Fahrunnisa’s scientific contributions

The rise in antimicrobial resistance is a vital concern, and various factors, such as the overuse of antibiotics in agriculture, have contributed to its development and spread. Livestock farmers, veterinarians, and pharmacies are key prescribers of antibiotics for disease prevention, control, and treatment of ruminant animals. A qualitative study in the Sumbawa District examined their awareness, attitudes, and practices concerning antibiotic use, residues, and resistance, underscoring their vital role in tackling this challenge. The study utilized nine key informant interviews, sixteen in-depth interviews, a single focus group discussion, and on-farm observations using semistructured formats and thematic analysis to identify and explore themes. This revealed a common practice of antibiotic self-medication among ruminant farmers in the Sumbawa Regency, driven by limited knowledge and leading to medicine store purchases based on advice from veterinary paraprofessionals or for unregulated self-treatment. Factors contributing to antibiotic misuse include trust in veterinary paraprofessionals, economic limitations, lack of targeted antiresistance programs, and insufficient regulation of antibiotic sales. Enhancing veterinary paraprofessionals' awareness of their ethical duties, launching educational programs for actors, providing financial support for these initiatives, and strict enforcement of regulations by the local government are strategies that could collectively promote responsible antibiotic use and stewardship.

Aquatic resources are one of the natural resources that can be renewed, but if their use is carried out excessively without paying attention to sustainability, it will have a bad impact on the aquatic resources themselves. This study discusses policies related to sea turtle conservation activities, the purpose of this study is to find out the policies that have been made related to sea turtle conservation and its implementation in the field, this is done to realize the sustainability of resources and the aquatic environment. This study was conducted in the Nipah Essential Ecosystem Area (KEE), Malaka Village, North Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. The existence of this ecosystem area can directly or indirectly help in natural resource conservation activities in the Nipah coastal environment. One of the policies that have been implemented to preserve turtle habitat is by conserving sea turtle habitat, and educational activities on the importance of sea turtles for natural resources and the aquatic environment. Conservation activities carried out in the Nipah Essential Ecosystem Area (KEE) have an implementation score of 100% meaning that policies related to sea turtle conservation in the Nipah Essential Ecosystem Area have been implemented properly, this happens because of the cooperation of various parties between local communities, the TCC (Turtle Conservation Community) community, local governments, and the central government. With a high implementation score, sea turtle habitats will be better preserved, and natural resources and aquatic environments will become sustainable.

Prajak is crowned as the top 300 tourist villages at the 2022 Indonesian tourism village award. Prajak is a hamlet located in the Saleh Bay cluster, Sumbawa, so development in this area is directed as a marine tourism area. Even though it is named a tourist village, the tourism conditions in Prajak are still not optimal and have not been developed properly. The condition of the beach is still natural, but the lack of public awareness of tourism opportunities and the inadequate infrastructure of existing tourism infrastructure have resulted in marine tourism in prajak is not yet known by the public. In addition, the main problem is the rampant illegal fishing which has an impact on the destruction of coral reefs, the reduction of fishermen's catches, and the threat to fish sustainability. Therefore, the development of non-extractive, non-consumptive, and sustainable natural resources needs to be prioritized in the field of tourism so that marine ecotourism is the main choice. This study aims to design an appropriate marine ecotourism zoning in Prajak Sumbawa area based on its ecological potential, analyze the feasibility of community-based marine ecotourism, and create a community-based marine ecotourism management strategy in Prajak, Sumbawa Regency.