Gi Tae Yeo’s research while affiliated with Incheon National University and other places

The development of the Vietnam dry port system is facing many difficulties, especially in matters of calling for investment as well as synchronisation in developing transport infrastructure, such as between rail systems and dry port networks. The purpose of this study is to apply multiple-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) to investigate the determinants in prior implementations of dry port construction, as well as find the order of priority for dry port construction in Northern Vietnam. The results indicate that the possibility of transportation cost reduction is the most important factor, followed by the accessibility to highway road infrastructure and to seaports. Phu Dong dry port is indicated as the first port that should be invested in, thanks to its superiority in terms of geography, its ability to connect with the means of transportation as well as other factors, followed by the dry ports of Huong Canh, Lang Son, and Cao Bang.

Abstract: The development of the Vietnam dry port system is facing many difficulties, especially in matters of calling for investment as well as synchronisation in developing transport infrastructure, such as between rail systems and dry port networks. The purpose of this study is to apply multiple-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) to investigate the determinants in prior implementations of dry port construction, as well as find the order of priority for dry port construction in Northern Vietnam. The results indicate that the possibility of transportation cost reduction is the most important factor, followed by the accessibility to highway road infrastructure and to seaports. Phu Dong dry port is indicated as the first port that should be invested in, thanks to its superiority in terms of geography, its ability to connect with the means of transportation as well as other factors, followed by the dry ports of Huong Canh, Lang Son, and Cao Bang. Keywords: dry port; multiple-criteria decision analysis; MCDM; fuzzy, TOPSIS; fuzzy Delphi; optimal order; Vietnam.

The demands of air services in China have increased significantly in the past few decades due to rapid economic growth. Unsurprisingly, huge pressure has been placed on Chinese airports by the increasing demand for air transportation. Hence, it is meaningful to analyze the efficiency of Chinese airports as well as to determine which factors are most vital to improve airport efficiency. To do so, a widely used methodology, the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), which is used for measuring efficiency in multiple areas, has been adopted. By means of the DEA method, the efficiency of 27 Chinese airports during the period from 2014 to 2018 was identified. Nine variables, including six input and three output variables, have been identified. Notably, the integration of the fuzzy MCDM method and the DEA approach proved to be optimal for developing a solid and reliable analysis. Therefore, an integrated CFPR/DEA-Window-AR model was developed to evaluate the airport efficiency of Chinese airports. In addition, a comparison of efficiency levels with and without defined criteria weights was conducted. The results proved that considering weights using the CFPR approach is both practical and reliable. Keywords: Airport efficiency, Chineses airports, CFPR, DEA-AR, DEA-Window, Weighted variables

The Port of Gwangyang was built with the aim of reducing congestion at the Port of Busan by acting as sub-hub port. Many studies have discussed the new port construction and dual-hub port system to solve the increasing demand and port congestion problems; however, there is not much research discussing the sub-hub port system. As such, the main purpose of this paper is to analyze the liner shipping network structure of the sub-hub-oriented Port of Gwangyang using social network analysis (SNA). In terms of number of connections among ports, using in-degree, out-degree, and betweenness centrality, Busan is the most important port in Gwangyang's network. However, when it comes to considering the influence of ports using hub centrality, Busan drops to the fifth most influential position. In the network of the Port of Gwangyang, Shanghai and Hong Kong have more important roles compared to those of the Port of Busan. Keywords: Container Shipping, Network Structure Gwangyang Port Social Network Analysis, Sub-hub port

Container shipping route selection strategy has become an important component in attracting additional cargo volumes and increasing terminal competitiveness of small and medium ports (SMPs). Shipping route selection relies upon decisions based on real industry data and expert judgments. There is scant research that places emphasis on container shipping route selection as a vital aspect of SMPs. This paper bridges the gap by utilizing Consistent Fuzzy Preference Relations (CFPR) methodology, which handles both qualitative and quantitative factors in order to select optimal routes for SMPs. Donghae port, which is located on the east coast of South Korea, is analyzed as a case study. The results illustrate that volume commitment ranks first among the 19 established selection factors, followed by incentive system risk and head-haul ratio. This study also reveals that Donghae-Hochiminh is the optimal route for the Donghae port, while the container shipping route of Donghae-Port Kelang is ranked in the middle, and Donghae-Jakarta is considered to be the least optimal route amongst the three alternatives.

