Emmanuel Olurotimi Ogunbiyi’s scientific contributions

Plastic waste has emerged as a formidable environmental challenge globally, prompting nations to reassess and enhance their waste management strategies. This study encapsulates a comprehensive review focusing on the effectiveness of plastic waste management in the United States. The review explores the multifaceted dimensions of plastic waste management, encompassing legislative frameworks, recycling initiatives, public awareness campaigns, and the impact of technological advancements. It delves into the intricate web of challenges posed by plastic pollution and evaluates the strategies employed by the USA to mitigate these environmental threats. Key facets of the review include an analysis of federal and state-level regulations governing plastic waste, with a keen eye on the evolution of policies over time. The effectiveness of recycling programs and infrastructure, their scope, and the challenges hindering optimal performance are scrutinized. Additionally, the review assesses the role of extended producer responsibility (EPR) programs and the integration of innovative technologies in enhancing plastic waste management practices. Beyond regulatory measures, the review delves into the public's role in plastic waste management, considering the efficacy of awareness campaigns and community engagement initiatives. The societal shift toward sustainable practices and the influence of consumer behavior on plastic consumption and disposal are also examined. Furthermore, the review scrutinizes the challenges associated with plastic waste exports and the potential global implications of the USA's plastic waste management practices. It considers the broader environmental and health impacts of plastic pollution, emphasizing the need for holistic and sustainable solutions. In synthesizing these diverse aspects, the review aims to provide a nuanced understanding of the strengths and weaknesses in the USA's approach to plastic waste management. By identifying areas of improvement and acknowledging successful interventions, the review contributes valuable insights to the ongoing global discourse on mitigating the environmental impact of plastic waste.

Groundwater is a vital resource for agriculture, providing irrigation water for crops and drinking water for communities. However, agricultural activities can contribute to groundwater contamination through the use of fertilizers, pesticides, and animal waste. This review presents a multidisciplinary assessment of the risks associated with groundwater contamination from agriculture and explores mitigation strategies to protect groundwater quality. The assessment begins with an overview of the sources and pathways of agricultural contamination of groundwater, emphasizing the role of geologic factors, such as soil composition and hydrogeology, in influencing the transport of contaminants. The risks posed by various contaminants, including nitrates, pesticides, and pathogens, are discussed, highlighting their potential impacts on human health and the environment. Next, the review examines the importance of multidisciplinary approaches in assessing and managing groundwater contamination risks. It emphasizes the need for collaboration between farmers, scientists, policymakers, and community members to develop effective mitigation strategies. The role of geologists, hydrologists, agronomists, and environmental scientists in monitoring and managing groundwater quality is emphasized, highlighting the importance of integrating their expertise to address complex groundwater contamination issues. Mitigation strategies for agricultural contamination of groundwater are then discussed, including the use of best management practices (BMPs) such as cover cropping, crop rotation, and precision agriculture to reduce the use of fertilizers and pesticides. The review also explores the role of regulatory measures, such as groundwater monitoring programs and land-use regulations, in protecting groundwater quality. In conclusion, this review underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to assessing and mitigating groundwater contamination risks from agriculture. By integrating geologic, hydrologic, agronomic, and environmental sciences, stakeholders can develop effective strategies to protect groundwater quality and ensure the sustainability of agriculture.

This research explores the intricate landscape of resource management and sustainability, focusing on key principles, challenges, opportunities, and global initiatives. The literature review establishes foundational definitions, traces historical perspectives, and explores theoretical underpinnings, providing a comprehensive overview. Key principles, including the Sustainable Development Goals, circular economy practices, and the Triple Bottom Line, are elucidated. The paper outlines best practices across corporate, governmental, and community sectors. Challenges, such as environmental degradation and overconsumption, are juxtaposed with technological innovation and international collaboration opportunities. Recommendations for future directions emphasize technological adoption, circular economy promotion, and global cooperation. The conclusion underscores the urgency of collective action in shaping a sustainable future.

