Hae-Yun Kwon’s research while affiliated with Korea Forest Research Institute and other places

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Publications (29)


Effect of SBL70E on the production of inflammatory mediators in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. (A) NO levels in response to ethanol concentration-based extraction of SBL. (B) NO levels in response to SBL70E treatment. (C) mRNA level in response to SBL70E treatment. (D) Cell viability in response to SBL70E treatment. *P < 0.05 vs. CON group, #P < 0.05 vs. DM group. SBL10E, 10% ethanol extracts of SBL; SBL30E, 30% ethanol extracts of SBL; SBL50E, 50% ethanol extracts of SBL; SBL70E, 70% ethanol extracts of SBL; SBL, Staphylea bumalda leaves; LPS, lipopolysaccharides; CON, control group without SBL70E and LPS treatment; DM, DMSO group without SBL70E treatment.
Effect of SBL70E on MAPK and NF-κB signalling pathway in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. (A) Western blot analysis of the changes in p-ERK1/2, ERK1/2, p-p38, p38, p-JNK, JNK, p-p65 and p65 according to SBL70E treatment. (B) NF-κB luciferase activity in response to SBL70E treatment. *P < 0.05 vs. CON group, #P < 0.05 vs. DM group. SBL70E, 70% ethanol extracts of SBL; SBL, Staphylea bumalda leaves; LPS, lipopolysaccharides; CON, control group without SBL70E and LPS treatment; DM, DMSO group without SBL70E treatment.
Effect of SBL70E on HO-1 expression in RAW264.7 cells. (A) Western blot analysis of HO-1 in response to time-dependent treatment with SBL70E. (B) Western blot analysis of HO-1 in response to dose-dependent treatment with SBL70#. (C) NO level in response to SBL70E treatment in absence or presence of ZnPP. *P < 0.05 vs. CON group, #P < 0.05 vs. DM group. SBL70E, 70% ethanol extracts of SBL; SBL, Staphylea bumalda leaves; LPS, lipopolysaccharides; CON, control group without SBL70E and LPS treatment; DM, DMSO group without SBL70E treatment.
Effect of MAPK, NF-κB and PI3K on SBL70E-mediated HO-1 expression in RAW264.7 cells. (A) Western blot analysis of HO-1 in response to SBL70E treatment in absence or presence of PD98059 (PD, 20 μM), SB203580 (SB, 20 μM), SP600125 (SP, 20 μM), BAY 11-7082 (BAY, 20 μM) or LY294002 (LY, 20 μM). (B) Western blot analysis of HO-1 in response to time-dependent treatment with SBL70E. *P < 0.05 vs. CON group. SBL70E, 70% ethanol extracts of SBL; SBL, Staphylea bumalda leaves; CON, control group without SBL70E.
Effect of SBL70E on nuclear Nrf2 level in RAW264.7 cells. (A) Western blot analysis of nuclear Nrf2 in response to time-dependent treatment of SBL70E. (B) Western blot of nuclear Nrf2 in response to SBL70E treatment in absence or presence of SB203580 (SB, 20 μM), SP600125 (SP, 20 μM) or LY294002 (LY, 20 μM). *P < 0.05 vs. CON group. SBL70E, 70% ethanol extracts of SBL; SBL, Staphylea bumalda leaves; CON, control group without SBL70E.
Anti-inflammatory activity of Staphylea bumalda leaves through inhibiting ERK1/2 and NF-κB signalling, and activating Nrf2/HO-1 signalling in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells
  • Article
  • Full-text available

September 2024

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13 Reads

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1 Citation

Hyeok Jin Choi

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Gwang Hun Park

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Jeong Won Choi

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Staphylea bumalda leaves (SBL) are known to possess anti-inflammatory properties. However, there is a lack of clear study on the mechanisms underlying its anti-inflammatory activity. Therefore, this study aims to elucidate the mechanisms related to the anti-inflammatory effects of SBL. SBL70E effectively inhibited the production of NO, iNOS, COX-2, IL-1β, and IL-6 induced by LPS in RAW264.7 cells. SBL70E inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p65 in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. In addition, SBL70E suppressed LPS-mediated activation of NF-κB luciferase activity. SBL70E increased the levels of HO-1 and nuclear Nrf2. However, inhibition of p38, JNK and PI3K blocked SBL70E-mediated increase in HO-1 and nuclear Nrf2. These findings suggest that SBL70E suppresses the production of inflammatory mediators caused by LPS in RAW264.7 cells through the inhibition of ERK1/2 and NF-κB signalling and activation Nrf2/HO-1 signalling via the activation of p38, JNK, and PI3K. These findings imply that SBL70E exhibits anti-inflammatory activity.

