F Ronilaya’s scientific contributions

Currently, the demand for electricity is increasing from time to time. While the existence of fossil fuels to generate electricity is depleted. This condition resulted in the use of renewable energy source in electrical power generation. Since the electricity generated from renewable energy sources is not constant because it is depending on the climatic conditions, a controller of the charging and discharging mechanism on a battery is necessary for it to work optimally for storing electricity. To overcome this problem, one of the solutions is by applying hybrid power generation technology. One the important equipment related to this technology is the application of a charge controller. The charge controller here is used to control the charging and discharging mechanism to store electricity in a battery. The charge controller is found mainly in a standalone mechanism where the controller only has one input from one renewable energy source. If we have more than one renewable sources, therefore we need a charge controller with multiple input terminals. This study examines and compares the design of a standalone charge controller and a multiple input charge controller. The result shows that it is more efficient to use a multiple input charge controller rather than to use two single input charge controller.

Electrical energy demand is increasing in accordance with rapid growth of the human population. Since fossil fuels is the most widely used energy source, thus it is depleting very fast. Alternative energy source is urgently needed to replace the use of conventional energy sources. Perpetual Motion Machine (PMM) which can be applied to produce electricity, may be an alternative solution for the problem the world is facing today. The machine is designed to generate power from repulsive forces of permanent magnet without utilizing external sources. Some researches had conducted experiments and Neodymium magnet is most used in the project due to its strong magnetic field. The device is mainly built using a permanent magnet, a rotating wheel and a generator. This paper reviews some aspects on how A Perpetual Motion Machine (PMM) generates electrical power. The aim of the paper is to provide a summary of the topic and its opportunities in further enhancements for better results. The study found that the concept is very effective, ecofriendly and less space needed. However, a larger scale development of the machine along with proper magnet and gear arrangement is currently needed for a better performance and application.

The Pico-hydro power generation is a power plant with a scale below 5 kW. This type of power generation is suitable for areas with streams or rivers with low water levels. One area that has natural conditions like this is the Javan Langur Centre (JLC), a rehabilitation facility for one of the endangered primate species, the langur. To support the operation of JLC, a pico-hydro power plant has been built, which has a capacity of 300 watts. However, due to the water discharge is quite low, the efficiency of the generator is less than 10%, of which, the total output power from the pico-hydro generator is about 27,3 watts. While the electrical energy requirements in JLC is around 50 watts for lighting. To meet the shortage of electricity supply, it is necessary to increase the power generated by the existing pico-hydro power plant, i.e. by applying a cascade system. This system utilizes water from the existing pico-hydro power plant drainage channel as the intake flow for the new pico-hydro power plant. This system also utilizes differences in elevation or water level to make the terraces. With the application of the cascade pico-hydro system, the electrical power requirements at JLC can be met.

A teleoperated robotic system offers a rapid deployment for performing tasks in dangerous environments. An effective teleoperation requires a proper feedback system such as a vision system using cameras. Despite its effectiveness of using camera, the limited field of view (FoV) become one of the main burdens of the operation. To deal with this problem, some researchers used wider-view camera or multiple cameras. In contrast, this research proposed to achieve a better teleoperation by eliminating FoV limit by using 360 camera. This research also aimed to improve the immersive experience by utilizing virtual reality (VR) headset. The proposed framework then developed to accommodate all the requirements and then evaluated by some numerous trials by some participants. An AprilTag marker was placed on the robot and tracked by a ceiling mounted camera to record the trajectory data. The obtained trajectories then measured its performance by using a standard performance metrics. The experiments demonstrated that the proposed method achieved lower collision area, closer to desired ideal path and smoother than using a standard camera as the feedback system. However, as the 360-video streaming induced higher latency, the proposed approach was slower. The measurements justified that the proposed approach achieved a better teleoperation especially for mission critical tasks.

Currently, to monitor the parameters of an electrical system, including current, voltage, power, and frequency can be done remotely by using either computers, laptops, or android mobile phones, as long as those gadgets are connected to the internet. Generally, the equipment of this monitoring system is installed in a module at a fixed position. As a measurement tool, it is required that the measurement values are valid. For this reason, to ensure that the measurements shown by the remote monitoring system that has been installed are valid, another monitoring system is needed as a comparison. Based on the problems mentioned above, this research aims to design and analyse a portable web-based monitoring system for electrical parameters measurement. This equipment has a web-based monitoring system, which can remotely monitor the measurement of electrical parameters through the web. In addition, the equipment is light and portable, which can be easily moved from one place to another. Due to its advantages, this equipment can be used as a comparative tool to get valid values for electrical parameters measurement.

