Fabien Quétier's research while affiliated with CATIE - Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza and other places
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Publications (114)
Humanity is on a pathway of unsustainable loss of the natural systems upon which we, and all life, rely. To date, global efforts to deliver internationally‐agreed goals to reduce carbon emissions, halt biodiversity loss, and retain essential ecosystem services, have been poorly integrated. All these goals rely in part on preserving natural (e.g. na...
While the scientific community documents environmental degradation and develops scenarios to identify the operational margins of system Earth, less attention is given to how decisions are made that steer the system in one direction or the other. We propose to use strategy games for this purpose, increasing the representation of human agency in scen...
Achieving global sustainability objectives such as the UN Sustainable Development Goals or Aichi Targets, including remaining within planetary boundaries, necessitates proactively avoiding a proportion of the environmental impacts otherwise expected to result from economic development. Quantifying these “avoided” impacts is important for monitoring...
Increasingly, government and corporate policies on ecological compensation (e.g., offsetting) are requiring “net gain” outcomes for biodiversity. This presents an opportunity to align development with the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity Post‐2020 Global Biodiversity Framework's (GBF) proposed ambition for overall biodiversity reco...
Because the rigor and completeness of GHG accounting directly influences an organisation’s ability to manage and disclose its climate-related risks, GHG accounting and disclosure frameworks could adopt more sophisticated accounting practices, improving risk management and transparency. Accordingly, to support the SBTi Corporate Net-Zero Standard, t...
Conflicts between agriculture and biodiversity conservation in Europe are increasing, due to multiple demands from agricultural ecosystems, including a growing need for high quality and good-value agricultural products, as well as the provision of biodiversity and ecosystem services. Currents trends such as globalization, European policies, and glo...
While the scientific community has focused on documenting environmental degradation and developing scenarios that help identify the operational margins for system Earth, less attention has been given to the mental models of decision-makers that underpin environmental policies. We suggest that global efforts to stop deforestation and biodiversity lo...
Increasingly, government and corporate policies on ecological compensation (e.g. offsetting) are requiring ‘net gain’ outcomes for biodiversity. This presents an opportunity to align development with the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework’s (GBF) ambition for overall biodiversity recovery. In t...
It is increasingly common for developers to be asked to manage the impacts of their projects on biodiversity by restoring other degraded habitats that are ecologically equivalent to those that are impacted. These measures, called biodiversity offsets, generally aim to achieve ‘no net loss’ (NNL) of biodiversity. Using spatially-explicit modeling, d...
The BD Protocol aims to enable any organisation, from any sector, to identify,
measure and account for its impacts on biodiversity. Companies can now develop their biodiversity impact inventory and the associated Statements of Biodiversity Position and Performance for various applications, from site or project management to disclosure. For instance...
PROVISION OF TECHNICAL SUPPORT RELATED TO TARGET 2 OF THE EU BIODIVERSITY STRATEGY TO 2020 –MAINTAINING AND RESTORING ECOSYSTEMS AND THEIR SERVICES
ENV.B.2/SER/2016/0018
Guidance on achieving no net loss or net gain of biodiversity and ecosystem services
Humanity is on a pathway of unsustainable loss of the natural systems upon which we, and all life, rely. To date, global efforts to achieve internationally-agreed goals to reduce carbon emissions, halt biodiversity loss, and retain essential ecosystem services, have been poorly integrated. However, these different goals all rely on preserving natur...
Leclère et al.1 have outlined the possibility of a biodiversity transition for the 21st century, a line of thinking equivalent to the Forest Transition theory and what it says about forest cover globally2. The authors use a suite of global models to explore the impacts on global biodiversity of interventions on land-use, consumption and production...
Both internal and external stakeholders of organisations are increasingly aware of the importance of natural capital in creating sustainable value. Corporate reporting on natural capital has been growing considerably over the past couple of decades, particularly for issues such as climate change, water and waste. Yet, quantified data disclosed is c...
Ecosystem services (ES) practitioners (e.g., researchers, policy makers) have been working to better define, measure, and value the ways that nature contributes to society. Because measurement techniques follow the labeling or identification of ES, precise identification is critical. This article reviews literature and consults experts in classific...
Forests across the world stand at a crossroads where climate and land-use changes are shaping their future. Despite demonstrations of political will and global efforts, forest loss, fragmentation, and degradation continue unabated. No clear evidence exists to suggest that these initiatives are working. A key reason for this apparent ineffectiveness...
Many nations use ecological compensation policies to address negative impacts of development projects and achieve No Net Loss (NNL) of biodiversity and ecosystem services. Yet, failures are widely reported. We use spatial simulation models to quantify potential net impacts of alternative compensation policies on biodiversity (indicated by native ve...