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Effects of CO2 Concentration and Temperature on Growth Characteristics, Physiological Activities, and Antioxidant Activities of Angelica gigas Nakai

September 2024

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3 Reads

Journal of Plant Biology

Angelica gigas Nakai is an important medicinal plant. Several environmental factors such as altitude, physiognomy, and atmospheric temperature can affect the cultivation of A. gigas. Therefore, climate change is likely to influence the growth of A. gigas and the synthesis of its active ingredients. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different carbon dioxide concentrations and temperatures according to Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP) scenarios (SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, SSP5-8.5) on the growth, physiological activities, and antioxidant activities of A. gigas. The photosynthesis rate of A. gigas under SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5 conditions showed a steady reduction. Chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll, and carotenoid content decreased with the prolongation of the growing season under climate change conditions. Chlorophyll a fluorescence showed significantly higher RC/CSo, RC/ABS, PIabs, SFIabs in higher CO2 concentration and temperature conditions. Only the total dry weight of A. gigas for each climate change scenario was significantly different, while the other growth characteristics were not significantly different because of high inter-individual variation. The antioxidant activities of A. gigas (DPPH, ABTS, and NO scavenging activities) under each of the different conditions showed no significant differences. The reducing power was significantly increased in SSP5-8.5 compared to SSP1-2.6. The differences in phenolic contents of both aerial parts and root parts were not statistically significant, while the flavonoid content of aerial parts increased depending on the temperature and CO2 concentration. These results indicated that climate change can affect the growth, physiological activities, and antioxidant activities of A. gigas Nakai. Our findings underline the need to develop strategies to overcome the adverse aspects of climate change.


Triple-color FISH chromosome constitution and genome size analyses confirmed the ploidy of newly developed ten Hibiscus sp. cultivars with different breeding history

September 2024

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45 Reads

Horticulture, Environment and Biotechnology

Hibiscus syriacus L. (Rose of Sharon), is the national flower of Korea. H. syriacus has both ornamental and medicinal value, and many cultivars have been exploited for its development. Cytogenomic information is crucial for elucidating chromosomal composition, ploidy, and specific sequence distribution. In this study, chromosome constitution, genome size, and ploidy were analyzed in ten Hibiscus sp. cultivars with different breeding histories using triple-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and flow cytometry. Prelabeled oligonucleotide probes (PLOPs) of three universal tandem repeats (5S rDNA, 45S rDNA, and telomeric DNA) were used for FISH. The chromosome length ranged from 1.20 to 4.84 μm, and the chromosome number varied from 2n = 84 to 2n = 172 with the basic chromosome number x = 21. Based on chromosome number, FISH signals, and genome size, three cultivars were identified as euploids of tetraploid and hexaploid euploids, and the remaining seven cultivars as aneuploids of tetraploid, hexaploid, and octoploid euploids. The number of 5S rDNA signals was two, three, and four for tetraploid, hexaploid, and octoploid, respectively. Whereas 45S rDNA signals varied from two to five pairs among the cultivars. Genome size (2C) ranged from 4.35 to 4.80 pg in tetraploids, 6.35 to 6.78 pg in hexaploids, and 8.20 to 8.94 pg in octoploids, which corresponded to the ploidy identification using FISH chromosome composition. FISH using PLOPs demonstrated that the nuclear DNA content increased proportionally with the ploidy level, indicating that the chromosome composition and genome size were consistent. The findings will be useful for future genomic research on Hibiscus species breeding and development strategies.


Fig. 1 Photographs of the seasonal 4-year-old wild-simulated ginseng harvested at different times
Fig. 3 Seasonal total ginsenoside contents of 4-year-old wild-simulated ginseng. Results are mean ± standard error. Different letters above the bars indicate significant differences between the groups based on the Duncan's multiple range test (DMRT)
Ginsenoside contents of 4-year-old WSG aerial part (μg/g)
Changes in growth characteristics and ginsenoside contents of wild-simulated ginseng with different harvest times in South Korea