This paper presents the implementation of Arduino Nano microcontroller for a single-phase pure sine wave inverter, which can convert DC voltage to AC voltage at high efficiency and low cost. Solar-powered electricity generation is being favored nowadays as the world increasingly focuses on environmental concerns. The designed inverter converted DC voltage into AC voltage for a small-scale off-grid solar PV system suitable for electrification in remote areas, pollution-free, and inexpensive. Its inverter uses a sinusoidal pulse width modulation technique and a simple circuit, consisting of only 2 MOSFET switches and 1 MOSFET driver. The H-bridge inverter’s output is applied to a step-up transformer with a dual coil input and a single-coil output, and hence, we can create positive and negative sides of the wave. Mitigate a voltage noise; a capacitor is parallelly installed at the secondary side of the transformer. Several simulations are performed to verify the effectiveness of the designed inverter using Proteus software, and continued hardware implementation. Based on some experiments we have done, the designed inverter produces a 230 V r.m.s 50 Hz sine wave with very low harmonics distortion. The highest efficiency was obtained using 2200nF / 400V of the filter capacitor, and the smallest voltage regulation gained using 2200nF / 400V of the filter capacitor when compared with other capacitors. The proposed system is economical, efficient, and reliable and can be used for small scale power applications.

Javan Langur Centre (JLC) is a facility dedicated to the treatment of langur, an endangered primate species. To support the maintenance and rehabilitation activities, the need for electrical energy is a vital. In this facility, electrical energy is needed for lighting and baby primate’s incubator with a total power of around 120 watts. There is no electricity grid included in this area and the supply of electrical energy is still very dependent on the gen-set owned by the residents which is located approximately 2 km from JLC, making it less efficient. In terms of natural energy resources, JLC has the availability of water sources that originate from small streams making it possible to develop pico-hydro technology. There has been built a pico-hydro power generation with a potential electric power that can be generated approximately 300 watts. However, the water discharge of the river stream in that area is quite low, around 0.00035 m3/s, that makes the efficiency of the power generation is 10% only. In other words, the actual electrical power that can be generated is around 30 watts. So as to meet the electrical power needs at JLC, another electrical energy source is needed. One alternative is to install solar cells or photo voltaic (PV) with a capacity of 100 watts peak. The output power of these two energy sources can be combined and regulated by applying Hybrid Power Generation technology. With the application of this technology, the need for electrical energy in the JLC area can be met.

This monitoring system is used to monitor currents and voltages from Solar Power Plants (PLTS) with solar cell capacities of 50WP, 80WP, and 100WP. PLTS used is an active type of solar tracker, where solar cells used can find the maximum solar irradiation position by determining the upper and lower voltages as the reference voltage in the Arduino program. After PLTS can produce energy, then the energy can be used to turn on AC and DC electrical loads. From the energy used, here of course there are currents and voltages starting from the output of the solar cell, the accumulator output, the input at the AC load, and the input at the DC load. The monitoring results that have been carried out subsequently will be automatically sent to the Thingspeak application by using the SIM800L Module. This thingspeak application will send data in the form of numbers and graphs in real time. By comparing the value of the measurement results on Arduino and the thingspeak application, we get the size of the percentage of reading errors on the measuring instrument.

Microsoft Office Power Point Training for Elementary School-aged Children in the Neighborhood of the Al Mu'minun Mosque RW-12 in Lowokwaru Village, Malang City, provides additional skills and motivation for elementary and middle school children to have the ability to operate and to use Microsoft Office Power Point software (MS Power Point). With the additional knowledge and expertise, these children are expected to be able to overcome problems related to their school assignments.

Electrical energy is an important component in an industry, that is needed by electrical equipment / machines that exist in the industry. Currently, the majority of electrical energy is produced from fossils, almost 85% of all energy comes from fossil fuels. Therefore, efficiency application of electricity loads in industries need to be logged and analyzed. To make electricity load efficiency possible, it can be done by monitoring and logging real-time electricity loads in the industry. So that, the electrical power consumed can be analyzed. In this paper, a 3-phase electricity monitoring system is builder for Low Voltage Power Distribution (LVDP) that can be monitored anytime and anywhere via internet for the needs of electricity quality analysis. Monitoring parameters are voltage, current, real power, apparent power, power factor, IHD voltage and current, and voltage and current THD for each phase. The system uses sensor ZMPT101B to get voltage value each phase and Current Transormator (CT) to get current value each phase. Then, that sensor value calculates with Arduino and raspberry pi. Arduino to calculate real power, apparent power, and power factor. Raspberry pi to calculate IHD voltage, current and THD voltage and current. That variables send to database and display on the web. Error reading of voltage sensor is found on average error 0.00254% compared to multimeter. For current sensor, the average error is 0.0074%. On the user interface, all functions are running well including the addition of devices, as well as monitoring parameters of each phase, so that, it can be utilized for the needs of electrical analysis, which means the power consumed and the malconsumed can be known.