Gary Griggs’s research while affiliated with University of California, Santa Cruz and other places

... Others were recorded in Hispaniola and around the Ile de la Gonave (Haiti), in Puerto Rico, in the islands of Anegada and Barbuda (Lesser Antilles), Venezuela and The Bahamas, Turks and Caicos. Griggs [94] described the main coastal features of California, their evolution, and the impacts of rising sea levels and human activity. Aquilano et al. [95] described the geochemical characteristics of the sediments of a coastal area close to Venice, in Northern Italy. ...

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Natural and Human Impacts on Coastal Areas

... The 2022 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report warns that a 1.5 °C rise in global temperatures will expose 24% of the world's population to heightened flood hazards (IPCC 2022;Hirabayashi et al. 2021). As Reguero and Griggs (2022) highlighted, coastal cities will be particularly vulnerable to amplified sea level rise, storm tides, and inundations. The staggering economic losses of approximately $4.3 trillion globally since 1970 underscore the inadequacy of existing flood management measures (WMO 2023). ...

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Understanding drivers of changing flood dynamics for enhancing coastal community resilience: a participatory approach

... How coastal communities manage threatened beaches has additional and significant implications for the continued existence of both. With options limited to unmanaged/unplanned retreat (i.e., do nothing), beach nourishment, hard armoring structures, living or green shorelines, and managed retreat or relocation, decisions will have a drastic effect on the future usability and accessibility of California's beaches (Caldwell and Segall 2007, Lester et al. 2022. Hard, shoreparallel armoring structures have been the typical historic response to coastal erosion in California, with 13.9% of the state's and 38% percent of southern California's coastline hardened with structures as of 2018 (Griggs and Patsch 2019b). ...

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Sea level rise impacts on coastal access

... Asian communities are battling climate change impacts especially the vulnerable coastal communities [1]. Worldwide, coastal areas are at the forefront of climate vulnerability due to their geographic location which is prone to severe temperature changes, extreme weather events, sea level rise and precipitation [2]. These factors contribute to global epidemic of waterborne-diseases such as cholera and diarrhoea related illness, adding on to existing health complications of vulnerable communities [3]. ...

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Impact of Community-based Adaptation Methods in Creating Resilient Communities in Indonesia and Philippines

... Water level forecasting is important to help us predict how water levels will increase in the future, allowing us to minimize the impact of rising water levels, such as flooding in coastal areas [7]. Water level data is also essential for port operations, particularly in scheduling ship transportation and managing port services efficiently [8]. ...

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Water Level Time Series Forecasting Using TCN Study Case in Surabaya