Gennady Urban’s research while affiliated with Scientific Center of Children's Health, Russian Academy of Sciences and other places

The authors conducted experiments to study the effect of natural metabolites fed to repair pigs in the last three months before insemination on their growth, changes in their live weight, the chemical composition of milk and the content of immunoglobulins in it, as well as morphological and biochemical blood compositions, protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in pregnant and suckling sows. Four groups of repair pigs were formed for research white breed (control and three experimental) at the age of 6 months, 20 heads each, which were kept in separate machines. The control group received the basic diet, without additives. The pigs of the experimental groups were fed natural metabolites from the sixth to the ninth month inclusive. The animals of the I experimental group were fed organic selenium (Selenium) as part of the compound feed – 0.3 kg / t of feed, II experimental group – succinic acid at the rate of 20 mg / kg of live weight (frequency of 10 days), III experimental group - Carolin preparation (beta-carotene oil solution) – 15 ml / head per day. At the ages of 6.5 and 9 months, 5 pigs from each group had blood taken from the ear vein in the morning before feeding for research. The object of research was repair pigs of large white breed and Krasnodar meat type. Feeding of animals both in this experiment and subsequent ones was carried out taking into account detailed feeding standards. The composition and nutritional value of the diets were calculated using the «Kormoptimaexpert» program.

The authors analyzed the biological effectiveness of the integrated plant protection system formed when the microbiological fungicide BisolbiSan, Zh was included in the classical protection scheme adopted in the farms of the Rostov region. The biological effectiveness of the integrated protection system, including the fungicide BisolbiSan, was analyzed, the impact of the studied protection system on the yield, the quality of the grain obtained, the phytosanitary condition of the crop during the growing season on winter wheat crops of the variety Nakhodka with the use of a plant protection system, including the fungicide BisolbiSan, Zh. The fungicide BisolbiSan, containing a culture of rhizospheric bacteria Bacillus subtilis strain H-13, suppresses the germination of spores and mycelium growth of phytopathogenic fungi due to the multilateral action of bacterial metabolites, without causing the formation of resistance in pathogens. It was found that the protection system used practically does not cause a decrease in grain quality — in terms of the average protein and gluten content, the grain at the experimental site even slightly exceeds the grain obtained from the control site by 16.88% and 27.8%. With the cost of winter wheat grain of 1100 rubles/kg, an increase in the yield in the experiment of 3.8 kg/ha in relation to control and the cost of an experimental protection system in the amount of 3,357 rubles/ha, revenue amounted to 823 rubles/ha.

The development of effective methods of prevention and treatment of hypovitaminosis in piglets is one of the promising areas of veterinary science and practice. The article presents the results of studies obtained when evaluating the effectiveness of the use of complex multivitamin preparations from various manufacturers: Trivit (CJSC Mosagrogen, Russia), Tetrahydrovit (LLC NITA-PHARM, Russia), Dufalite (Zoetis Inc, USA). The peculiarity of vitamin nutrition of pigs is associated with the absence or insufficient synthesis of water-soluble B vitamins in their body, so they should always be present in the diet feed. In addition, pigs are in urgent need of the delivery of carotene, vitamin A, C, E, D with food, which is due to the intensity of metabolism and energy in the body; at the same time, the consumption of vitamin A and carotene increases exponentially. Based on the conducted studies, it was found that the most effective method of prevention and treatment of hypovitaminosis in suckling piglets is the use of the multivitamin drug Tetrahydrovit intramuscularly on the 1st day of life and again after 7 days at a dose of 1 ml per head 1 time per day.

The leptospirosis vaccine is the main method of preventing the occurrence and spread of leptospirosis. Compliance with the standards of manufacturing, labeling, and storage is mandatory for immunological preparations. All stages of vaccine production must comply with the rules established by the Ministry of Industry and Trade and ensure its safety for humans. The article presents epidemiological data on leptospirosis in the Russian Federation in the period from 2013 to 2018. A method for producing a vaccine against human leptospirosis is described. The leptospirosis vaccine is polyvalent using membrane technologies and semi-synthetic culture media. It eliminates the use of foreign protein and does not require cleaning. The vaccine is an opalescent liquid with sediment and a pH of 7.2-7.6 and it is not allowed to contain live leptospira. Four strains are used and a new strain has been developed and implemented. Vaccination is carried out according to epidemiological indicators. Leptospirosis suspension forms specific immunity for 1 year. During the production of the updated vaccine, it was necessary to study the virulent properties of the strains. Moreover, analyze the formation of specific antibodies to leptospira in the new vaccine and in the vaccine currently used. From 2018 to 2020, 5 series of experimental vaccines in the form of a 0.5 ml suspension were produced.