculiarities of injuries, the statistical correlation between the frequency of injuries and the use of basic protective equipment, and the characteristic types of injuries for specific micro-mobility devices. Despite all the work done, its results are mostly statistical and do not provide a holistic view of the mechanism of injury and forensic assessment of the consequences of injury. There is also an open issue related to the study of the peculiarities of injuries to operators and pedestrians, and the establishment of differential trauma criteria specific to operators and pedestrians.

The article presents data on the peculiarities of the dermatoglyphic constitution of the distal, middle and proximal phalanges of the fingers in men prone to drug crimes. The object of the study was the peculiarities of the dermatoglyphic parameters of the distal, middle and proximal phalanges of the fingers obtained from 60 men aged 18 to 59 who were convicted of drug crimes and 60 persons of the control group. During the study, it was found that radial loops (52.31%) and curls (29.23%) are most common on the fingers of the left hand, complex patterns (8.08%), arcs (6.92%) and ulnar loops are less common (3.46%), curls (44.23%) and radial loops (39.62%) and arcs (5.77%), ulnar loops (5.38%) and complex patterns are most common on the fingers of the right hand (5.00%), at the level of a statistical trend (p<0.10), the pattern on the right and left hands differs according to the indicator of the total frequency of radial loops on the fingers of both hands - 52.31% versus 39.62% (φ = 1, 30; p < 0.10) and curls W – 29.23% versus 44.23% (φ = 1.59; p < 0.10). A comparative analysis of the total ridge counts for the fingers of the left and right hands of drug criminals and men of the control group showed that the variances of this variable in the groups are equal, and since the p-level of the Student's test for the values of these indicators is significantly less than 0.05, the average values of the total ridge counts numbers on the fingers of the right hand of drug offenders and men of CG differ at a high level of statistical significance.

The article presents the data obtained during the study of the finger dermatoglyphs of persons who have committed sexual crimes, since there are currently no scientific works that would reflect the relationship between the manifestations of the phenotype (in particular, dermatoglyphic signs) in persons prone to crimes of the specified type. The aim of the study is to determine the complex of dermatoglyphic parameters of the fingers that make up the dermatoglyphic constitution of persons who have a propensity for sexual crimes (rape). Material and methods. Two groups of persons were studied: 1st group – corpses of persons who committed sexual crimes (50 persons); 2nd group - persons of the control group (50 persons). Research methods: dermatoglyphic, statistical analysis. Results. It was established that the frequency of radial loops on the left hand was 59.60% in rapists against 22.67% in CG, on the right - 56.80% against 19.56%, respectively; of ulnar loops - 3.20% versus 37.78% on and 3.60% versus 40.00% on the left, the frequency of arcs - 14.40% versus 4.44% on the left and 12.00% versus 5.33% on the left Rapists had radial loops on the first fingers of the left and right hands most often - 44.00% and 42.00%, respectively, curls (26.00% and 38.00%) and complex patterns (22.00% and 18.00%) ), ulnar loops – in 2.00% on both hands, arcs – in 6.00% on the left hand and did not occur on the right; on the II fingers of the arc - 34.00% on the left and 32.00% on the right hands, radial loops (30.00% 24.00%) and curls (20.00% 26.00%), ulnar loops (8, 00% and 10.00%), complex patterns (8.00% each); on the III finger - radial loops (68.00% and 70.00%) and arcs (18.00% on both hands), spiral patterns (10.00% and 4.00%), ulnar loops and complex patterns on 2.00%; radial loops (72.00% and 70.00%) and spiral patterns (16.00% and 24.00%) were most often found on the IV fingers of both hands, other patterns - 2.00% each; on V finger radial loops 84.00% and 78.00%, other patterns - from 2.00% to 8.00%. In CG, ulnar loops were most often found on I, III and V fingers of both hands (35.56%, 40.00% and 53.55%), and on II, IV – spiral patterns (33.33% and 47.78% ) and ulnar loops (30.00% and 35.55%); there were no arcs on IV and V fingers. A statistically significantly higher number of radial loops in rapists than in CG men was established on the fingers of both hands except for II, arcs except for III, a smaller number of ulnar loops on all fingers of both hands and curls on IV and V fingers (p < 0, 01). Conclusions. In the course of the study, the presence of phenotypic (dermatoglyphic) signs characteristic of persons prone to sexual crimes was established: The structure of digital dermatoglyphics is dominated by radial loops, rarely complex patterns and ulnar loops. The peculiarities of homolateral symmetry were revealed: mostly there are 2-3 types of patterns in various combinations; radial loops prevail on the I fingers of both hands, arcs and complex patterns are rare; on II fingers - arcs, radial loops and curls prevail, rarely - ulnar loops and complex patterns; complex patterns and radial loops predominate on III-V fingers. Features of bilateral symmetry are not revealed. The values of the comb count I of the fingers of both hands in persons who have committed sexual crimes are statistically significantly (p<0.001) different from the values of this in the control group. The values of the delta score of the fingers of the left and right hands of rapists and men of the control group do not differ.