July 2024

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24 Reads

Applied Biological Chemistry

Wild-simulated ginseng (WSG, Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) is grown in mountainous forests, without the chemical treatment or installation of artificial facilities. This study aimed to investigate monthly changes in growth characteristics and ginsenoside contents in WSG to suggest the optimal harvest time. Four-year-old WSG were collected in the same area every month, and their growth characteristics and ginsenoside contents were measured. The growth characteristics of aerial and root parts were measured from May to July and from March to December, respectively. For the aerial part, most growth characteristics of WSG decreased over time, except for stem length. For the root part, rhizome length increased over time except for September, while the root diameter and weight of root part were mostly consistent. The root length increased by September, while the number of rootlets was the highest at May. At July, the total ginsenoside content of WSG was significantly the highest, while the total ginsenoside content at October was the lowest. This result was believed to be due to the F2, Rd, and Rg1 contents of the aerial part, rather than the root part. Also, based on these growths and the ginsenoside contents of WSG, the optimal harvest time for WSG is considered to be late spring–summer (May–July) when the aerial part can be identified.


Figure 1. Comparison of NO production induction activity based on extraction conditions of SRPL. (A) AE-SRPL, 30EE-SRPL, 50EE-SRPL or 70EE-SRPL was administered to RAW264.7 cells for 24 h. The level of NO was measured using Griess assay. (B) AE20-SRPL, AE40-SRPL, AE60-SRPL, or AE80-SRPL was administered to RAW264.7 cells for 24 h. The level of NO was measured using Griess assay. * P<0.05 vs. CON. NO, nitric oxide; AE-SRPL, aqueous extracts from SRPL; 30EE-SRPL, 30% ethanol extracts from SRPL; 50EE-SRPL, 50% ethanol extracts from SRPL; 70EE-SRPL, 70% ethanol extracts from SRPL; AE20-SRPL, aqueous extracts from SRPL at 20˚C; AE40-SRPL, aqueous extracts from SRPL at 40˚C; AE60-SRPL, aqueous extracts from SRPL at 60˚C; AE80-SRPL, aqueous extracts from SRPL at 80˚C; CON, control.
Immunostimulatory activity of the aqueous extract from the leaves of Sambucus racemosa subsp. pendula through TLR4‑dependent JNK activation in RAW264.7 cells

July 2024

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11 Reads

Biomedical Reports

Sambucus racemosa subsp. pendula (SRP) is an endemic plant of Korea, exclusively found on Ulleungdo Island. SRP is widely used as both a traditional medicine and food source. However, there is a lack of research on the pharmacological activities of SRP. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the potential use of SRP leaves (SRPL) as a natural immunostimulant by analyzing its macrophage activation properties and the underlying mechanisms of action. Among the various extraction conditions, SRPL (AE20-SRPL) extracted with 100% distilled water at 20˚C induced the highest nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW264.7 cells. Thus, the further studies were performed using AE20-SRPL. AE20-SRPL increased the production of immunostimulatory factors such as NO, prostaglandin E2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, IL-1β and TNF-α and phagocytosis in a dose-dependent manner in RAW264.7 cells without exhibiting cytotoxicity. Among Toll-like receptor (TLR)2 and TLR4, inhibition of TLR4 significantly reduced AE20-SRPL-mediated increases in the production of immunostimulatory factors and phagocytosis in RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, in RAW264.7 cells, inhibition of JNK, one of the components of MAPK signaling along with ERK1/2 and p38, attenuated the AE20-SRPL-mediated increases in the production of immunostimulatory factors and phagocytosis. Additionally, AE20-SRPL induced the phosphorylation of JNK and inhibition of TLR4 reduced AE20-SRPL-mediated JNK phosphorylation. These results suggested that AE20-SRPL may enhance the production of immunostimulatory factors and phagocytosis through TLR4-dependent activation of JNK in macrophages. Although the present study is limited to in vitro research using a cell model, AE20-SRPL demonstrated potential as a natural material capable of inducing macrophage activation for immune enhancement.


Anti‑obesity and immunostimulatory activity of Chrysosplenium flagelliferum in mouse preadipocytes 3T3‑L1 cells and mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells

