June 2018
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ECOS DE LA ACADEMIA
The field of sports medicine has not only improved the consolidation of its bases and references, but has increased the presence of alternative forms of treatment in order to reduce recovery time in sports injuries. One of these treatments is Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT), which has been used to promote the recovery of injuries in ligaments and skeletal muscle, and to improve inherent aspects in sports training and performance. When a subject is injured, the affected area has a decrease in oxygen intake due to injured vessels, inflammation, and an alteration of vascular permeability. The main objective of the treatment with HBOT is to eliminate this oxygen deficiency to the lesion. Under normal conditions, at 1 ATA (atmosphere absolute), 98.4% of the oxygen attaches to hemoglobin, and the remaining portion is dissolved in the plasma. In conditions of hyperbaric treatment at 2 and 3 ATA, oxygen dissolved in plasma is 3.8% and 6.8% respectively, and the PaO2 is 1400 and 2200 mm Hg. In Ecuador, Hyperbárica SA and other organizations have carried out discrete interventions with HBOT in cases of recovery of injured athletes, with the aim of fully reincorporating them into the sport. In all the cases, neovascularization has been promoted, and there has been an increase in the proliferation of fibroblasts and the formation of collagens.