Gabriel A. Almond’s scientific contributions

... In particular, we used the variables identified by Bobbio, Matteucci & Pasquino (1992) as predictors of greater participation: residential area (urban or rural), gender, age, schooling, income bracket, and interest in politics. We also included as a control variable a latent variable related to membership of networks, especially associative networks, since the literature points to consistent differences in civic behavior between individuals who participate in associations and those who do not, with a significant advantage for the former (Almond & Verba, 1963;Putnam, Leonardi & Nanetti, 1993;Verba & Nie, 1972). Associations are considered "mobilizing structures" in the literature on social movements (McAdam, McCarthy & Zald, 1996), being fundamental to fostering participation in participatory institutions. ...

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Skepticism and polarization: political determinants of non-participation in participatory institutions

... In this sense, we argue that the democratic regime is also affected by the behavior of individuals in attitudinal terms, especially with regard to its legitimacy. The relations between citizens and the democratic regime involve belief systems and abstract dimensions whose relevance, amply corroborated by the literature, cannot be neglected (Almond;Verba, 1963;Dalton, 2004;Norris, 1999Norris, , 2011Putnam, 1993). ...

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When is corruption a threat to democracy? Perception of corruption about politicians and bureaucrats and democratic legitimacy in Latin America