Forests across the world stand at the crossroad with climate and land use changes shaping their future. Despite the demonstration of political will and global efforts, forest loss, fragmentation and land degradation continue unabated. No clear evidence exists that these initiatives are working. Why are policies designed to halt deforestation and in...
Biodiversity Offsets (BO) and Payments for Environmental Services (PES) are sometimes used interchangeably to characterize innovative economic tools to conserve or restore biodiversity, ecosystems, or their services. We assume that a confusion between PES and BO can have negative implications for biodiversity conservation. In this paper, we argue t...
A global goal of no net loss of natural ecosystems or better has recently been proposed, but such a goal would require equitable translation to country-level contributions. Given the wide variation in ecosystem depletion, these could vary from net gain (for countries where restoration is needed), to managed net loss (in rare circumstances where nat...
Loss of habitats or ecosystems arising from development projects (e.g., infrastructure, resource extraction, urban expansion) are frequently addressed through biodiversity offsetting. As currently implemented, offsetting typically requires an outcome of “no net loss” of biodiversity, but only relative to a baseline trajectory of biodiversity declin...
Highlights: Corporations fail to account for and disclose their net impacts on renewable natural capital. Net biodiversity impact accounting has been pioneered at the project level. Scaling up these approaches to the company level should be a priority. We propose the development of Statements of Biodiversity Position and Performance through...
Biodiversity offsetting (BO) claims to slow down biodiversity loss caused by development projects by generating ecological gains mainly through restoration activities conducted on land acquired to this effect. This leads to social conflicts around accessing land, especially with farmers and other land-users. The purpose of this paper is to analyze...
This article explores a dark side of the current enthusiasm for compiling large datasets in support of evidence-based conservation, at various scales. We use a series of concrete examples to show how data gathered in biodiversity databases can be poorly informative for the design and implementation of effective conservation strategies and actions....
Physically and socially heterogeneous mountain landscapes support high biodiversity and multiple ecosystem services. But rapid landscape transformation from fast urbanisation and agricultural intensification around cities to abandonment and depopulation in higher and more remote districts, raises urgent environmental and planning issues. For antici...
Ecosystem services (ES) practitioners have been working to better define and measure how nature contributes to society. The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment’s (MA) four types (supporting, provisioning, regulating, cultural) is the most widely used definitional grouping of ES, despite ecosystem services classification systems (ES-CS) being proposed b...
The Ecosystem Approach introduced in 1994 through the Convention on Biological Diversity, together with related Ecosystem-based Management and Landscape Approaches, are frequently called upon to improve ecological impact assessment. Current practice typically does not have such a systems focus and we explore the potential for explicitly adopting an...
Environmental policies increasingly refer to biodiversity offsets (BO) as a way to slow or halt biodiversity losses caused by development projects, including infrastructure and urban development, that could not be avoided or minimized through adequate mitigation. In many cases, ecological gains for offsets are obtained through restoration activitie...
Biodiversity Offsetting (BO) is aimed at achieving no net loss of biodiversity in the context of economic development. Through a choice experiment in northern France, we show that farmers have a clear preference for not signing up BO contracts. The contracts they accept may only be suitable for offsetting temporary impacts on already degraded areas...
One of today’s great challenges is to safeguard biodiversity for future generations. An increasing number of countries and economic sectors are adopting strategies to slow and stop biodiversity loss. In this book, we examine existing approaches to achieve no net loss of biodiversity in selected EU countries. Adopting an explicitly European perspect...
It is clear that Europe is still far from its target to halt the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services (EEA 2010a, b; European Commission 2015), and this is in large part due to biodiversity impacts in the wider environment, i.e. outside protected areas. Many such impacts are the result of multiple small, scattered developments that individua...
The mitigation hierarchy has been at the heart of French environmental regulations since the EIA process was introduced in 1976. Its application, however, has been patchy, especially concerning compensation for impacts on wildlife. New mechanisms have been put in place and trialed over the last few years so that France now has one of the most compr...
‘No net loss’ (NNL) conservation policies seek to address development impacts on biodiversity. There have been no peer-reviewed multinational assessments concerning the actual implementation of NNL policies to date. Such assessments would facilitate more informed debates on the validity of NNL for conservation, but assessing implementation requires...
Land management is critical for biodiversity conservation in mountain grasslands. It should be both ecologically effective and economically efficient. We provide an economic analysis of different options (spring and autumn grazing, mowing and abandonment) and their effects on population viability of a rare plant species, Eryngium alpinum (Apiaceae)...
‘No net loss’ is a buzz phrase in environmental policy. Applied to a multitude of environmental targets such as biodiversity, wetlands and land productive capacity, no net loss (NNL) and related goals have been adopted by multiple countries and organizations, but these goals often lack clear reference scenarios: no net loss compared to what? Here,...