Agrochemicals play a vital role in modern agriculture, aiding in crop protection and enhancing yields. However, their use can have significant environmental implications, particularly regarding soil and water quality. This review explores the geologic considerations in agrochemical use, focusing on impact assessment and guidelines for environmentally safe farming practices. The geologic factors influencing agrochemical use are multifaceted. Soil composition and structure affect the retention and leaching of agrochemicals, impacting their availability to crops and potential for environmental contamination. Geological processes, such as erosion and sedimentation, can transport agrochemicals to water bodies, leading to water pollution. Understanding these factors is crucial for assessing the potential impacts of agrochemical use on the environment. Impact assessment of agrochemical use involves evaluating its effects on soil, water, and ecosystems. Techniques such as soil and water sampling, geophysical surveys, and remote sensing can help assess the distribution and movement of agrochemicals in the environment. This information is essential for developing guidelines and management practices to minimize environmental impacts. Guidelines for environmentally safe farming practices aim to reduce the use of agrochemicals and mitigate their impacts. Practices such as integrated pest management, conservation tillage, and precision agriculture can help minimize the need for agrochemicals and enhance soil health. Additionally, proper storage, handling, and disposal of agrochemicals are essential to prevent environmental contamination. In conclusion, geologic considerations play a crucial role in assessing the impact of agrochemical use on the environment and developing guidelines for environmentally safe farming practices. By integrating geologic factors into agricultural management practices, farmers can reduce the environmental footprint of agrochemical use and ensure the long-term sustainability of agricultural systems.

The increasing global population and rapid urbanization have escalated the generation of waste, posing significant environmental challenges. In response, the adoption of sustainable waste management practices and the promotion of circular economy principles have gained momentum as effective strategies to mitigate environmental impacts and harness economic benefits. This review examines the current state of waste management, focusing on the integration of circular economy principles to create a more sustainable and resilient system. The review begins by exploring contemporary waste management practices, emphasizing the challenges posed by escalating waste volumes, inadequate infrastructure, and the environmental repercussions of traditional disposal methods. It then delves into the concept of the circular economy, elucidating its core principles of reduce, reuse, recycle, and recover. The integration of these principles into waste management strategies is discussed as a transformative approach to minimize resource depletion, energy consumption, and environmental pollution. Furthermore, the economic benefits associated with the adoption of circular economy practices are critically analyzed. The review explores how the shift towards circularity can stimulate innovation, create new business models, and generate employment opportunities. It also highlights the potential for cost savings through resource efficiency, reduced waste disposal expenses, and the creation of secondary markets for recycled materials. Case studies and exemplary initiatives from various sectors and regions are examined to provide insights into successful implementations of sustainable waste management and circular economy practices. The review concludes by outlining key policy implications, emphasizing the importance of regulatory frameworks that incentivize circular practices and foster collaboration between stakeholders. This comprehensive review contributes to the understanding of the interplay between waste management and circular economy principles, offering valuable insights for policymakers, businesses, and researchers seeking to create a more sustainable and economically viable approach to waste management in the face of global environmental challenges.

This concept paper examines the role of the oil and gas sector in environmental management and climate change mitigation. It reviews existing HSE practices, discusses the integration of sustainable technologies, and proposes a conceptual framework for enhancing environmental stewardship within well engineering and operations. Environmental stewardship is a critical aspect of the oil and gas industry, with a focus on Health, Safety, and Environment (HSE) practices and climate change mitigation strategies. This conceptual review examines the current landscape of HSE practices and explores innovative strategies for mitigating climate change impacts within the industry. The review highlights the importance of adopting robust HSE practices to ensure the safety of workers, protect the environment, and maintain operational efficiency. It emphasizes the need for continuous improvement in HSE standards and the implementation of best practices to minimize risks and enhance sustainability. Furthermore, the review delves into climate change mitigation strategies, emphasizing the oil and gas industry's role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. It discusses various approaches, such as carbon capture and storage (CCS), methane emission reduction initiatives, and renewable energy integration, to mitigate the industry's environmental footprint. The conceptual review also examines the challenges and opportunities associated with implementing these strategies. It identifies regulatory frameworks, technological advancements, and stakeholder engagement as key drivers for promoting environmental stewardship in the oil and gas sector. Overall, the review underscores the importance of environmental stewardship in the oil and gas industry and provides insights into how HSE practices and climate change mitigation strategies can be effectively integrated into the industry's operational framework. Keywords: Oil and Gas, HSE, Best Practice, Storage, Environment.

Seismically active regions present unique challenges for agricultural practices, particularly concerning Health, Safety, and Environment (HSE) protocols for ensuring the safety and well-being of crops and livestock. This study aims to assess current agricultural practices in seismically active regions and propose enhancements to HSE protocols to mitigate risks associated with seismic events. The assessment will focus on understanding the vulnerabilities of agricultural systems to seismic activity, including the impact on soil stability, irrigation systems, and animal welfare. It will also consider the existing HSE protocols and their effectiveness in addressing seismic risks. By evaluating case studies and conducting field surveys, the study will identify best practices and technologies for enhancing HSE protocols in seismically active regions. Key areas of focus include soil management practices to improve soil stability and reduce the risk of landslides, retrofitting of infrastructure such as barns and storage facilities to withstand seismic forces, and implementing early warning systems for farmers to protect livestock during seismic events. Additionally, the study will explore the role of insurance and financial mechanisms in mitigating the economic impact of seismic events on agricultural operations. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to the development of guidelines and recommendations for enhancing HSE protocols in seismically active regions, thereby improving the resilience of agricultural systems to seismic risks. This research is crucial for ensuring the sustainability and safety of agricultural practices in areas prone to seismic activity, ultimately safeguarding food security and livelihoods in these regions. Keywords: Agricultural Practices, Seismically Active Regions, HSE Protocols, Livestock Safety, Crop.

