Giuseppe Stancanelli's research while affiliated with EFSA European Food Safety Authority and other places

... Being widespread in Asia: Korea, China, Mongolia, Kazakhstan [3,4,5], it penetrated the territory of Siberia (Russia), from where it began to actively settle to the west of the country in the second half of the 20th century, having free access to host plants [6]. Within 25 years, from 1932 to 1957, D. sibiricus damaged 7 million hectares of forests and destroyed 50% of trees in Western Siberia and the Chita region [3,7]. ...

... Since it is not possible to cure infected trees, management of oak wilt is focused on preventing additional spread and involves the establishment of root graft barriers and trench inserts, removal of potential spore-producing trees, preventive fungicide injections, a ban on firewood transportation between different areas and restricted oak tree wounding activities to certain periods of the year (O'Brien et al., 2000;Wilson, 2001;Koch et al., 2010). The European Union is also tightening its restrictions when trading oak logs with bark from the USA (EFSA et al., 2020). For these efforts to be successful, rapid confirmation of infection is critical. ...

... Anticipating the change in distribution area is a way to guide surveillance and improve introduction prevention. This type of information could be shared between phytosanitary authorities for an improved international coordination of early-warning systems (Carvajal-Yepes et al., 2019;Giovani et al., 2020;Reaser et al., 2020). With changing climate suitability, new areas at risk could be identified and phytosanitary services could optimize the surveillance networks accordingly. ...

... Such maps can be overlain with estimates of pathways and propagule pressure [4], crop production areas [18], or a mix of these [19], to better estimate risk. Full PRAs for fruit flies become highly sophisticated and include, additional to the likelihood of entry and establishment, predictions of spread rate, crop yield loss and economic impact [20,21]. Unfortunately, even the most exhaustive of such analyses ignore a major issue which may significantly modify the biological likelihood and impact of a fruit fly invasion: that different fruit fly species compete. ...

... By late 2020, EAB was reported in five provinces of Canada, 35 states of the USA [10], 16 provinces of Central European Russia and one province of Ukraine [11], having killed millions of ash trees [1,3,9,[11][12][13][14]. This pest is regarded as a serious threat to the ash trees all over Europe [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. In 2018, the probability of its spread to Belarus, Ukraine, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania by 2022 was estimated as 15-40% [23]. ...

... Based on the severity of the economic, social and environmental impacts that P. japonica can cause in the European Union territory (4,5), the European Commission classified P. japonica as a priority quarantine pest listed in Annex IIB of Regulation 2019/2072, subject to compulsory control and to a national sanitary emergency response plan, in accordance with European Regulation (EU) 2016/2031. Specific requirements are defined for imports of certain plants for planting because of their likelihood of harbouring P. japonica, depending on their origin ((EU) 2021/2285). ...

... Alonso-Chavez et al. [33] also applied this technique to explore the use of within-nursery surveillance for reducing the risk of growers selling infected plant material. For many plant pathogens, a major obstacle to achieving early detection is a long incubation period (the time between initial infection and symptom onset; this has also been referred to as the cryptic, asymptomatic or presymptomatic period) [18,[33][34][35][36][37][38]. If transmission by infected hosts can occur prior to symptom onset, monitoring programmes that rely upon visual inspection of potential hosts for signs of infection (as are standard across plant health [39,40]) may fail to identify the presence of a pathogen before widespread transmission has occurred. ...

... Currently there is no proven cure for X. fastidiosa-infected plants under field conditions (Bragard et al., 2019). However, it has been found that in known susceptible taxa, such as grapevines and olives where the pathogen causes distinctive outbreaks, there can be significant variations in symptom expression and transmissibility between genetically and phenotypically different hosts . ...

... The EFSA Panel on Plant Health (hereafter referred to as 'the Panel') was requested to conduct a commodity risk assessment of Prunus persica and P. dulcis plants for planting from T € urkiye following the Guidance on commodity risk assessment for the evaluation of high-risk plant dossiers (EFSA PLH Panel, 2019a). ...

... Xf is phylogenetically subdivided into three major monophyletic clades that correspond to the three formally recognised subspecies: fastidiosa, multiplex and pauca, native from Central, North, and South America, respectively 18,19 . Although as a taxonomic unit Xf infects more than 560 plant species 20 , it also shows genetic variation among subspecies and sequence types (STs) in both host specificity and host range 21 . Since 2013, diverse STs of the three subspecies have been detected in Europe mainly associated with crop and ornamental plants [22][23][24] ; among these, the clonal lineage of the subsp. ...