June 2024

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26 Reads

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Chrysosplenium flagelliferum (CF) is known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antibacterial activities. However, there is a lack of research on its other pharmacological properties. In the present study, the bifunctional roles of CF in 3T3-L1 and RAW264.7 cells were investigated, focusing on its anti-obesity and immunostimulatory effects. In 3T3-L1 cells, CF effectively mitigated the accumulation of lipid droplets and triacylglycerol. Additionally, CF downregulated the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α protein levels; however, this effect was impeded by the knockdown of β-catenin using β-catenin-specific small interfering RNA. Consequently, CF-mediated inhibition of lipid accumulation was also decreased. CF increased the protein levels of adipose triglyceride lipase and phosphorylated hormone-sensitive lipase, while decreasing those of perilipin-1. Moreover, CF elevated the protein levels of phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase and PPARγ coactivator 1-α. In RAW264.7 cells, CF enhanced the production of pro-inflammatory mediators, such as nitric oxide (NO), inducible NO synthase, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, and increased their phagocytic capacities. Inhibition of Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 significantly reduced the effects of CF on the production of pro-inflammatory mediators and phagocytosis, indicating its crucial role in facilitating these effects. CF-induced increase in the production of pro-inflammatory mediators was controlled by the activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathways, and TLR4 inhibition attenuated the phosphorylation of these kinases. The results of the pesent study suggested that CF inhibits lipid accumulation by suppressing adipogenesis and inducing lipolysis and thermogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells, while stimulating macrophage activation via the activation of JNK and NF-κB signaling pathways mediated by TLR4 in RAW264.7 cells. Therefore, CF simultaneously exerts both anti-obesity and immunostimulatory effects.



Genetic Insights into the Extremely Dwarf Hibiscus syriacus var. micranthus: Complete Chloroplast Genome Analysis and Development of a Novel dCAPS Marker

March 2024

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47 Reads

Current Issues in Molecular Biology

This study explored the chloroplast (cp) genomes of three Hibiscus syriacus (HS) specimens endemic to Korea possessing unique ornamental and conservation values: the dwarf H. syriacus var. micranthus (HSVM), renowned for its small stature and breeding potential; HS ‘Tamra’, a cultivar from Korea’s southernmost islands, noteworthy for its distinctive beauty; and HS Natural Monument no. 521 (N.M.521), a specimen of significant lifespan and height. Given the scarcity of evolutionary studies on these specimens, we assembled and analyzed their cp genomes. We successfully assembled genomes spanning 160,000 to 160,100 bp and identified intraspecific variants. Among these, a unique ATA 3-mer insertion in the trnL-UAA region was identified in HSVM, highlighting its value as a genetic resource. Leveraging this finding, we developed a novel InDel dCAPS marker, which was validated across 43 cultivars, enhancing our ability to distinguish HSVM and its derivatives from other HS cultivars. Phylogenetic analysis involving 23 Malvaceae species revealed that HSVM forms a clade with woody Hibiscus species, closely associating with N.M.520, which may suggest a shared ancestry or parallel evolutionary paths. This investigation advances our understanding of the genetic diversity in Korean HS and offers robust tools for accurate cultivar identification, aiding conservation and breeding efforts.



Antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory potential of the pollen of Hibiscus spp.

February 2024

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91 Reads

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3 Citations

Horticulture, Environment and Biotechnology

Hibiscus species are flowering plants of the Malvaceae family. Hibiscus are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions and play an important role not only in ornamental aspects but also traditional medicine. In this study, seven compounds, mukungarrole (1), a new compound and six known flavonoid derivatives (2–7) were isolated from Hibiscus syriacus pollen. Among the isolated compounds, kaempferol (2) and vincetoxicoside B (3) showed antioxidant activity. Additonally, the new compound, mukungarrole (1), along with kaempferol (2) and isorhamnetin-7-O-rhamnoside (5), showed α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and its interaction with α-glucosidase was confirmed using molecular docking analysis. Further comparison of five varieties of Hibiscus spp. showed that all five species contained vincetoxicoside B (3) and kaempferol-7-O-rhamnoside (4) as major components and exhibited antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. However, there was differences in the content of vincetoxicoside B (3) and kaempferol-7-O-rhamnoside (4) and minor components depending on of Hibiscus variety, which contributed to differences in efficacy. This study proves that H. syriacus pollen and its constituents have antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory potentials and the content and efficacy vary depending on Hibiscus species.


Citations (9)


... Oxidative stress can elevate ROS levels and activate TLR4/NF-κB pathway, causing the release of NF-κB from IκBα and subsequently leading to its nuclear translocation [24,33]. As NF-κB signaling was activated, phosphorylation of p65 promoted nuclear translocation of p65 subunits, enhancing the transcriptional activity of inflammatory mediators [34]. NF-κB p65 signaling pathway was involved in the occurrence and progress of aging and its associated diseases, as well as playing an important role in it [35]. ...