This book deals with the new concept of biodiversity offsets. The aim of offsetting schemes is to achieve no let loss or even net gain of biodiversity. Offsets obey a mitigation hierarchy and reflect the precautionary and polluter-pays principle in regard to project impacts.
Readers gain insights into current debates on biodiversity policies, with...
This paper presents how we combined the MineSet role-playing game with facilitation techniques to support the negotiations of the Regional Working Group on High Conservation Values of the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) Congo Basin Program, creating a shared understanding of the system and facilitating their decision-making process thanks to the e...
We propose to create the conditions for a meaningful discussion between key agencies engaged in forest smart policies, the "no net loss" agenda, including the zero deforestation debates, the implementation of jurisdictional approaches to deforestation, and the use of financing schemes to steer economies in tropical landscapes towards more sustainab...
Messages clés
· La compensation doit recourir à de meilleures pratiques de restauration s’appuyant sur la littérature grise et les projets existants et sur des méthodes d’évaluation standardisées.
· Des solutions alternatives (out-of-kind, actions de préservation) sont de plus en plus utilisées mais les risques associés doivent être analysés.
· Le...
There is consensus that plant diversity and ecosystem processes are negatively
affected by land- use intensifi cation ( LUI ), but, at the same time, there is empirical evidence
that a large heterogeneity can be found in the responses. This heterogeneity is especially
poorly understood in tropical ecosystems.
We evaluated changes in community funct...
Plant functional traits are the features (morphological, physiological, phenological) that represent ecological strategies and determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels and influence ecosystem properties. Variation in plant functional traits, and trait syndromes, has proven useful for tackling many important...
When development projects generate impacts on biodiversity that cannot be sufficiently avoided or reduced, offsets must be designed and implemented to effectively and fully compensate for the residual loss of biodiversity. International best practice indicates that biodiversity offsets must achieve no net loss of biodiversity, or preferably a net g...
There is consensus that plant biodiversity and ecosystem processes are negatively affected by land-use intensification (LUI), but at the same time there is empirical evidence that a large heterogeneity in the responses can be found. This heterogeneity is especially poorly understood in tropical ecosystems. We evaluated changes in community function...
Given the recent strengthening of wetland restoration and protection policies in France, there is need to develop rapid assessment methods that provide a cost-effective way to assess losses and gains of wetland functions. Such methods have been developed in the US and we tested six of them on a selection of contrasting wetlands in the Isère watersh...
ABSTRACT. A vast literature is now available on ecosystem services (ES), their potential as a tool for analyzing intertwined processes of ecological and social change, and their monetary valuation. Much less is known about the social value of different ES for different social actors (SA), and their links with specific components of biodiversity. We...
ABSTRACT. A vast literature is now available on ecosystem services (ES), their potential as a tool for analyzing intertwined processes of ecological and social change, and their monetary valuation. Much less is known about the social value of different ES for different social actors (SA), and their links with specific components of biodiversity. We...
Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) mechanisms leverage economic and social incentives to shape how people influence natural processes and achieve conservation and sustainability goals. Beneficiaries of nature's goods and services pay owners or stewards of ecosystems that produce those services, with payments contingent on service provision. Inte...
Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) mechanisms leverage economic and social incentives to shape how people influence natural processes and achieve conservation and sustainability goals. Beneficiaries of nature's goods and services pay owners or stewards of ecosystems that produce those services, with payments contingent on service provision ( 1 ,...
The idea that development impacts on biodiversity could be offset to achieve no net loss of biodiversity has been heavily criticized. While it is denounced as a license to trash by some, it is seen as an unacceptable burden or even a new tax by others. In this context, in 2012 and 2013, the French Ministry in charge of the environment published gui...
Significance
The sustainable management of the supply of ecosystem services (ESs) in a context of global change is of major importance to sustain human livelihoods. Doing sustainable management requires us to understand and to quantify the effects and mechanisms of changes in driving variables on multiple ESs. However, few studies to date have anal...
HOw to balance the compenting demands of logging companies, conservation NGOs, local communities, mining companies and governments in the landscapes of central Africa? We explored this question through participatory modelling and scenario development. With these tools we helped the FSC Program for the Congo Basin secure an agreement between all par...
1.Many studies have identified relationships between plant reproductive behaviour and environmental conditions. However, they have all been based on cross-species analysis and take no account of the relative abundance of species with vegetation. 2.Using two reproductive traits – seed mass and dispersal vector – as examples, a range of previously id...
Drawing on the idea that biodiversity is simply the diversity of living things, and that everyone knows what diversity and living things mean, most conservation professionals eschew the need to explain the many complex ways in which biodiversity is understood in science. On many biodiversity-related issues, this lack of clarity leads to a communica...
