Francis Ltd's research while affiliated with University of California, Davis and other places
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Publications (21)
Numerous studies have found that suburban residents drive more and walk less than residents in traditional neighbourhoods. What is less well understood is the extent to which the observed patterns of travel behaviour can be attributed to the residential built environment (BE) itself, as opposed to attitude-induced residential self-selection. To dat...
This paper revises an earlier taxonomy of equity models that was published in this jour-nal in 1988. This revised taxonomy consists of three elements. First, it extends the original taxonomy by proposing a set of moral philosophies, positioning them as antecedents of the operational strate-gies that determine equity outcomes. Six are identified: Ra...
This paper provides a comparative overview of urban transport in the world's two most populous countries: China and India. Cities in both countries are suffering from severe and worsening transport problems: air pollution, noise, traffic injuries and fatalities, congestion, parking shortages, energy use, and a lack of mobility for the poor. The urb...
In February 2005 residents of Edinburgh in Scotland, UK, were given the opportunity to vote in a referendum on the introduction of a road user charging scheme, which had been in development for almost a decade. The public voted against the scheme by a ratio of 3:1 and it was consequently abandoned. The objective of this research was to determine th...
Australia has developed world leading solar thermal technologies, with only very low national market penetration. Domestic solar water heating is the most common solar thermal instrument, with around 5% of homes using it and most of these systems are conventional flat plate thermosyphon systems. Other low temperature solar thermal research includes...
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The nuclear debate in Australia is shaped by the nation's substantial base of energy resources, includ-ing its large reserves of uranium and recent rises in the market price of uranium. But the debate also echoes Australia's past in the development of programs for nuclear weapons. The proposals include uranium enrichment, the storage of nuclear was...
Individual choices are affected by complex factors and the challenge consists of how to incorporate these factors in order to improve the realism of the modelling work. The presence of limits, cut-offs or thresholds in the perception and appraisal of both attributes and alternatives is part of the complexity inherent to choice-making behaviour. The...
The Cameroon forest is in decline because there is no holistic management strategy. This decline threatens all the forest resources: trees, flora and fauna. With high population growth rates, growing poverty, public corruption, and other similar ills, the fate of Cameroon's forest is further jeopardized. Mobilizing efforts to reverse the current de...
The HIV epidemic in resource poor nations has a devastating effect on their peoples with dramatic falls in population survival rates. The extent of this epidemic is so great that in many nations basic food production is not occurring, and any significant output from manufacturing industries is falling because of the lack of people to employ within...
The inauguration of the Shinkansen high-speed train service between Tokyo and Osaka, Japan, at 210 kph maximum operating speed some 40 years ago marked the comeback of the train as an important passenger mode of transport. Since then high-speed train (HST) services have been introduced in many countries and are planned in many more, and the train h...
Two conditions have to be met for bargaining in Intergovernmental Conferences (IGCs) in the EU to be efficient. On the one hand, an effective preparation of the negotiations is essential to provide governments with the necessary information to engage in issue linkages. On the other hand, mediation provided by the EU's Presidency is indispensable fo...
This paper highlights what psychoanalysis can add to discussions of reflexivity, by specifi-cally describing how reflexivity is conceptualized and fostered on psychoanalytic observa-tion methods courses at the Tavistock Clinic, London. It is demonstrated that this psychological form of reflexivity is relevant to empirical and conceptual work and sh...
The provision of road-based travel-time information often relies on speed data collected from inductive loops imbedded in the pavement. While inductive loops are commonly installed on urban freeways, they are neither configured nor ideally located to provide speed data on arterial roads. Dissemination of dynamic, network-wide travel information to...
Rapid technological developments in the field of personal communication services probe visions of a next generation in Advanced Traveller Information Services (ATIS). These technological developments provoke a renewed interest in the use and effect of such next-generation ATIS among academia as well as practitioners. To understand better the potent...
This paper suggests ways in which to look at textbooks in terms of how they socially construct students with disabilities who receive special education services. Although students with develop-mental disabilities were not included in most of these texts, the treatment of students with mild disabilities revealed varied attitudes towards disability....
Brain research has strengthened our understanding of the first five years of a child's life as a critical period. Quality early care is important to the healthy development of young children, and their later success in school. Concurrently, many families depend on childcare outside the home. Programs that have knowledgeable and skilled staff, offer...
The unsustainable nature of current urban transportation and land use is well recognized. What is less clear is the prescription for how to move towards a more sustainable future, especially given the many interest groups involved, the complexity of urban systems and the fragmented nature of decision-making in most urban regions. It is argued that...
Melbourne's urban rail and tram systems were privatized in 1999 using a concessioning or franchising model similar to that employed for British Rail in the 1990s. The Melbourne franchise agreements promised improved services, increased patronage, reduced government subsidies and no real increase in fares. However, within 2 years, it became apparent...
Teenage pregnancy is an issue receiving a growing amount of attention in the United States, with approximately one million children born to teenage mothers annually. Teen mothers tend to func-tion less effectively in numerous realms than their peers who delay child-rearing, and the children of teen mothers are at greater risk of school failure. In...