Reference:

Identification of Peptides from Edible Pleurotus eryngii Mushroom Feet and the Effect of Delaying D-Galactose-Induced Senescence of PC12 Cells Through TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK Signaling Pathways
Anti-inflammatory activity of Staphylea bumalda leaves through inhibiting ERK1/2 and NF-κB signalling, and activating Nrf2/HO-1 signalling in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells

... For example, Chrysanthemum flowers and pollen from Hibiscus spp. and Stevia rebaudiana have been proven to have antioxidant effects [49,50]. In our study, ROS assays revealed a significant decrease in ROS generation in a concentration-dependent manner for all samples, except for the extract of CH-200Y-leaves, suggesting that the components within these samples possess antioxidant properties capable of neutralizing ROS and potentially attenuating the effects of photoaging (Fig. 5). ...

Antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory potential of the pollen of Hibiscus spp.
  • Citing Article
  • February 2024

Horticulture, Environment and Biotechnology

... The lignan components in Schisandra fruits were ranked as follows: Schisandrol A > Schisandrin B > Schisandrin A > Schisandrin C > Schisandrol B > Schisandrol C. This ranking aligns with the findings of Liang Shuang [49][50][51], confirming that Schisandrol A is the predominant lignan component. ...

Multivariate Analysis among Marker Compounds, Environmental Factors, and Fruit Quality of Schisandra chinensis at Different Locations in South Korea

Plants

... It is widely acknowledged that the chloroplast is a crucial participant in the production of energy and biomass in green plants, playing an active role in the process of photosynthesis [1,2]. The chloroplast genome of plants is a typical quadripartite structure, including a large single-copy (LSC) region and two inverted repeat regions (IRs) separated by a small single-copy (SSC) region, all of which exhibit significant levels of conservation [3]. Most chloroplast genomes usually range in size from 120 to 160 kb, encompassing approximately 110-130 uniquely encoded genes [4]. ...

Comprehensive Analysis of Chloroplast Genome of Hibiscus sinosyriacus: Evolutionary Studies in Related Species and Genera

Forests

... Research of herbaceous perennial species has demonstrated a species-specific response to decreased irrigation, resulting in increased blooming in some species while decreasing flowering in others (Bayer 2022). Jin et al. (2023) observed an increase in the number of flowers as both irrigation and fertilizer amounts increased for Rose of Shanon (Hibiscus syriacus L.). Dunn et al. (2015) found significant differences in 'Maverick Red' geranium flower numbers of plants that received 10 g compared with those of plants that received 0 or 4 g CRF. ...

Effects of Drip Irrigation-Fertilization on Growth, Flowering, Photosynthesis and Nutrient Absorption of Containerized Seedlings of Hibiscus syriacus L. (Haeoreum)

Plants

... The results indicate that the complete cp genome of A. centraliasiaticus is 152,205 bp in length. Similar to previous studies (Kwon et al. 2022;Liu et al. 2018), it is also a standard quadripartite structure, comprises a pair of inverted repeat (IR) regions of 25,031 bp each, a large single-copy (LSC) region of 83,956 bp and a small single-copy (SSC) region of 18,187 bp. A total of 130 genes were successfully annotated containing 85 protein-coding genes, 37 transfer RNA genes, and 8 ribosomal RNA genes. ...

Complete chloroplast genome sequence of Hibiscus trionum Linnaeus 1753 (Malvaceae)

... It is plastidencoded plastid RNA polymerase (PEP) that is exclusively encoded by and functions within the chloroplast. The enzyme subunits are encoded by the rpo gene family that is found in the chloroplast genome (Park et al. 2023). The second type is the phage-type single-subunit that is similar to the bacteriophage RNA polymerases. ...

High-throughput discovery of plastid genes causing albino phenotypes in ornamental chimeric plants

Horticulture Research

... . Reference chloroplast genomes for mapping. have predominantly focused on the taxonomic level of genus, leaving in-depth intra-species studies relatively unexplored 10,[23][24][25] . Given the breeding challenges of H. syriacus outlined earlier, comparative studies at the intra-species level are not only crucial but indispensable. ...

The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Hibiscus sabdariffa (Malvaceae)

Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy

... Succinate was converted to fumaric acid by succinate dehydrogenase (SDH). Fumaric acid, as an antioxidant, had the function of trapping and neutralizing free radicals and reducing the damage to organisms [62]. The increase of SDH activity during seed germination promoted the efficiency of carbohydrate assimilation and metabolism, and enhanced the drought tolerance in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) [63]. ...

Nutritional composition and phytochemical screening in different parts of Hibiscus syriacus L