Over the past 20 years, Vietnam has signed more free trade agreements than any other country in the region, becoming one of the world's largest integrated economies. Nonetheless, Vietnam's logistics costs are still higher than the association of southeast Asian nations (ASEAN) average, which has reduced its ability to participate in the global value chain. These higher costs are also reflective of the country's inefficient logistics system, which can be confirmed by the fact that Vietnam's Logistics Index (LPI) fell from 48 in 2014 to 64 in 2016. Therefore, Vietnam is in urgent need of improving its national logistics in system. By applying the consistent fuzzy preference relations (CFPR) method for weighing main factors influencing the improvement of Vietnam's logistics system, this study indicates a direction for the Vietnam government to follow in implementing the ideal investment prioritization and the appropriate regulations for the improvement of its logistics system. The results reveal that the optimal order for the improvement of Vietnam's logistics system are logistics costs, logistics services, logistics infrastructures, connections between logistics components, institutional frameworks, and technology. The study also provides logistics stakeholders with increased insight into the status of Vietnam's logistics system and the appropriate strategies for achieving the goals of its government.

Since China's economic reform in 1978, international trade has enormously flourished and the port industry is reckoned as a key factor contributing to this growth. This study examines the Bohai Rim port group in the scope of top three largest ports Qingdao, Dalian and Tianjin. By utilizing indicators including concentration ratio (CR), Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI), the Gini coefficient and the Lorenz curve as well as shift-share analysis (SSA), the concentration level of this port group in the period 2004-2016 is discussed. As a results, CR demonstrates a decrease during the studied period with a minor fluctuation, and HHI index shows a trend of deconcentration with Bohai Rim port group. In addition, SSA indicates that during the period 2004-2016, the overall shift index of Qingdao port was-1.371 meanwhile with Tianjin and Dalian port were 0.118 and 1.252 in turn. These results suggest that the growth in regional influence of Tianjin and Dalian ports would motivate to the deconcentration pattern in Bohai Rim region. The findings assist decision makers and scholars to obtain knowledge about the port development this region. Considering the geographic position of these three ports as the gate of northeast China, it is suggested that these three ports could explore their advantages and cooperate with the small ports in the surrounding area to enhance their influences in the future study.

As the South Korean coastline features an abundance of islands, an efficient coastal ferry industry is vital to maritime transportation in the area. However, ferry disasters can have a severe effect on the operational efficiency of the industry. Thus, the objective of this study is to garner insights into the operational efficiency of the South Korean coastal ferry industry before and after the sinking of MV Sewol off the coast of South Korea. Data envelopment analysis (DEA)-window analysis and slacks-based measure (SBM)-DEA were applied to analyze time-series data from 2007 to 2016. The results illustrate that the total efficiency of the industry according to Regional Offices of Oceans and Fisheries (ROOFs) in each province of South Korea decreased. In particular, the operational efficiency of coastal ferries in Incheon, Jeju, Mokpo, and Pohang decreased considerably, and Busan was the most inefficient in 2016. These findings can enable ferry companies and government authorities to understand the impact of ferry disasters on the operational efficiency of coastal ferries and assist in developing appropriate strategies to improve the performance of the South Korean coastal ferry industry.

To make the best use of the imbalance of container flows between Asia and North America, containers are employed to carry grain cargoes from North America to Asia. Three criteria and nine sub-criteria were used to help control the quality of the grain cargoes shipped in containers. AHP technique is employed through a survey to major containerised grain cargo shippers, consignees, and ocean carriers to measure the degree of importance of the determinants influencing the quality of grains transported by containers. Without appropriate facilities and strategies, containerised grains mildewed easily during ocean voyage. Researching findings provide strategies to effectively reduce the damage rate of containerized grains cargo and improve the quality of the origin of food supply chain.