The article is devoted to the study of the phenotypic characteristics of persons prone to crimes against human life (murder), since there are currently no scientific works that would reflect the relationship of phenotypic manifestations in persons prone to illegal actions of varying degrees of severity, in particular, dermatoglyphic signs of all phalanges fingers and palms. In the course of the study, statistically significant differences were established between the dermatoglyphics of the persons who committed the murder and the dermatoglyphics of the persons of the control group. The aim To determine the complex of dermatoglyphic parameters of fingers that make up the dermatoglyphic constitution of persons who committed murder. Materials and methods of the study. 2 groups of people were studied: 1 group – corpses of people who committed murder (50 people); Group 2 - individuals of the control group (50 people), Research methods: dermatoglyphic, statistical analysis. Results of the study. The dermatoglyphic characteristics of persons who committed murder have their own characteristics. The analysis of the dermatoglyphs of the fingers of the hands of persons who committed murder, in comparison with the control group, showed that on the fingers of the left hand radial loops (59.20%) and curls (26.80%) are most often found, arcs are less common (6.00%) ), complex patterns (4.40%) and ulnar loops (3.60%), a similar pattern is observed on the fingers of the right hand - radial loops (54.40%), curls (31.20%), arcs (5, 40%), complex patterns (5.00%) and ulnar loops (4.00%).With regard to the distribution of patterns on different fingers of the same person, it can be noted that the murderers had radial loops on the first fingers of the left and right hands most often - 64.00% and 44.00%, respectively, less often curls (24.00% and 42.00 %, respectively) and complex patterns (12.00% and 14.00%, respectively), ulnar loops and arcs did not occur at all on this finger on both hands; curls were most often found on the II fingers - 32.00% on the left and 34.00% on the right hands, as well as radial loops (30.00% and 22.00%, respectively), less often - ulnar loops (18.00% and 20.00% 00% respectively), arcs (16.00% each); radial loops (66.00% and 60.00% on left and right hands, respectively) and spiral patterns (18.00% and 28.00%, respectively) were most often found on III fingers, ulnar loops were not found on any hand; on the 4th finger of the left hand, radial loops (56.00%) and curl patterns (44.00%) were most often found, while on the right hand, on the contrary, curl patterns (50.00%) and radial loops (46.00%), the arc pattern was not met on this finger; on the V finger, the frequency of such patterns as radial loops (80.00% and 76.00%, respectively) and curls (16.00% and 24.00%) was almost the same on both hands, and ulnar loops did not occur at all.It should be noted that in the group of murderers there was no statistically significant difference in the distribution of the total frequency of patterns on the right and left hands (χ2 = 6.11, p > 0.1), as well as in CG men It should also be noted that there is a statistically significantly greater number of radial loops in killers than in CG men, on the fingers of both hands, with the exception of II (φІ = 3.78; φІІІ = 4.23; φІV = 4.63; φV = 5.30; p < 0.01), complex patterns on the I, II and IV fingers of the left hand (φI = 1.86; φII = 1.69, p < 0.05; φIV = 2.57, p < 0.01), curls on the first finger of the right hand (φІ = 2.37, p < 0.01), as well as a smaller number of ulnar loops on all fingers of both hands except II (φІ = 6.05; φІІІ = 6.73; φІV = 4 .42; φV = 7.39; p < 0.001). Conclusions. In the course of the study, the presence of phenotypic (dermatoglyphic) signs characteristic of persons prone to crimes against human life was established. Keywords: forensic medicine, dermatoglyphics, murder.

The article presents materials and research methods that are used both to identify an unknown person and to predict a person's susceptibility to illegal actions of varying severity. In particular, this article describes anthroposcopic, anthropometric, dermatoglyphic methods, statistical data processing and neural network forecasting, which are widely used in modern forensics and forensic science. The relevance and objectives of the above research methods are formulated in order to predict a person's propensity to illegal actions of varying severity.

The objective of the research was the analysis of the structure of the commission of forensic medical examinations concerning professional offenses of medical professionals of the surgical profile according to the data of the Ivano-Frankivsk Regional Bureau of Forensic Medical Expertise for the period 2015-2019. Materials and methods. The material of the study were the annual reports of the Ivano-Frankivsk Regional Bureau of Forensic Medical Expertise (Commission Department) and criminal case materials. Obtained data were processed using Microsoft Exel, Statistica 6.0. Results. It was found that forensic medical examinations in case of improper performance of professional duties by medical workers accounted for a relatively small part 71 (14.3%) of the total forensic medical expertise. After the performed analysis, it was found that the doctors made diagnostic, therapeutic, organizational-tactical, deontological and combined errors that had a direct (29%) or indirect (26%) connection with the onset of death or adverse effects on the patient’s health. In 45% of cases, there was no correlation between the doctor’s actions and the occurrence of adverse effects for the patient. Conclusions. The number of cases for improper performance of professional duties by medical workers is significantly higher in surgeons and obstetricians-gynecologists than in doctors of therapeutic profile. Every year, the complexity of commission forensic medical examinations in case of improper performance of professional duties by medical workers increases. This is due to the increasing complexity of surgical interventions and instrumental examination methods, as well as the increasing legal literacy of the population.