This paper examines the role of leadership and organizational change in shaping such a culture within FMCG companies. Drawing upon insights from organizational psychology, change management, and leadership theories, the paper explores strategies for creating an environment that prioritizes safety, encourages innovation, and fosters continuous improvement. Key themes include the importance of leadership commitment to safety and innovation, the need for clear communication and transparency, and the value of employee empowerment and engagement. Additionally, the paper discusses the role of organizational structures, systems, and processes in supporting a culture of safety and innovation. Through case studies and real-world examples, the paper highlights best practices and practical strategies for FMCG companies looking to cultivate a culture of safety and innovation. Cultivating a culture of safety and innovation within the fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) sector is crucial for fostering resilience, driving growth, and ensuring long-term success These include fostering a learning mindset, promoting collaboration and knowledge sharing, and leveraging technology to enhance safety practices and drive innovation. Ultimately, the paper argues that cultivating a culture of safety and innovation requires a holistic approach that involves leadership commitment, organizational change, and active engagement from employees at all levels. By prioritizing safety and innovation, FMCG companies can not only mitigate risks and ensure compliance but also drive creativity, improve operational efficiency, and maintain a competitive edge in today's rapidly evolving marketplace. Keywords: FMCG Sector, Safety Culture, Organizational Change, Technology Integration, Employee Engagement, Innovation.

This study explores the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into environmental conservation efforts, aiming to assess AI's transformative potential in enhancing sustainability practices. Employing a systematic literature review and content analysis, the research scrutinizes peer-reviewed articles, reports, and case studies from 2014 to 2024, focusing on the application of AI in biodiversity preservation, climate change mitigation, and sustainable resource management. The methodology hinges on a comprehensive search strategy, adhering to strict inclusion and exclusion criteria to ensure the relevance and quality of the literature analyzed. Key findings reveal that AI significantly contributes to environmental conservation by optimizing resource management, improving predictive analytics for biodiversity conservation, and facilitating advanced monitoring and analysis to mitigate environmental impacts. However, the deployment of AI technologies also presents ethical and cybersecurity challenges, necessitating robust frameworks for responsible use. The study underscores the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration, stakeholder engagement, and the development of ethical AI solutions to address these challenges effectively. Finally, AI holds immense promise for advancing environmental sustainability efforts. Strategic recommendations include fostering partnerships across disciplines, prioritizing ethical considerations in AI development, and enhancing AI literacy among conservationists. Future research directions emphasize the need for innovative AI applications in conservation and addressing the socio-technical complexities of integrating AI into environmental strategies. This study contributes valuable insights into leveraging AI for a sustainable and resilient future, highlighting the critical balance between technological advancements and ethical considerations. Keywords: Artificial Intelligence (AI), Environmental Conservation, Sustainability, Cyber Risks.

This study critically evaluates the effectiveness of global governance mechanisms in promoting environmental sustainability and enhancing international relations. Employing a systematic literature review and content analysis, the research scrutinizes peer-reviewed articles, official reports, and policy documents published between 2010 and 2024. The main objectives were to analyze the role of global governance in environmental sustainability, assess its impact on international relations, and propose strategic recommendations for enhancing governance frameworks. The methodology focused on identifying, selecting, and analyzing relevant literature based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, emphasizing the contributions of multilateral environmental agreements, international organizations, public-private partnerships, and the involvement of civil society and non-governmental organizations. Key findings reveal that while global governance mechanisms have significantly contributed to advancing environmental sustainability goals, challenges related to implementation, compliance, stakeholder engagement, and the integration of technological innovations persist. The study concludes that adaptive governance structures responsive to evolving environmental issues and stakeholder needs are crucial. Strategic recommendations include strengthening legal and institutional frameworks, enhancing stakeholder engagement, promoting public-private partnerships, and leveraging technological advancements. Directions for future research emphasize exploring the impact of emerging global challenges and investigating the role of non-traditional actors in shaping environmental policies. Keywords: Global Governance, Environmental Sustainability, International Relations, Systematic Literature Review.