An increasing number of families are enrolling their children in out-of-home early childcare services. In addition, a growing number of community childcare programs are including children with devel-opmental disabilities. While some studies have explored the effects of inclusion for preschool chil-dren with disabilities, there is little knowledge a...
This paper presents and explores critical race theory (CRT) as an ontological starting point for the study of sport and leisure. CRT is based on five precepts outlined by Solorzano and Yosso that centre 'race' and racism, social justice, plurivocality, transdisciplinarity and challenge orthodoxies. There have been a number of recent criticisms and...
Citations
... In addition, Ireland preferred a rotating Council Presidency over the permanent model, as the former institutionally guarantees that small states can also hold his office (EurActiv, 2004). In order to promote their priorities, Ireland applied bargaining strategies and engaged in informal talks and confidential meetings with EU representatives (Dür & Mateo, 2006). After a long period of discussions, the Irish presidency succeeded in securing an agreement on a treaty establishing a constitution for Europe in 2004, including a consensus on the size and composition of the Commission, the voting system in the Council, and the scope of qualified majority voting (European Union, 2004). ...
Reference: Small States in the European Union
... Second, specific beliefs about the policy and emotions, trust, and perceptions of legitimacy can be influenced by various contextual factors, such as urban form (Hysing and Isaksson 2015), congestion severity (Albalate and Bel 2009;Attard and Ison 2010), the functioning of the public transport system, air pollution levels (Wang et al., 2021), or car dependency (Gaunt et al. 2007;Kottenhoff and Freij, 2009). As Hysing and Isaksson (2015) conclude in their study on congestion charges in Stockholm and Gothenburg, in addition to local political conditions and procedural factors, local contextual conditions, in particular urban form, congestion levels, and the functioning of public transport, determined the different levels of acceptance of congestion charges in the two cities. ...
... 2008, Gadziński 2018. Jak wskazuje Rose (2006), chociaż telefony komórkowe wydają się oferować atrakcyjne perspektywy jako sondy do pomiarów ruchu, nadal istnieje wiele problemów, które trzeba rozwiązać. Należą do nich aspekty wpływające na dokładność i wiarygodność danych (w tym m.in. ...
... Thus, our results cover models with thresholds and kinks in , g, and h, which existing results cannot handle. In the case of discrete choice models, such features may occur if the decision-maker optimises subject to constraints; see, e.g., Cantillo and de Dios Ortúzar (2006). These models have traditionally been formulated in a parametric fashion; our theory demonstrates how they can be identified without parametric constraints. ...
... The elite class students were interested to read complex books. Burgess (2005) added that low-income mothers had fewer reading resources that resulted find their less privileged children in reading. Fenimore (2015) found a majority of non-Kuwaiti families were unable to buy a variety of materials to support their children's reading. ...
... Cities are responsible for two-thirds of the world's energy consumed and for up to 70% of greenhouse gas emissions (Bin et al., 2020). Problems of urban mobility are emerging while motorised vehicles remain the main means of urban transport across developing countries, and the number of registered vehicles is increasing every year (Israel Schwarzlose et al., 2014;Pucher et al., 2007). ...
... Increasingly, specific aspects of governance have been the subject of scientific articles. Thus, for example, contracting (Hansson, 2013), ownership (Mees, 2005), collaboration are topics typically found in the literature on public transport governance. Though contracts, ownership and collaboration do of course co-exist, the topics are more usually studied in isolation, while a comprehensive perspective on public transport governance is much more seldom found (although there are some notable exceptions such as Sørensen 2018; Sørensen and Longva, 2011;Hansson, 2021). ...
... People generally aim to choose a residential environment that matches their preferences (Bijker et al., 2012), a process that is often termed residential self-selection (Van Wee, 2009). Residential self-selection based on desired and expected travel behaviour has already been widely identified as a potentially important intermediary factor in the relationship between the physical environment and travel patterns (Bohte et al., 2009;Cao et al., 2009). Extending the notion of residential self-selection based on travel behaviour preferences to accessibility suggests that lower levels of spatial accessibility may not always translate into lower perceived accessibility. ...
... Delgado (1989) argues that disadvantaged individuals need to have their voices heard. In this regard, counter-storytelling is an important and essential tool in CRT because of its emphasis on the unspoken voice which often contradicts the same stories told by white people or other majority group members (Hylton, 2005). ...
... Although some elements of the treatment procedures were not consistently applied by the educators or typical peers, the intervention was sufficiently robust to enable the children with ASD to improve their turn-taking skills. Key words: autism, childcare, coaching, peer mediation, single-case research, touch screen technology I NCLUSION IN TYPICAL early childhood settings is considered to be the right of every child, including those with significant disabilities, and has also been identified as having benefits for both children with disabilities and their typically developing peers (Odom, Buysse, & Soukakou, 2011;Stahmer & Carter, 2005). Although no one would deny the right of children and families to access typical early childhood services such as preschools and childcare, most would acknowledge that successful inclusion should involve active intervention to promote engagement, social participation and child development (Odom et al., 2011). ...